Pathology of Osteoarthritis: Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease
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Questions and Answers

What is the MAIN difference between primary and secondary osteoarthritis?

  • Primary osteoarthritis is more severe and widespread, while secondary osteoarthritis is milder and affects fewer joints.
  • Primary osteoarthritis is more common and typically affects older individuals, while secondary osteoarthritis is less common and affects younger patients.
  • Primary osteoarthritis is more inflammatory in nature, while secondary osteoarthritis is a degenerative process.
  • Primary osteoarthritis is caused by aging, while secondary osteoarthritis has an identifiable initiating cause. (correct)

    • Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of the pathology of osteoarthritis?

  • Osteoarthritis primarily affects the underlying bone, with changes in the cartilage being a secondary feature.
  • Osteoarthritis is an inflammatory joint disorder that can affect any joint in the body.
  • Osteoarthritis is caused by an imbalance between cartilage synthesis and degradation, leading to degeneration of the articular cartilage. (correct)
  • Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disorder characterized by inflammation of the joint tissues.

    • Which of the following statements about the joint distribution of osteoarthritis is MOST accurate?

  • Osteoarthritis affects the knees and hips more commonly in both men and women.
  • Osteoarthritis affects the hips and hands more commonly in both men and women.
  • Osteoarthritis affects the knees and hands more commonly in women, while the hips are more commonly affected in men. (correct)
  • Osteoarthritis affects the knees, hips, and hands equally in both men and women.

    • Which of the following statements about the prevalence of osteoarthritis is MOST accurate?

    <p>Osteoarthritis is a common joint disorder, affecting a significant portion of the population, especially those older than 65 years of age.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of the structural changes that occur in osteoarthritis?

    <p>Osteoarthritis is characterized by degeneration of the articular cartilage, with structural changes in the underlying bone being a secondary feature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) based on the provided text?

    <p>RA leads to periarticular bone erosion and pseudocysts, while OA results in fibrosis and ossification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as described in the text?

    <p>Formation of rheumatoid nodules with a central focus of fibrinoid necrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of pannus in the context of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

    <p>Pannus destroys articular cartilage and subarticular bone in joints affected by RA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What pathological feature distinguishes rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from osteoarthritis (OA) at the synovial level?

    <p>Synovial cell hyperplasia and proliferation in RA, neutrophils and fibrin in OA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does chronic papillary synovitis contribute to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

    <p>By inducing synovial cell hyperplasia and proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is correct?

    <p>RA is characterized by the activation of T_H1 and T_H17 cells, leading to the production of antibodies and cytokines like TNF.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is correct?

    <p>JRA is a group of multifactorial disorders with an unknown etiology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about gout is correct?

    <p>Gout is caused by a defect in uric acid metabolism, leading to the deposition of urate crystals in and around joints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly distinguishes between primary and secondary gout?

    <p>In primary gout, the cause of hyperuricemia is unknown or involves an inborn metabolic defect, while in secondary gout, the cause is known.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly compares the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and gout?

    <p>The pathogenesis of RA involves the activation of T_H1 and T_H17 cells, while gout is caused by a defect in uric acid metabolism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is correct?

    <p>RA is a systemic, chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease affecting multiple organs and tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis?

    <p>Activation of CD4+ helper T cells, leading to the production of cytokines that mediate inflammation and tissue damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following autoantibodies is commonly found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?

    <p>Anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the RANK ligand in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis?

    <p>It enhances the activity of osteoclasts, leading to bone destruction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is considered a major environmental risk factor for the development of rheumatoid arthritis?

    <p>Cigarette smoking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of Heberden nodes in osteoarthritis?

    <p>Prominent osteophytes at the distal interphalangeal joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of joint deformity in osteoarthritis?

    <p>Bone eburnation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom differentiates osteoarthritis from rheumatoid arthritis?

    <p>Neurologic deficits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe bony outgrowths in osteoarthritis?

    <p>Osteophytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does joint replacement typically fit into the treatment plan for osteoarthritis?

    <p>Considered in severe cases after other options have been exhausted</p> Signup and view all the answers

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