Quiz

Hip Pathology and Impairments

• The hip joint is involved in various functional activities such as walking, sitting to stand, and going up and down stairs.
• Functional scales like the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and Harris Hip Function Scale are used to assess hip function.
• Osteoarthritis is the most common condition affecting the hip joint in adults and is characterized by limited range of motion, stiffness, and pain.
• Stretching, strengthening exercises, and aerobic activities are commonly used in the treatment of hip osteoarthritis.
• Hip osteoarthritis can be diagnosed through limited range of motion, joint crepitus, and pain in the groin area during activity.
• Other conditions that may present similar symptoms to hip osteoarthritis include avascular necrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and stress fractures.
• Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease is a condition that affects the blood supply to the femoral head in growing children, leading to osteonecrosis and subsequent stages of bone resorption and reossification.
• Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis is characterized by posterior and inferior slippage of the proximal femoral epiphysis on the femoral neck, primarily affecting adolescents.
• Femoro-Acetabular Impingement (FAI) is a mechanical disorder of the hip joint caused by abnormal bone shapes in the femoral head or acetabulum, leading to impingement during hip flexion.
• Labral tears in the hip joint can be caused by trauma, femoro-acetabular impingement, or capsular laxity.
• Diagnosis of labral tears is done through a combination of patient history, symptoms, and imaging techniques such as MRI.
• Treatment for labral tears can be non-operative, focusing on physical therapy to reduce hip forces and increase muscle strength, or surgical, with arthroscopic repair or debridement.