Podcast
Questions and Answers
Chloroform water, double-strength has a concentration of 0.5%.
Chloroform water, double-strength has a concentration of 0.5%.
True
The prefix 'kilo-' represents a magnitude of 10^2.
The prefix 'kilo-' represents a magnitude of 10^2.
False
Rx is derived from the Latin word meaning 'to write on a label'.
Rx is derived from the Latin word meaning 'to write on a label'.
False
One teaspoon is equivalent to 10 mL.
One teaspoon is equivalent to 10 mL.
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In prescription shorthand, 'prn' means 'when required'.
In prescription shorthand, 'prn' means 'when required'.
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1 ounce is equal to 40 grams.
1 ounce is equal to 40 grams.
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The correct way to write a decimal number is without a leading zero.
The correct way to write a decimal number is without a leading zero.
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Both 'bid' and 'bd' indicate a dosage of twice a day.
Both 'bid' and 'bd' indicate a dosage of twice a day.
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The term 'tarde' in prescription shorthand refers to taking medication in the morning.
The term 'tarde' in prescription shorthand refers to taking medication in the morning.
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One stone is equivalent to 14 pounds.
One stone is equivalent to 14 pounds.
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0.5 mg is preferred over .5 mg in pharmaceutical calculations.
0.5 mg is preferred over .5 mg in pharmaceutical calculations.
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Rounding a number means adding 1 if the figure beyond the required place is lower than 5.
Rounding a number means adding 1 if the figure beyond the required place is lower than 5.
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In pharmaceutical calculations, it is acceptable to perform calculations only with a calculator.
In pharmaceutical calculations, it is acceptable to perform calculations only with a calculator.
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The quantity prescribed should always make practical sense and not lead to harmful effects.
The quantity prescribed should always make practical sense and not lead to harmful effects.
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When familiar with a calculation, there is no need to consult a colleague for confirmation.
When familiar with a calculation, there is no need to consult a colleague for confirmation.
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Grouping zeros using commas is not a standard practice in pharmaceutical calculations.
Grouping zeros using commas is not a standard practice in pharmaceutical calculations.
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The Body Mass Index (BMI) of a person with a height of 5 foot 4 inches and weight of 10 stone 11 pounds can be accurately calculated without considering the units.
The Body Mass Index (BMI) of a person with a height of 5 foot 4 inches and weight of 10 stone 11 pounds can be accurately calculated without considering the units.
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If a medication contains 2 parts Drug X to 8 parts excipient, then Drug X constitutes 20% of the medication.
If a medication contains 2 parts Drug X to 8 parts excipient, then Drug X constitutes 20% of the medication.
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The prescription of Ramipril 5 mg OD x 1/12 allows the patient a total of 2 months of medication.
The prescription of Ramipril 5 mg OD x 1/12 allows the patient a total of 2 months of medication.
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In the prescription for Amoxicillin 250 mg, the total number of capsules dispensed can be greater than the total number of Prednisolone tablets.
In the prescription for Amoxicillin 250 mg, the total number of capsules dispensed can be greater than the total number of Prednisolone tablets.
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Study Notes
PF1011 – Calculations
- Aim/Objectives: Conversion between units and measurement systems, basic dosage calculations, calculations for basic compounding.
Peppermint Water Case
- Peppermint Water ingredients: 3.75ml Peppermint emulsion, 75 ml Chloroform water, double-strength, Purified water up to 150 ml
- Chloroform water concentrations: Single-strength (0.25%), Double-strength (0.5%), Concentrated (10%)
Recommended textbook
- No specific textbook recommended.
Understanding Prescription Shorthand Writing
- More prevalent in the past.
- Aided speedier prescription writing.
- Based on English and Latin words.
- Common ones only for these sessions.
Rx Shorthand - General
- ℞/Rx/Rx Prescription - Recipe (to receive)
- Sig.Label - Signa (to write on a label)
- Mitte - Total quantity - Mitte (send/give)
Rx Shorthand - Frequency
- bd/BD Twice a day - bis dei
- bid/BID Twice a day - bis in dei
- mane In the morning - mane
- nocte At night - nocte
- od/OD Once a day - omni die
- prn/PRN When required - pro re nata
- q6h Every 6 hours - quaque 6 hora
- qds/QDS Four times a day - quarter die sumendus
- qid/QID Four times a day - quarter in die
- tds/TDS Three times a day - ter die sumendus
- tid/TID Three times a day - ter in dei
- tarde In the evening - tarde
Rx Shorthand - Duration/Route
- x 5/7 For 5 days
- x 4/52 For 4 weeks
- Repeat x 2/12 Repeat for 2 more months
- Rx2 Repeat twice
- PO Orally
- SC s/c Subcutaneously
- IV Intravenously
- IM Intramuscularly
Pharmaceutical Calculation Basics - Prefixes
- Tera- T 1012 1 000 000 000 000
- Giga- G 109 1 000 000 000
- Mega- M 106 1 000 000
- kilo- k 103 1000
- hecto- h 102 100
- deka- da 10 10
- deci- d 10-1 0.1
- centi- c 10-2 0.01
- milli- m 10-3 0.001
- micro- µ/mc 10-6 0.000 001
- nano- n 10-9 0.000 000 001
Pharmaceutical Calculation Basics - Imperial
- 1 ounce (oz) 28.35 g (Mass)
- 1 pound (lb) 453.59 g (Mass)
- 1 stone (st) 6.35 kg (Mass)
- 1 teaspoon (tsp) 5 mL (Volume)
- 1 tablespoon (tbsp) 15 mL (Volume)
- 1 pint 568 mL (Volume)
- 1 inch (in) 2.54 cm (Length)
- 1 foot (ft) 30.5 cm (Length)
Pharmaceutical Calculation Basics - Concentrations
- No content provided in the text
Pharmaceutical Calculation Basics - Performing
- Writing
- Always write the 0 before the decimal place! ALWAYS 0.5 mg NEVER .5 mg
- Always omit decimal points from whole numbers! ALWAYS 1 mg NEVER 1.0 mg
- Always group zeros in 3s using a comma ALWAYS 100,000 units NEVER 100000 units
- Always include units in every line of your calculations.
- Rounding
- If the figure one place beyond the required number of figures is ‘5’ or more then add 1.
- If the figure one place beyond the required number of figures is less than 5 add zero.
- Calculators
- Perform calculations without a calculator.
- Then perform them with a calculator.
- Approximation
- Finally, check if the answer makes sense.
- Will the quantity have no therapeutic effect or kill the patient? (e.g. paracetamol 1mg qds instead of 1g qds)
- Is the quantity impractical? (e.g. 100L injection)
- Colleagues
- If unfamiliar with a calculation, ask a colleague to also perform it and compare answers.
Session 1 Calculations
- To participate, type vevox.com into your browser.
- Enter the following room number: 116-004-012
- Alternatively, use this link: https://vevox.app/#/m/116004012
Question 1
- Calculate the Body Mass Index (BMI) of the patient below:
- Patient height: 5 foot 4 inches
- Patient weight: 10 stone and 11 pounds
- The answer should be rounded to one decimal place.
Question 2
- If a medication had 2 parts Drug X to 8 parts excipient, what percentage of the medication is Drug X?
Question 3
- Prescription: Ramipril 5 mg OD x 1/12 Repeat x 2
- How many months of ramipril is the patient entitled to?
Question 4
- Prescription:
- Amoxicillin 250 mg 2 caps TID x 5/7
- Prednisolone 5mg 4 tabs BD x 1/52
- Will you dispense a greater number of tablets or capsules?
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Description
Test your knowledge on basic dosage calculations, conversion between unit measurements, and the historical context of prescription shorthand writing. This quiz includes practical applications related to Peppermint Water and understanding prescription shorthand frequencies.
