Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry Review
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Questions and Answers

What is the symbol of the newly discovered element Tennessine?

  • Nh
  • Og
  • Ts (correct)
  • Mc

What category of elements includes Calcium?

  • Alkali Metals
  • Crystallogens
  • Alkali Earth Metals (correct)
  • Icosagens

Which group of elements is also known as Pnictogens?

  • Group IIA
  • Group VIA
  • Group VA (correct)
  • Group VIIA

What is the unit of radioactivity that is not an S.I. unit?

<p>Curie (Ci) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of elements includes Chlorine?

<p>Halogens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the symbol of the newly discovered element with atomic number 113?

<p>Nh (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement for the overall amount of radiation?

<p>Becquerel (Bq) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic flame color of Calcium?

<p>Brick Red (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of hardness of water that can be removed by boiling?

<p>Temporary hardness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process used for commercial production of Hydrogen?

<p>Messerschmitt Process (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the group of elements that Hydrogen is a part of?

<p>Alkali Metals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most abundant isotope of Hydrogen?

<p>Protium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) in a 10-volume solution?

<p>3% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of Hydrogen Peroxide in medical applications?

<p>Treatment of Vincent’s stomatitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Sterile water for injection?

<p>For extemporaneous compounding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mercury poisoning is associated with Minamata Disease?

<p>Organic mercury poisoning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best antidote for mercury poisoning?

<p>Na formaldehyde sulfoxylate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of HgCl2?

<p>Antisyphilitic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Boron?

<p>Bridge element, resembling silicon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of Borax?

<p>Antiseptic and eyewash (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Aluminum?

<p>Most abundant metal in the earth's crust (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of Thenard's blue test for Aluminum?

<p>Positive result (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Molybdenum used as in enzymes?

<p>As a cofactor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which halogen is known as the strongest oxidizing agent?

<p>Fluorine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of excessive fluoride intake?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which noble gas is used in synthetic airs?

<p>Helium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Tungsten used to impart to steel?

<p>Great hardness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for bromine poisoning?

<p>Both NaCl and NH4Cl (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Manganese in the body?

<p>Involved in protein synthesis and phosphorylation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is used in the manufacture of atomic bombs?

<p>Uranium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of AlCl3*6H2O?

<p>Astringent, antiseptic, antiperspirant, and deodorant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Al(OH)3 on the body?

<p>Causes constipation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of Kaolin/China Clay?

<p>Adsorbent in diarrhea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Gallium (Ga) on the body?

<p>Used to treat cancer-related hypercalcemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Carbon (C)?

<p>Can form multiple bonds with itself (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of CO2?

<p>Inert atmosphere for oxidizable medicinal absobers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of CO on the body?

<p>Binds to hemoglobin, preventing oxygen binding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for Silicosis?

<p>Al2O3 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of Simethicone?

<p>Antiflatulent and antifoaming agent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of SnF2?

<p>Anticariogenic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Alkali Metals Group IA

Group of elements in the periodic table, including Hydrogen, characterized by their reactivity and tendency to lose electrons.

Hydrogen (H)

Most abundant element in the universe, lightest element, commercially produced through the Messerschmitt Process.

Protium

A stable isotope of hydrogen with one proton and one electron.

Deuterium

A stable isotope of hydrogen with one proton and one neutron.

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Tritium

A radioactive isotope of hydrogen, with one proton and two neutrons.

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Boron Group (IIIA)

Group in the periodic table that includes Boron, Aluminum, Gallium, and Thallium.

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Boron (B)

Bridge element resembling silicon, toxic in the form of boric acid

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Aluminum (Al)

Most abundant metal in Earth's crust, has a positive result for Thenard's blue test.

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AlCl3*6H2O

Aluminum compound used as an astringent, antiseptic, antiperspirant and deodorant

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Aluminum compounds

Common aluminum compounds with useful properties (e.g., antiperspirants, astringents, antacids).

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Carbon Group (IVA)

Group in Periodic Table with Carbon, Silicon, Germanium...

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Carbon (C)

Element capable of forming multiple bonds with itself, key component of CO2 and CO.

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Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Used in soft drinks, respiratory stimulant.

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Carbon Monoxide (CO)

Systemic poison, binds to hemoglobin.

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Silicon (Si)

Element resembling carbon, high melting point, used in glass production.

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Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Component of sand, used in filtering agents, can cause silicosis.

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Halogens Group VIIA

Reactive nonmetals, including Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, known for their diatomic nature.

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Fluorine (F)

Strongest oxidizing agent, most electronegative, and greenish-yellow color.

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Chlorine (Cl)

Used as water disinfectant, yellow-green color.

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Bromine (Br)

Dark reddish-brown, toxic, sedative, and depressant effects.

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Iodine (I)

Essential for thyroid gland, violet color.

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Noble Gases Group VIIIA

Inert gases, unreactive, low boiling points.

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Helium (He)

Second lightest gas, used in airs.

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Argon (Ar)

Abundant noble gas used in lighting.

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Manganese Subgroup (VIIB)

Group with Manganese and other elements, involved in biological processes.

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Study Notes

Periodic Table

  • Newly discovered elements: Nihonium (Nh), Moscovium (Mc), Tennessine (Ts), and Oganesson (Og)

Group IA: Alkali Metals

  • Hydrogen (H): most abundant element in the universe, lightest element, and commercially produced through the Messerschmitt Process
  • Isotopes of hydrogen: protium, deuterium (heavy hydrogen), and tritium (radioactive)

Group IIIA: Boron Group

  • Boron (B): bridge element, resembles silicon, and toxic in the form of boric acid
  • Aluminum (Al): most abundant metal in the earth's crust, third most abundant element, and has a positive result for Thenard's blue test
  • Aluminum compounds: AlCl3*6H2O (astringent, antiseptic, antiperspirant, deodorant), AlNH4 (antiperspirant, astringent), and Al(OH)3 (antacid, used to treat hyperphosphatemia)
  • Gallium (Ga): "Eka-aluminum" and used to treat cancer-related hypercalcemia
  • Thallium (Tl): "green twig" and formerly used as an insecticide

Group IVA: Carbon Group

  • Carbon (C): only atom that can form multiple bonds with itself, has two forms (crystalline and amorphous), and is a key component of carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO)
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2): used in soft drinks, has a gray cylinder, and is a respiratory stimulant
  • Carbon monoxide (CO): systemic poison, binds to hemoglobin, and has a cherry red blood color

Group IVA (continued)

  • Silicon (Si): resembles carbon, has a high melting point, and is used in the production of glass
  • Silicon compounds: SiO2 (very fine, used in filtering agents, and can cause silicosis when inhaled), and silicones (simethicone and dimethicone)
  • Germanium (Ge): "Eka-silicon" and has immune system-enhancing and antitumor effects

Group VIIA: Halogens

  • Fluorine (F): strongest oxidizing agent, most electronegative, and has a greenish-yellow color
  • Fluorine compounds: NaF (anticariogenic, 2%), SnF2 (anticariogenic, 8%), and CCl2F2 (Freon, refrigerant, and aerosol propellant)
  • Chlorine (Cl): used as a water disinfectant, and has a yellow-green color
  • Chlorine compounds: Cl2 (chlorine gas), HCl (muriatic acid), and diluted HCl (used to treat achlorhydria)

Group VIIA (continued)

  • Bromine (B): has a dark reddish-brown color, is toxic, and has a sedative and depressant effect
  • Iodine (I): essential for the thyroid gland, has a violet color, and is used to treat iodine deficiency
  • Iodine compounds: Iodine tincture (2%), Iodine solution (2%), and Lugol's solution (5%)

Group VIIB: Manganese Subgroup

  • Manganese (Mn): cofactor involved in protein synthesis, phosphorylation, and fatty and cholesterol synthesis, and is toxic in high amounts
  • Technetium (Tc): first element produced artificially, and used in radiopharmaceuticals

Group VIIIA: Noble Gases

  • Helium (He): second lightest gas, used in synthetic airs, and has a brown container
  • Neon (Ne): used for advertising purposes
  • Argon (Ar): most abundant noble gas, substitute for N2, and used in lighting
  • Krypton (Kr): least abundant noble gas, and used as an investigational anesthetic
  • Xenon (Xe): used as an investigational anesthetic
  • Radon (Rn): synthetic and radioactive noble gas, used to treat cancer

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Description

Review of pharmaceutical inorganic chemistry, covering topics such as the periodic table, newly discovered elements, and groups of elements like alkali metals, alkali earth metals, and crystallogens.

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