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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a type of liquid dosage form for oral administration?
Which of the following is NOT a type of liquid dosage form for oral administration?
What are "excipients" in pharmaceutical dosage forms?
What are "excipients" in pharmaceutical dosage forms?
What is the purpose of an emulsifying agent in an emulsion dosage form?
What is the purpose of an emulsifying agent in an emulsion dosage form?
Which of the following is a characteristic of a suspension dosage form?
Which of the following is a characteristic of a suspension dosage form?
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What is the primary difference between lotions and liniments?
What is the primary difference between lotions and liniments?
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Which of the following is NOT considered an inactive pharmaceutical ingredient (excipient)?
Which of the following is NOT considered an inactive pharmaceutical ingredient (excipient)?
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What is the purpose of a drug delivery formulation?
What is the purpose of a drug delivery formulation?
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Which of these is an example of a pharmaceutical ingredient used to enhance the taste of a medicine?
Which of these is an example of a pharmaceutical ingredient used to enhance the taste of a medicine?
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Which of the following is NOT a solid dosage form?
Which of the following is NOT a solid dosage form?
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What is the primary difference between a cream and an ointment?
What is the primary difference between a cream and an ointment?
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What is the purpose of excipients in solid dosage forms?
What is the purpose of excipients in solid dosage forms?
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Which of these dosage forms is specifically designed for a patient's respiratory tract?
Which of these dosage forms is specifically designed for a patient's respiratory tract?
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Which dosage form is used for applying medication to the nose or throat?
Which dosage form is used for applying medication to the nose or throat?
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What is the primary function of a suppository?
What is the primary function of a suppository?
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Which dosage form is used for external application and contains a significant amount of finely powdered medication?
Which dosage form is used for external application and contains a significant amount of finely powdered medication?
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Which dosage form is used to treat oral infections and can be used in a similar manner to gargles?
Which dosage form is used to treat oral infections and can be used in a similar manner to gargles?
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When might a parenteral dosage form be preferred over an oral dosage form?
When might a parenteral dosage form be preferred over an oral dosage form?
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Which of the following is NOT a factor considered when selecting a suitable dosage form?
Which of the following is NOT a factor considered when selecting a suitable dosage form?
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Which of the following is an advantage of liquid dosage forms like syrups and solutions?
Which of the following is an advantage of liquid dosage forms like syrups and solutions?
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What is a benefit of using solid oral dosage forms like tablets and capsules?
What is a benefit of using solid oral dosage forms like tablets and capsules?
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What is the term for the undesirable effects that a drug can have on a patient?
What is the term for the undesirable effects that a drug can have on a patient?
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Which of the following is NOT a key component of the 'six rights of medication administration'?
Which of the following is NOT a key component of the 'six rights of medication administration'?
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Flashcards
Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Prepared formulations in which drugs are delivered, not as pure chemicals.
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API)
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API)
Chemical compounds used for diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of diseases.
Excipients
Excipients
Inactive ingredients that do not affect the therapeutic action of drugs.
Elixirs
Elixirs
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Emulsions
Emulsions
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Suspensions
Suspensions
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Gargles
Gargles
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Liniments
Liniments
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Topical Dosage Forms
Topical Dosage Forms
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Parenteral Dosage Forms
Parenteral Dosage Forms
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Liquid Dosage Forms
Liquid Dosage Forms
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Solid Dosage Forms
Solid Dosage Forms
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Factors for Dosage Form Selection
Factors for Dosage Form Selection
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Desired Effects of Drugs
Desired Effects of Drugs
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Side Effects of Drugs
Side Effects of Drugs
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Drug Interactions
Drug Interactions
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Mouthwashes
Mouthwashes
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Nasal drops
Nasal drops
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Powders
Powders
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Suppositories
Suppositories
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Aerosols
Aerosols
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Study Notes
Drug Classification
- Drugs are categorized based on physical state, route of administration, site of application, and uses.
- Physical state includes solid, semi-solid, liquid, and gaseous forms.
- Routes of administration include oral, parenteral, sublingual, intra-respiratory, urethral, vaginal, rectal, intra-ocular, conjunctival, and intra-nasal.
- Sites of application include skin, eye, tooth, hand, foot, hair, and nasal.
Solid Dosage Forms
- Powders: Micron-sized, finely fragmented particles.
- Tablets: Medication in solid form, optionally with excipients.
- Granules: Aggregated particles.
- Capsules: Gelatin containers for drugs.
- Pills: Small tablets containing excipients.
- Lozenges: Sugar and gum-based solids for mouth and throat.
- Suppositories: Solid dosage for body cavities (rectum, nose, ear).
Semisolid Dosage Forms
- Ointments: Ointment-based semisolid for external use, may or may not contain medications.
- Creams: Semisolid external forms with an appropriate fatty basis, with or without medication.
- Pastes: Semisolid forms with a significant proportion of finely powdered medicaments.
- Gels: Hydrophilic or hydrophobic bases with gelling agents, transparent semisolid forms for external use.
Liquid Dosage Forms
- Elixirs: Liquid formulations for oral administration, containing excipients and medicaments.
- Emulsions: Water-based suspensions of oils and fats, using an emulsifying agent.
- Suspensions: Active components dispersed in a suitable medium, for oral administration, stable after shaking.
- Gargles: Externally applied concentrated aqueous solutions for treating throat infections.
- Lotions: External liquid preparations generally applied without friction.
- Liniments: External liquid preparations applied with friction.
- Mixtures: Liquid preparations containing one or more medications.
- Mouthwashes: Aqueous solutions for oral cleanliness and treating infections.
- Nasal Drops: Liquid solutions instilled into the nose for treatment of infections and blockages.
- Solutions: Liquid medicines for internal or external use.
- Syrups: Sweet, viscous, concentrated liquid medicines, optionally with sugar and medicaments.
Gaseous Dosage Forms
- Aerosols: Solid or liquid particles dispersed in gas for application to the respiratory tract.
- Inhalations: Pharmaceutical liquid preparations for internal use, dispersed or suspended in a propellant.
- Sprays: Application of alcohol-containing medication aerosols to the nose or throat.
Factors Influencing Drug Action
- Age
- Body weight
- Metabolic rate
- Illness
- Psychological aspects (placebo effect).
- Tolerance/Dependence
- Cumulative effect
Drug Action and Adverse Reactions
- Drugs have a desired effect, but can also cause undesirable side effects.
- Adverse reactions can include allergic reactions (hives, itching, edema) and anaphylactic reactions (respiratory distress, cardiovascular collapse).
Drug Interactions
- Drugs can interact with other drugs, foods, and juices.
Six Rights of Medication Administration
- Right drug
- Right time
- Right dose
- Right patient
- Right route
- Right documentation
Other Topics
- Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: The physical forms of medicines formulated for patient administration.
- Reasons for Different Dosage Forms: To improve administration, ensuring product stability, and enhancing drug efficiency based on patient needs.
- Advantages of Topical Dosage Forms: Target delivery, reduced side effects, and easy application
- Advantages of Parenteral Dosage Forms: Suitable for non-orally absorbed drugs, avoiding first-pass metabolism, rapid onset of action and complete bioavailability
- Advantages of Liquid Dosage Forms: Easy swallowing for elderly/children, enhanced taste via flavors, adjustable dose for different age groups
- Advantages of Solid Dosage Forms: Stability, accurate dosing, easy administration, possibility of combination therapy
- Factors when selecting a dosage form: Age and condition of the patient, route of administration, properties of the drug substance, and stability of the drug product.
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Description
Test your knowledge of various pharmaceutical dosage forms and their characteristics with this comprehensive quiz. Questions cover liquid, solid, and semisolid forms, excipients, and drug delivery formulations. Perfect for students in pharmaceutical studies.
