Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the term 'perishability' refer to in the context of travel and tourism?
What does the term 'perishability' refer to in the context of travel and tourism?
- The ability to forecast tourism demand accurately
- The idea that tourism products can be stored for future sales
- The use of pricing and promotion policies to influence consumer behavior
- The risk of unsold tourism products resulting in lost revenue (correct)
Why do marketers in the tourism and hospitality sectors devise complex pricing and promotion policies?
Why do marketers in the tourism and hospitality sectors devise complex pricing and promotion policies?
- To reduce competition in the tourism industry
- To smooth out demand curves (correct)
- To reduce the risk of empty hotel rooms
- To increase revenue during off-peak seasons
What is the primary goal of yield management strategies in the tourism industry?
What is the primary goal of yield management strategies in the tourism industry?
- To increase market share
- To improve customer satisfaction
- To reduce costs
- To maximize revenue or profits from a perishable product (correct)
What is a key feature of the global travel and tourism industry?
What is a key feature of the global travel and tourism industry?
What is the purpose of using computerised reservation systems in the tourism industry?
What is the purpose of using computerised reservation systems in the tourism industry?
What does a hotel bed or an airline seat left unsold represent?
What does a hotel bed or an airline seat left unsold represent?
What is the primary reason why travel and tourism products cannot be stored for future use?
What is the primary reason why travel and tourism products cannot be stored for future use?
Why do suppliers reduce prices during the shoulder months?
Why do suppliers reduce prices during the shoulder months?
What is the main challenge faced by travel agents when selling travel and tourism products?
What is the main challenge faced by travel agents when selling travel and tourism products?
What is the term used to describe the period between peak and off-peak seasons when fares tend to be relatively low?
What is the term used to describe the period between peak and off-peak seasons when fares tend to be relatively low?
Why do travel agents use sales literature, videos, and virtual tours to promote travel and tourism products?
Why do travel agents use sales literature, videos, and virtual tours to promote travel and tourism products?
What is the main advantage of offering travel and tourism products at discounted rates?
What is the main advantage of offering travel and tourism products at discounted rates?
What is a key characteristic of a destination in the context of travel and tourism?
What is a key characteristic of a destination in the context of travel and tourism?
What is the primary goal of the 'drive to maturity' stage in the development of the travel and tourism industry?
What is the primary goal of the 'drive to maturity' stage in the development of the travel and tourism industry?
What is a key factor that affects tourism, according to the learning objectives of this section of the syllabus?
What is a key factor that affects tourism, according to the learning objectives of this section of the syllabus?
What is the primary purpose of the 'key terms' section in this resource?
What is the primary purpose of the 'key terms' section in this resource?
What is the main focus of the learning objectives in this section of the syllabus?
What is the main focus of the learning objectives in this section of the syllabus?
What is a key characteristic of the structure of the travel and tourism industry, according to the learning objectives of this section of the syllabus?
What is a key characteristic of the structure of the travel and tourism industry, according to the learning objectives of this section of the syllabus?
What is a destination in the context of travel and tourism?
What is a destination in the context of travel and tourism?
What is the main difference between independent and packaged tourism?
What is the main difference between independent and packaged tourism?
What is an example of a packaged tourism product?
What is an example of a packaged tourism product?
What is the main impact of the rapid development of online services on the travel and tourism industry?
What is the main impact of the rapid development of online services on the travel and tourism industry?
What is a key characteristic of a destination in the context of travel and tourism?
What is a key characteristic of a destination in the context of travel and tourism?
What is a major implication of perishability in the tourism industry?
What is a major implication of perishability in the tourism industry?
Why do marketers in the tourism industry use tactical pricing and promotion strategies?
Why do marketers in the tourism industry use tactical pricing and promotion strategies?
What is the primary goal of yield management strategies in the tourism industry?
What is the primary goal of yield management strategies in the tourism industry?
What characterizes the global travel and tourism industry?
What characterizes the global travel and tourism industry?
What is the role of computerised reservation systems in the tourism industry?
What is the role of computerised reservation systems in the tourism industry?
What is a key characteristic of a destination in the travel and tourism industry?
What is a key characteristic of a destination in the travel and tourism industry?
What is the primary focus of the learning objectives in this section of the syllabus?
What is the primary focus of the learning objectives in this section of the syllabus?
What is the 'drive to maturity' stage in the development of the travel and tourism industry characterized by?
What is the 'drive to maturity' stage in the development of the travel and tourism industry characterized by?
What determines the scale of the travel and tourism industry?
What determines the scale of the travel and tourism industry?
What is the purpose of the 'key terms' section in this resource?
What is the purpose of the 'key terms' section in this resource?
Why do travel and tourism products have limitations in their sales?
Why do travel and tourism products have limitations in their sales?
What is one way travel agents overcome the intangibility of travel and tourism products?
What is one way travel agents overcome the intangibility of travel and tourism products?
What is the main objective of reducing prices in the shoulder months?
What is the main objective of reducing prices in the shoulder months?
What is the significance of 'shoulder months' in the travel and tourism industry?
What is the significance of 'shoulder months' in the travel and tourism industry?
What is a key characteristic of travel and tourism products?
What is a key characteristic of travel and tourism products?
What is a key concept related to the development of tourism in Less Economically Developed Countries (LEDCs)?
What is a key concept related to the development of tourism in Less Economically Developed Countries (LEDCs)?
Which of the following is an example of an emerging tourist destination?
Which of the following is an example of an emerging tourist destination?
What is a characteristic of Newly Industrialised Countries (NICs) in the context of tourism?
What is a characteristic of Newly Industrialised Countries (NICs) in the context of tourism?
What is a key feature of tourism development in LEDCs?
What is a key feature of tourism development in LEDCs?
What is a common trend among LEDCs in terms of tourism?
What is a common trend among LEDCs in terms of tourism?
What is a common feature of resorts?
What is a common feature of resorts?
What is an example of a purpose-built resort?
What is an example of a purpose-built resort?
What is a key feature of integrated resorts?
What is a key feature of integrated resorts?
What is the main attraction at Resorts World Sentosa?
What is the main attraction at Resorts World Sentosa?
Where are the two integrated resorts mentioned in the text located?
Where are the two integrated resorts mentioned in the text located?
What is the primary purpose of destination marketing?
What is the primary purpose of destination marketing?
What is the primary goal of a tourism master plan?
What is the primary goal of a tourism master plan?
What is the role of a national tourism organization in destination marketing?
What is the role of a national tourism organization in destination marketing?
What is the primary focus of a destination marketing strategy?
What is the primary focus of a destination marketing strategy?
What is the role of a tourism board in destination marketing?
What is the role of a tourism board in destination marketing?
What is the primary goal of a tourism branding strategy?
What is the primary goal of a tourism branding strategy?
What is the role of a destination marketing organization in promoting tourism?
What is the role of a destination marketing organization in promoting tourism?
What is the primary focus of a tourism marketing campaign?
What is the primary focus of a tourism marketing campaign?
What is the role of a tourism information centre in destination marketing?
What is the role of a tourism information centre in destination marketing?
What is the primary goal of a destination marketing strategy in the context of tourism?
What is the primary goal of a destination marketing strategy in the context of tourism?
What is the primary challenge faced by marketers in the tourism industry due to perishability?
What is the primary challenge faced by marketers in the tourism industry due to perishability?
How do marketers in the tourism industry attempt to smooth out demand curves?
How do marketers in the tourism industry attempt to smooth out demand curves?
What is the significance of yield management strategies in the tourism industry?
What is the significance of yield management strategies in the tourism industry?
What is a characteristic of the global travel and tourism industry?
What is a characteristic of the global travel and tourism industry?
Why is it important for marketers to understand consumer behavior in the tourism industry?
Why is it important for marketers to understand consumer behavior in the tourism industry?
What is the purpose of travel and tourism suppliers reducing prices during the shoulder months?
What is the purpose of travel and tourism suppliers reducing prices during the shoulder months?
Why is it challenging for travel agents to sell travel and tourism products?
Why is it challenging for travel agents to sell travel and tourism products?
What is the significance of the shoulder months in the travel and tourism industry?
What is the significance of the shoulder months in the travel and tourism industry?
How do travel agents overcome the intangibility of travel and tourism products?
How do travel agents overcome the intangibility of travel and tourism products?
What is a characteristic of travel and tourism products?
What is a characteristic of travel and tourism products?
What is the primary characteristic of a destination in the context of travel and tourism?
What is the primary characteristic of a destination in the context of travel and tourism?
What is the primary focus of the learning objectives in this section of the syllabus?
What is the primary focus of the learning objectives in this section of the syllabus?
What is the 'drive to maturity' stage in the development of the travel and tourism industry characterized by?
What is the 'drive to maturity' stage in the development of the travel and tourism industry characterized by?
What is a key factor that affects tourism, according to the learning objectives of this section of the syllabus?
What is a key factor that affects tourism, according to the learning objectives of this section of the syllabus?
What is the primary purpose of the 'key terms' section in this resource?
What is the primary purpose of the 'key terms' section in this resource?
What is a fundamental characteristic of a tourist destination?
What is a fundamental characteristic of a tourist destination?
What can influence the development of tourist destinations?
What can influence the development of tourist destinations?
What is a tourist destination?
What is a tourist destination?
What is a characteristic of tourist destinations in relation to tourism?
What is a characteristic of tourist destinations in relation to tourism?
What is a key aspect of tourist destinations in terms of local economy?
What is a key aspect of tourist destinations in terms of local economy?
What is the primary objective of destination management?
What is the primary objective of destination management?
What is a key strategy for encouraging responsible tourist behavior through education?
What is a key strategy for encouraging responsible tourist behavior through education?
What is the purpose of regular environmental impact auditing in destination management?
What is the purpose of regular environmental impact auditing in destination management?
What is the role of community involvement in destination management?
What is the role of community involvement in destination management?
What is a key challenge in implementing destination branding?
What is a key challenge in implementing destination branding?
What drives the growth of the travel and tourism industry?
What drives the growth of the travel and tourism industry?
What is the primary focus of travel and tourism organisations?
What is the primary focus of travel and tourism organisations?
What is a key consideration in the management of tourist destinations?
What is a key consideration in the management of tourist destinations?
What is the primary goal of sustainable tourism development?
What is the primary goal of sustainable tourism development?
What is the key to the success of travel and tourism providers?
What is the key to the success of travel and tourism providers?
What is the definition of a destination in the context of travel and tourism?
What is the definition of a destination in the context of travel and tourism?
What is the main difference between independent and packaged tourism?
What is the main difference between independent and packaged tourism?
What is an example of packaged tourism?
What is an example of packaged tourism?
What has led to the creation of independent tourism?
What has led to the creation of independent tourism?
What is an essential element of a holiday package?
What is an essential element of a holiday package?
What is the impact of the rapid development of online services on the travel and tourism industry?
What is the impact of the rapid development of online services on the travel and tourism industry?
What is the primary characteristic of a destination?
What is the primary characteristic of a destination?
What is the key feature of packaged tourism?
What is the key feature of packaged tourism?
What is the significance of destinations in the context of travel and tourism?
What is the significance of destinations in the context of travel and tourism?
What is the main impact of online services on the travel and tourism industry?
What is the main impact of online services on the travel and tourism industry?
Study Notes
Types of Tourism
- Independent tourism: a holiday organized and booked by the traveller from separate sources, not purchased as a package.
- Packaged tourism: the simultaneous sale of at least two elements of a holiday, such as transport and accommodation, to the traveller.
Types of Destinations
- Resort: a destination that has a high proportion of jobs and businesses connected to tourism, with a range of accommodation and attractions.
- Examples: beach resorts, purpose-built resorts (e.g. Center Parcs, Disneyland Paris), and integrated resorts (e.g. Resorts World Sentosa).
Characteristics of the Industry
- Perishability: travel and tourism products cannot be stored for future use, and unsold products (e.g. hotel rooms, airline seats) represent lost revenue.
- Intangibility: the service product cannot be easily evaluated or demonstrated in advance of its purchase.
Scale of the Travel and Tourism Industry
- The industry is a truly global economic activity, taking place in destinations across the world.
- It is a high-risk industry, with marketers needing to devise complex pricing and promotion policies to manage demand.
Key Terms
- Destination: a geographical area with the necessary services and infrastructure to support tourism.
- Shoulder months: the travel season between peak and off-peak seasons, with relatively low fares.
- Drive to maturity: a stage of growth where industry development is self-sustaining and leads to an increase in the number and types of industry.### Characteristics of Travel and Tourism Industry
- An empty hotel room or an unsold airline seat cannot be stored for future use, resulting in lost revenue.
- Travel and tourism products cannot be tested or sampled before purchase, making it an intangible service industry.
- The industry is seasonal, with prices varying throughout the year, and suppliers try to minimize the impact of seasonal demand by reducing prices during shoulder months.
- Shoulder months refer to the travel season between peak and off-peak seasons, such as spring and autumn, when fares tend to be relatively low.
Types of Tourism
- Independent tourism: travellers organize and book transport and accommodation from separate sources.
- Packaged tourism: the simultaneous sale of at least two elements of a holiday, such as fares on public transport and commercial accommodation.
- Sports tourism and medical tourism are examples of specialized tourism.
Destination
- A destination is a geographical area consisting of all the services and infrastructure necessary to support tourism.
- Destinations are places where tourism develops and are influenced by social, cultural, environmental, economic, and political conditions.
Scale of the Travel and Tourism Industry
- Travel and tourism is a truly global economic activity, taking place in destinations across the world.
- It is a significant contributor to the global economy, with a global economic contribution of US$7.6 trillion in 2015.
Features of Travel and Tourism Industry
- Perishability: travel and tourism service products cannot be stored for sale on a future occasion.
- Intangibility: the service product cannot be easily evaluated or demonstrated in advance of its purchase.
- Key concepts: global and growing, change and development, customer focus, and sustainability and responsibility.
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Description
Learn about the concept of perishability in the tourism industry, where unsold travel and tourism services result in lost revenue. Marketers must develop complex pricing and promotion policies to mitigate this risk.
