Biochemistry LE 4: Basic Nutrition I
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Questions and Answers

What is a common bacteria inhabiting the GIT area around the pyloric valve?

  • Helicobacter pylori (correct)
  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae
  • Escherichia coli

    • What is the name of the type of constipation characterized by constriction of the colon with small ribbon-like stools?

  • Inflammatory constipation
  • Atonic constipation
  • Obstructive constipation
  • Spastic constipation (correct)

    • What is the term for the retention of stools beyond emptying time resulting in infrequent passage of stools?

  • Diarrhea
  • Constipation (correct)
  • Peptic Ulcer
  • Hyperacidity

    • What is recommended to achieve the objective of reducing or neutralizing gastric acid secretion?

    <p>Eat three meals daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition characterized by nausea, vomiting, and occult blood in the stools?

    <p>Peptic Ulcer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the type of constipation characterized by lazy bowel due to weakening of musculature?

    <p>Atonic constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended to avoid in order to reduce gastric acid secretion?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trend in nutritional therapy of Peptic Ulcer?

    <p>Individualized approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended to limit in order to reduce gastric acid secretion?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the rise of vegetarianism?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nutrient is often deficient in a vegetarian diet?

    <p>Vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of megavitamin therapy?

    <p>To alleviate symptoms of certain disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of antioxidants?

    <p>To block free radical effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an eroded mucosal lesion in the central portion of the GIT?

    <p>Peptic ulcer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of peptic ulcer?

    <p>Epigastric pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of dietary management in medical nutrition therapy?

    <p>To modify the normal diet to meet specific needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the 2022 nutritional survey, what percentage of children under 5 years old are undernourished?

    <p>32%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a diet that excludes animal products, including meat, fish, and poultry?

    <p>Vegetarianism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to control protein intake?

    <p>To avoid accumulation of excessive amounts of nitrogenous waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis for determining dietary Potassium allowance?

    <p>Serum K levels, residual renal functions, drug therapy, and dialysis modality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should sodium intake be modified?

    <p>To control BP, maintain normal hydration status, and prevent CHF and pulmonary edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is fluid allowance important?

    <p>To prevent weight gain of more than 1kg/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is phosphorus intake controlled?

    <p>To reduce the risk of metastatic calcification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of hypocalcemia?

    <p>Vitamin D deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What vitamins are recommended for dialysis patients?

    <p>Folic Acid (Vitamin B9), B complex, and Vitamin C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is iron supplementation important?

    <p>Due to blood loss, blood tests should be given to patients receiving rHu EPO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily fiber intake?

    <p>20-26 g/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is anorexia nervosa characterized by?

    <p>Being underweight and refusing to eat due to fear of becoming fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of refeeding in anorexia nervosa treatment?

    <p>To restore a healthy weight and prevent relapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of dietary management in anorexia nervosa treatment?

    <p>To provide adequate nutrition and promote weight gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common physical symptom of anorexia nervosa?

    <p>Subcutaneous fat and muscle wasting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of modifying the patient's idea about food in anorexia nervosa treatment?

    <p>To improve body image and promote healthy eating habits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common psychological symptom of anorexia nervosa?

    <p>Fear of gaining weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended initial caloric intake for refeeding in anorexia nervosa treatment?

    <p>800-1200 kcal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of patient education in anorexia nervosa treatment?

    <p>To modify the patient's idea about food and normal weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common laboratory finding in anorexia nervosa?

    <p>Bradycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Kwashiorkor?

    <p>Deficiency of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of Marasmus?

    <p>Wasting and stunting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age of onset for Marasmus?

    <p>Before the age of 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a complication of Kwashiorkor?

    <p>Ascites formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of Kwashiorkor?

    <p>Edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a difference between Marasmus and Kwashiorkor?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of Marasmus?

    <p>Wasting and stunting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a complication of Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM)?

    <p>Anasarca</p> Signup and view all the answers

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