25 Questions
What is the MAIN difference between primary and secondary osteoarthritis?
Primary osteoarthritis is caused by aging, while secondary osteoarthritis has an identifiable initiating cause.
Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of the pathology of osteoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis is caused by an imbalance between cartilage synthesis and degradation, leading to degeneration of the articular cartilage.
Which of the following statements about the joint distribution of osteoarthritis is MOST accurate?
Osteoarthritis affects the knees and hands more commonly in women, while the hips are more commonly affected in men.
Which of the following statements about the prevalence of osteoarthritis is MOST accurate?
Osteoarthritis is a common joint disorder, affecting a significant portion of the population, especially those older than 65 years of age.
Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of the structural changes that occur in osteoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis is characterized by degeneration of the articular cartilage, with structural changes in the underlying bone being a secondary feature.
What is the main difference between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) based on the provided text?
RA leads to periarticular bone erosion and pseudocysts, while OA results in fibrosis and ossification.
Which feature is characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as described in the text?
Formation of rheumatoid nodules with a central focus of fibrinoid necrosis
What is the significance of pannus in the context of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
Pannus destroys articular cartilage and subarticular bone in joints affected by RA.
What pathological feature distinguishes rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from osteoarthritis (OA) at the synovial level?
Synovial cell hyperplasia and proliferation in RA, neutrophils and fibrin in OA
How does chronic papillary synovitis contribute to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
By inducing synovial cell hyperplasia and proliferation
Which of the following statements about rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is correct?
RA is characterized by the activation of T_H1 and T_H17 cells, leading to the production of antibodies and cytokines like TNF.
Which of the following statements about juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is correct?
JRA is a group of multifactorial disorders with an unknown etiology.
Which of the following statements about gout is correct?
Gout is caused by a defect in uric acid metabolism, leading to the deposition of urate crystals in and around joints.
Which of the following statements correctly distinguishes between primary and secondary gout?
In primary gout, the cause of hyperuricemia is unknown or involves an inborn metabolic defect, while in secondary gout, the cause is known.
Which of the following statements correctly compares the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and gout?
The pathogenesis of RA involves the activation of T_H1 and T_H17 cells, while gout is caused by a defect in uric acid metabolism.
Which of the following statements about rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is correct?
RA is a systemic, chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease affecting multiple organs and tissues.
What is the primary mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis?
Activation of CD4+ helper T cells, leading to the production of cytokines that mediate inflammation and tissue damage.
Which of the following autoantibodies is commonly found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
Anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA)
What is the role of the RANK ligand in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis?
It enhances the activity of osteoclasts, leading to bone destruction.
Which of the following factors is considered a major environmental risk factor for the development of rheumatoid arthritis?
Cigarette smoking
What is a characteristic feature of Heberden nodes in osteoarthritis?
Prominent osteophytes at the distal interphalangeal joints
What is the main cause of joint deformity in osteoarthritis?
Bone eburnation
Which symptom differentiates osteoarthritis from rheumatoid arthritis?
Neurologic deficits
What is the term used to describe bony outgrowths in osteoarthritis?
Osteophytes
How does joint replacement typically fit into the treatment plan for osteoarthritis?
Considered in severe cases after other options have been exhausted
Explore the pathological features of osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disorder that is common among individuals older than 65 years. Learn about chondrocytes, cartilage degeneration, and the impact on joint movement and weight absorption.
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