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Questions and Answers
Which element is used as a natural calcium channel blocker?
Which element is used as a natural calcium channel blocker?
Which of the following is known to be a suspending agent in calamine lotion?
Which of the following is known to be a suspending agent in calamine lotion?
What is the main composition of aqua regia?
What is the main composition of aqua regia?
Which metal is commonly used in the production of fluorescent lighting?
Which metal is commonly used in the production of fluorescent lighting?
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Which element is primarily used to render glass with brown color and light-resistant properties?
Which element is primarily used to render glass with brown color and light-resistant properties?
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In what context is antimony potassium tartrate known to be utilized?
In what context is antimony potassium tartrate known to be utilized?
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What is the role of mercury (Hg) in its +2 oxidation state?
What is the role of mercury (Hg) in its +2 oxidation state?
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What is the main pharmacologic action of ammonia in a respiratory context?
What is the main pharmacologic action of ammonia in a respiratory context?
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What is the primary antidote for lead poisoning?
What is the primary antidote for lead poisoning?
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Which of the following elements is used in the manufacture of atomic bombs?
Which of the following elements is used in the manufacture of atomic bombs?
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Which gas produces a 'Donald Duck' like sound when inhaled?
Which gas produces a 'Donald Duck' like sound when inhaled?
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What condition is caused by nitrite reacting with blood?
What condition is caused by nitrite reacting with blood?
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Which element is used in surgical repair of bones, nerves, and tissues in sheet form?
Which element is used in surgical repair of bones, nerves, and tissues in sheet form?
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Which type of oxygen is characterized as 'nascent oxygen'?
Which type of oxygen is characterized as 'nascent oxygen'?
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Which of the following is most abundant noble gas?
Which of the following is most abundant noble gas?
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Which trace element's deficiency mimics symptoms of Parkinsonism?
Which trace element's deficiency mimics symptoms of Parkinsonism?
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Which element is the lightest of all metals?
Which element is the lightest of all metals?
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Which of the following cations is the predominant intracellular cation?
Which of the following cations is the predominant intracellular cation?
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What is the antidote for zinc poisoning?
What is the antidote for zinc poisoning?
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Which condition is associated with calcium deficiency?
Which condition is associated with calcium deficiency?
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What is the antidote for copper toxicity?
What is the antidote for copper toxicity?
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Which of the following is associated with mercury poisoning?
Which of the following is associated with mercury poisoning?
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Calcium gluconate is used as an antidote for which toxicity?
Calcium gluconate is used as an antidote for which toxicity?
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What role does molybdenum serve in the body?
What role does molybdenum serve in the body?
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Which of the following compounds is used for GIT imaging?
Which of the following compounds is used for GIT imaging?
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What is the common use of sodium thiosulfate?
What is the common use of sodium thiosulfate?
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What is the predominant extracellular cation?
What is the predominant extracellular cation?
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Which element is essential in the synthesis of T3 and T4 hormones?
Which element is essential in the synthesis of T3 and T4 hormones?
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What is the function of zinc in the human body?
What is the function of zinc in the human body?
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Study Notes
Key Elements in Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry
- Lithium (Li): Lightest metal, used as a depressant.
- Hydrogen (H): Lightest element.
- Oxygen (O): Most abundant element on Earth.
- Silicon (Si): Second most abundant element on Earth.
- Aluminum (Al): Third most abundant element on Earth.
- Sodium (Na+): Predominant extracellular cation.
- Potassium (K+): Predominant intracellular cation.
- Magnesium (Mg+): Second most abundant intracellular cation.
- Calcium (Ca+): Second most abundant extracellular cation.
- Chlorine (Cl-): Second most abundant extracellular anion.
Deficiency Diseases
- Parakeratosis: Associated with zinc deficiency.
- Osteomalacia/Rickets: Associated with calcium deficiency.
- Wilson's Disease: Caused by copper toxicity.
Antidotes for Toxicities
- Penicillamine: Antidote for Wilson's Disease (copper toxicity).
- Saline Solution: Antidote for silver toxicity (Argyria).
- Magnesium Sulfate (Epsom Salt): Antidote for barium toxicity (Baritosis).
- Dimercaprol (BAL): Antidote for gold, arsenic, bismuth toxicity.
- Calcium Gluconate: Antidote for magnesium toxicity.
- Sodium Bicarbonate: Antidote for zinc poisoning.
- Sodium Thiosulfate: Antidote for iodine toxicity, cyanide poisoning.
- Deferoxamine: Antidote for iron toxicity.
Environmental and Health Issues
- Minamata's Disease: Caused by mercury poisoning.
- Itai-itai Poisoning: Result of cadmium toxicity.
Trace Elements and Their Roles
- Zinc: Found in insulin; essential for various enzymes.
- Molybdenum: Co-factor for enzymes, particularly flavin-dependent enzymes.
- Iodine: Essential for T3 and T4 synthesis.
- Iron: Found in hemoglobin and essential for oxygen transport.
- Cobalt: Component of Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin).
- Magnesium: Present in chlorophyll; important for muscle function.
Important Compounds
- Barium Sulfate (Barite): Used for gastrointestinal imaging.
- Boric Acid (H₃BO₃): Sedative, causes a lobster appearance.
- Zinc Sulfate (ZnSO₄ · 7 H₂O): Used in topical applications.
- Calcium Sulfate: Used in dental impressions and surgical casts.
Salts and Their Applications
- Sodium Chloride: Common preservative; used in saline solutions.
- Potassium Bitartrate: Known as cream of tartar.
- Sodium Nitrite: Vasodilator; used for cyanide poisoning treatment.
- Magnesium Hydroxide: Known as milk of magnesia; antacid and laxative.
- Calcium Hydroxide: Known as slaked lime; used in various applications.
Analysis Reagents
- Copper Sulfate: Used in Benedict’s, Barfoed’s, and Fehling’s solutions.
- Potassium Permanganate: Reagent in redox titrations.
Gas Safety and Containers
- Carbon Dioxide: Stored in grey containers; used for persistent hiccups.
- Oxygen: Stored in green containers; essential for respiration.
- Helium: Stored in brown containers; lightest inert gas.
Noteworthy Notes
- Zirconium: Often used in antiperspirants.
- Lead Poisoning (Plumbism): Indicated by Burton lines and blue-black gums.
Elements and Their Applications
- Chlorine: Used in various disinfectants and bleaching agents.
- Technetium (Tc-99m): First artificially produced element; used in radiopharmaceuticals.
- Hydrogen Peroxide: Common antiseptic at 3%, used for bleaching at 6%.
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Description
This quiz focuses on key concepts in Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry, including important elements and their properties. Test your knowledge on elements such as Lithium, Hydrogen, and more, exploring their roles and abundances. Ideal for students in pharmaceutical studies.
