38 Questions
What is the result of dilatation of lymphatics in inflammation?
Increased lymph flow
What are the two processes of cellular responses in acute inflammation?
Exudation of leucocytes and phagocytosis
What is the first step of leukocytic exudation?
Margination or pavementation
What type of molecules mediates the rolling of leukocytes?
Selectin
What is the function of integrins in leukocytic exudation?
Firmly sticks leukocytes to endothelial cells
What is the term for the passive passage of RBCs to the area of inflammation?
Diapedesis
What is the term for the movement of motile white cells from the blood vessels to the perivascular tissue?
Emigration
What is the term for the attraction of leucocytes towards the site of injury?
Chemotaxis
What is the main purpose of delivering leukocytes and mediators to the site of injury?
To deliver leukocytes and mediators to the site of injury by the blood stream
What is the result of the local vascular reaction in acute inflammation?
Transient vasoconstriction followed by vasodilatation
What is the main cause of slowing of blood stream in acute inflammation?
All of the above
What is the primary mechanism of formation of fluid exudate in acute inflammation?
All of the above
What is the characteristic of the fluid inflammatory exudate in terms of protein content?
High protein content (4-8 gm%)
What is the function of the fibrin network in the inflammatory response?
All of the above
What is the result of contraction of endothelial cells in acute inflammation?
Increased vascular permeability
What is the role of high fibrinogen in the inflammatory response?
To form a network that helps movement of acute inflammatory cells
What is the primary goal of inflammation in response to an injury?
To eliminate or limit the spread of the injurious agent
What is the main difference between acute and chronic inflammation?
Acute inflammation has a short duration, while chronic inflammation has a long duration
Which of the following is an example of a physical agent that can cause inflammation?
Excessive heat
What is the suffix used to denote inflammation in medical terminology?
itis
What is the term for the immediate response of living tissue to an injury?
Acute inflammation
What is the primary function of opsonins in phagocytosis?
Facilitation of attachment
Which of the following is a characteristic of chronic inflammation?
Gradual onset
What is the process of engulfment in phagocytosis characterized by?
Formation of pseudopods around the injurious agent
What is the role of inflammation in achieving healing and repair?
It prepares the affected tissue for repair
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism involved in killing and degradation of microorganisms in phagocytosis?
Chemotaxis
What is the term for the fluid that accumulates at the site of inflammation as a result of increased permeability of blood vessels?
Exudate
What is the term for the process of cell movement in response to chemical stimuli?
Chemotaxis
What is the resulting structure formed after the fusion of a phagocytic vacuole with lysosomal granules?
Phagolysozome
What is the role of C5a in leukocytic exudation?
Chemotactic factor
What is the primary cause of redness in acute inflammation?
Vascular dilatation
Which of the following is a result of leukocytosis?
Increased number of leukocytes
What is the primary cause of pain in acute inflammation?
Direct action of chemical mediators on sensory nerve endings
Which of the following is a characteristic of chronic infections?
Lymphocytosis
What is the primary cause of fever in acute inflammation?
Action of cytokines on the thermoregulatory centre of the hypothalamus
What is the result of resolution in acute inflammation?
Complete restoration of the inflamed area to the normal state
What is the primary cause of anemia in acute inflammation?
Toxic depression of the bone marrow
What is the result of reactive hyperplasia in acute inflammation?
Reactive hyperplasia of the draining lymph nodes
This quiz covers the definition and role of inflammation, its causes, types, and signs. It also explores acute inflammatory reactions, exudate, and transudate, as well as the mechanism of leukocyte extravasation.
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