Overview of Point-Of-Care Testing Concept
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary objective of Point-Of-Care testing and specimen-obtaining procedures?

  • Speed of obtaining results
  • Avoiding patient discomfort
  • Cost-effectiveness
  • Providing information quickly to the healthcare provider (correct)

    • Which of the following procedures are commonly used for Point-Of-Care testing specimen collection?

  • CT scan
  • MRI scanning
  • Blood sample collection (correct)
  • Eye examination

    • What can a Point-Of-Care test for a sore throat using a throat swab provide evidence of?

  • Bacterial infection presence (correct)
  • Allergies
  • Chronic pain
  • Viral infection presence

    • Why does Point-Of-Care testing focus on safety and specimen viability?

    <p>To ensure accurate and reliable diagnostic results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can Point-Of-Care testing contribute to more positive health outcomes?

    <p>By providing quick access to diagnostic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the letters 'C' and 'T' represent on the pink lines?

    <p>Control and Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must appear where the 'C' is marked on the test?

    <p>A solid line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'S' along the bottom of the test represent?

    <p>Sample well</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a benefit of using a capillary puncture over a venipuncture?

    <p>Less invasive and requires less blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum depth for a finger capillary puncture?

    <p>3.0 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended site for a heel capillary puncture?

    <p>On the plantar (bottom) portion of the heel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to warm the puncture site before performing a capillary puncture?

    <p>To increase blood flow and ensure an adequate sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common Point-of-Care Test (POCT)?

    <p>Complete blood count (CBC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should finger capillary punctures never be performed on newborn infants?

    <p>The underlying bone is too close to the surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended technique for increasing blood flow at the puncture site if warming is not practical?

    <p>Massaging the area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of quality controls in Point-of-Care Testing (POCT)?

    <p>To measure and ensure accuracy and reliability of tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should quality controls be performed in POCT?

    <p>Prior to testing or during testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of using expired equipment in POCT?

    <p>It may result in an inaccurate diagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are internal controls necessary in POCT?

    <p>To test the reliability of individual test cartridges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can one find specific manufacturer guidelines for POCT devices?

    <p>In each testing equipment's manual or instruction pamphlet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if external controls are not documented on a test kit box in POCT?

    <p>Wait to confirm before using any tests from that batch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the result be for the positive control in External Controls?

    <p><strong>Positive</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do some POC devices require system checks or calibrations?

    <p><strong>To ensure accuracy and reliability</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Because individual test cartridges may be damaged during manufacturing, stored improperly, mishandled or for whatever other reason...' What is this statement referring to?

    <p><strong>The need for internal controls</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Each test cartridge which receives a specimen will be testing two things—the patient’s specimen, and itself for reliability.' What does this imply?

    <p><strong>The significance of internal controls</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be used to clean the capillary puncture site?

    <p>Isopropyl alcohol pad</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do after performing a capillary puncture to allow blood drops to well up freely?

    <p>Apply gentle pressure on the finger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should one not squeeze the finger with more than gentle pressure after a capillary puncture?

    <p>To avoid diluting blood with tissue fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should the lancet be placed when performing a capillary puncture?

    <p>Perpendicular to the whorls of the fingerprint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to allow alcohol to dry completely before a capillary puncture?

    <p>To prevent red blood cell hemolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if the puncture site is not on a fleshy part of the finger?

    <p>Change the finger for the puncture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should blood collection occur after a capillary puncture?

    <p>'As quickly as possible'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if you excessively squeeze or 'milk' the finger after a capillary puncture?

    <p>'Specimen validity may be compromised'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Point-Of-Care (POC) testing?

    <p>To diagnose patients quickly and initiate treatment promptly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary objectives of POC testing and specimen-obtaining procedures?

    <p>Safety, specimen viability, and patient experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following specimens can be used for POC testing?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to focus on safety and specimen viability in POC testing?

    <p>To ensure accurate test results and patient safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can POC testing potentially contribute to, according to the text?

    <p>Increased patient satisfaction and more positive health outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the MonoSpot Point-Of-Care test?

    <p>To help diagnose infectious mononucleosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in performing the MonoSpot POC test for infectious mononucleosis?

    <p>Gather all materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the blood specimen be collected for the MonoSpot test?

    <p>Touching the tip of the pipette to the sample to obtain the whole blood specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should happen at the Control position 'C' on the test cassette?

    <p>Both a and c</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive test result for the MonoSpot test indicate?

    <p>The patient has infectious mononucleosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended time frame for reading the results of the MonoSpot test?

    <p>After 8 minutes, but before 15 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a medical assistant do after obtaining the MonoSpot test results?

    <p>Record the results in the patient's medical record</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of quality controls in Point-of-Care Testing (POCT)?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if quality control checks are not documented on the test kit box?

    <p>Contact the manufacturer for guidance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of using a capillary puncture over a venipuncture for Point-of-Care testing?

    <p>Less pain for the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of performing external controls in Point-of-Care Testing (POCT)?

    <p>To test the reliability of an entire kit, box or batch of tests for a specific lot number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if the results of external controls are not documented on a test kit box in POCT?

    <p>Perform the external controls before using any tests from the box</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are internal controls necessary in Point-of-Care Testing (POCT)?

    <p>To test the reliability of individual test cartridges or strips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if expired equipment is used in Point-of-Care Testing (POCT)?

    <p>The test results should be discarded and cannot be viewed as reliable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if the puncture site for a capillary puncture is not on a fleshy part of the finger?

    <p>Choose a different finger for the puncture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common Point-of-Care Test (POCT)?

    <p>Genetic testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum depth for a finger capillary puncture?

    <p>2.0 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if you excessively squeeze or 'milk' the finger after a capillary puncture?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of Point-Of-Care testing and specimen-obtaining procedures?

    <p>To obtain accurate and reliable test results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do after performing a capillary puncture to allow blood drops to well up freely?

    <p>Do not touch the finger until blood drops form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'C' stand for in the capillary puncture device?

    <p>Control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is a solid line required to appear where the 'C' is marked on the test?

    <p>To indicate that the patient's specimen is reliable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common Point-Of-Care Test (POCT) that utilizes a capillary puncture procedure?

    <p>Blood glucose testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should finger capillary punctures not be performed on newborn infants?

    <p>Because of the close proximity of the underlying bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the recommended site for a heel capillary puncture on an infant younger than 18 months old?

    <p>The side of the heel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary to ensure that the capillary puncture site is warm before obtaining blood?

    <p>To guarantee dilated skin vessels for better blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided when performing a finger capillary puncture procedure?

    <p>Puncturing on the side or tip of the finger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should a puncture not exceed 3.0mm deep when performing a finger capillary puncture?

    <p>To ensure accurate test results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial aspect to ensure after performing a capillary puncture to allow blood drops to well up freely?

    <p>Not squeezing or milking the finger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a finger capillary puncture procedure in Point-Of-Care (POC) Testing?

    <p>To obtain a blood specimen for testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should one not excessively squeeze or 'milk' the finger after a capillary puncture?

    <p>To dilute the blood with tissue fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of keeping the punctured finger below heart level during blood collection?

    <p>To aid in blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it recommended to allow alcohol to dry completely before performing a capillary puncture?

    <p>To avoid red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if the capillary puncture site is on the side of a finger pad?

    <p>Perform another puncture immediately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of test is commonly used to diagnose infectious mononucleosis caused by the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)?

    <p>POC MonoSpot test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom commonly associated with infectious mononucleosis?

    <p>Pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should one wipe away the first drop of blood after a capillary puncture?

    <p>To prevent contamination from tissue fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if the lancet blade is not placed perpendicular to the fingerprint whorls during a capillary puncture?

    <p>Insufficient blood collection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of dressing the capillary puncture site after collecting a blood specimen?

    <p>To prevent contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Point-Of-Care testing means performing diagnostic testing on a patient, and receiving immediate ______, at the time of service.

    <p>results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    POC Testing and specimen-obtaining procedures have the same primary objectives: ______, specimen viability, and patient experience.

    <p>safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a patient comes into an office with a sore throat, a ______ of the back of the throat can be used in a Point-Of-Care test to provide evidence of the presence or absence of a streptococcal specimen.

    <p>swab</p> Signup and view all the answers

    These services can provide information quickly to the ______, which can hurry along treatment, recovery, and more positive health outcomes.

    <p>provider</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In this introductory section, ______ and specimen viability are discussed, as it directly correlates to common concepts and testing requirements that all POC Testing procedures share.

    <p>safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Perform all tasks in a ______ area

    <p>safe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Discard waste into appropriate receptacle in accordance with clinic ______

    <p>policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quality Control are methods to measure and ensure accuracy and ______ of tests

    <p>reliability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All POC Tests have very specific manufacturer guidelines on how to perform quality control checks, set up devices, testing, responding to error codes or test failures, ______, and contact information for service and technical support

    <p>troubleshooting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    External Controls will test an entire kit, box or batch of tests for the entire lot number’s ______

    <p>reliability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Internal Controls are performed in many cases by the testing device itself, all while testing the ______ specimen

    <p>patient’s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Each individual test must also be tested to ensure ______

    <p>reliability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Because individual test cartridges may be damaged during manufacturing, stored improperly, mishandled or for whatever other reason, it is entirely possible that an individual test cartridge may be ______ while the remaining cartridges in the box are reliable

    <p>faulty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is simply not enough to test the Lot number of the entire batch, each individual test must also be tested to ensure ______

    <p>reliability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Said a similar way, each test cartridge which receives a specimen will be testing two things—the ______ specimen, and itself for reliability

    <p>patient’s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After the site is sufficiently ______, clean the site with disposable antiseptic.

    <p>warmed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is required that a sterile, ______, disposable lancet be used for performing the capillary puncture.

    <p>retractable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The student will perform a finger capillary puncture procedure with the purpose of obtaining a blood specimen for ______ Testing.

    <p>Point-Of-Care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The capillary puncture site should be free of ______, lesion, injury or sign of infection.

    <p>rash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alcohol that has not dried may cause red blood cell (RBC) ______ and other cellular damage.

    <p>hemolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Place the lancet down firmly onto the site, with the blade ______ to the whorls of the fingerprint.

    <p>perpendicular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Infectious mononucleosis, or "mono", is a contagious disease most commonly caused by the ______ Virus (EBV).

    <p>Epstein-Barr</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a mono infection is suspected or must be ruled out, a healthcare provider may order a POC (Point Of Care) ______ test.

    <p>MonoSpot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The MonoSpot test is an ______ test which uses whole blood to test for the presence of specific heterophile antibodies against EBV.

    <p>immunoassay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the CDC, "most people will become ______ with the EBV virus at some point in their lives."

    <p>infected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The student will perform a ______ puncture procedure with the purpose of obtaining a blood specimen for Point-Of-Care Mononucleosis Testing.

    <p>finger capillary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The MonoSpot Point-Of-Care test can be used to help a healthcare provider diagnose ______ mononucleosis.

    <p>infectious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    McKesson MonoSpot testing equipment, including immunoassay ______, are not refrigerated.

    <p>cassettes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Holding the transfer pipette horizontally, touch the tip of the pipette to the ______ obtain whole blood specimen.

    <p>sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Align the tip of the pipette over the upper area of the ______ well of the cassette, and squeeze the bulb to expel the specimen.

    <p>sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Read results after ______ minutes, but before 15 minutes.

    <p>8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A distinct colored horizontal band should always appear at the ______ position 'C' if the test has been performed correctly.

    <p>Control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A positive test result may be read as soon as a distinct colored horizontal band appears at the ______ Position 'T' and at the Control Position.

    <p>Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Many patient conditions can alter test results, such as other disease states (leukemia, rheumatoid ______, more).

    <p>arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Medical Assistants are not to offer any ______ or interpretive statements regarding mononucleosis POC test results.

    <p>diagnostic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ stands for Control, which refers to this individual test's Internal Control.

    <p>C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ stands for Test.

    <p>T</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ along the bottom is the sample well, where the specimen is deposited.

    <p>S</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Capillary punctures should be performed on the ______ portion of the distal phalanx on the palmar surface.

    <p>fleshy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The depth of the ______ puncture must not exceed 3.0mm.

    <p>finger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ curvature of the heel must be avoided because the calcaneus bone is located very close to the surface.

    <p>posterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Immersion in warm (not hot) water, or by wrapping the area in a warm ______ for 5 minutes can help increase blood flow.

    <p>towel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ______ puncture may be more desirable to a venipuncture technique when small quantities of blood are required.

    <p>capillary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ site for capillary puncture technique for infants and children younger than 18 months old is the bottom of the heel.

    <p>alternative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The first drop of blood after a capillary puncture should be ______ away.

    <p>wiped</p> Signup and view all the answers

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