Pathology Lecture 2: Inflammation

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Questions and Answers

What is the result of dilatation of lymphatics in inflammation?

  • No change in lymph flow
  • Lymph flow stops
  • Decreased lymph flow
  • Increased lymph flow (correct)

What are the two processes of cellular responses in acute inflammation?

  • Inflammation and repair
  • Exudation of platelets and erythrocytes
  • Exudation of leucocytes and phagocytosis (correct)
  • Lymphatic and blood flow regulation

What is the first step of leukocytic exudation?

  • Rolling
  • Emigration
  • Adhesion
  • Margination or pavementation (correct)

What type of molecules mediates the rolling of leukocytes?

<p>Selectin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of integrins in leukocytic exudation?

<p>Firmly sticks leukocytes to endothelial cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the passive passage of RBCs to the area of inflammation?

<p>Diapedesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of motile white cells from the blood vessels to the perivascular tissue?

<p>Emigration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the attraction of leucocytes towards the site of injury?

<p>Chemotaxis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of delivering leukocytes and mediators to the site of injury?

<p>To deliver leukocytes and mediators to the site of injury by the blood stream (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the local vascular reaction in acute inflammation?

<p>Transient vasoconstriction followed by vasodilatation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of slowing of blood stream in acute inflammation?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of formation of fluid exudate in acute inflammation?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the fluid inflammatory exudate in terms of protein content?

<p>High protein content (4-8 gm%) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the fibrin network in the inflammatory response?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of contraction of endothelial cells in acute inflammation?

<p>Increased vascular permeability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of high fibrinogen in the inflammatory response?

<p>To form a network that helps movement of acute inflammatory cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of inflammation in response to an injury?

<p>To eliminate or limit the spread of the injurious agent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between acute and chronic inflammation?

<p>Acute inflammation has a short duration, while chronic inflammation has a long duration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a physical agent that can cause inflammation?

<p>Excessive heat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the suffix used to denote inflammation in medical terminology?

<p>itis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the immediate response of living tissue to an injury?

<p>Acute inflammation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of opsonins in phagocytosis?

<p>Facilitation of attachment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of chronic inflammation?

<p>Gradual onset (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of engulfment in phagocytosis characterized by?

<p>Formation of pseudopods around the injurious agent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of inflammation in achieving healing and repair?

<p>It prepares the affected tissue for repair (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism involved in killing and degradation of microorganisms in phagocytosis?

<p>Chemotaxis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the fluid that accumulates at the site of inflammation as a result of increased permeability of blood vessels?

<p>Exudate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of cell movement in response to chemical stimuli?

<p>Chemotaxis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the resulting structure formed after the fusion of a phagocytic vacuole with lysosomal granules?

<p>Phagolysozome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of C5a in leukocytic exudation?

<p>Chemotactic factor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of redness in acute inflammation?

<p>Vascular dilatation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a result of leukocytosis?

<p>Increased number of leukocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of pain in acute inflammation?

<p>Direct action of chemical mediators on sensory nerve endings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of chronic infections?

<p>Lymphocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of fever in acute inflammation?

<p>Action of cytokines on the thermoregulatory centre of the hypothalamus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of resolution in acute inflammation?

<p>Complete restoration of the inflamed area to the normal state (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of anemia in acute inflammation?

<p>Toxic depression of the bone marrow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of reactive hyperplasia in acute inflammation?

<p>Reactive hyperplasia of the draining lymph nodes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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