Overview of Animal Anatomy and Physiology
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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'medial' indicate about a structure's position?

  • It is situated above the head.
  • It is located at the surface of the body.
  • It is located far from the median plane.
  • It is located near the median plane. (correct)

In terms of limb anatomy, what does 'proximal' mean?

  • Close to the attached end. (correct)
  • Near the surface of the body.
  • In the direction away from the center.
  • Far from the attached end.

Which term describes movement toward the median plane?

  • Protraction
  • Eversion
  • Abduction
  • Adduction (correct)

What does 'superficial' mean in anatomical terms?

<p>At the surface of the body. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action is characterized by a decrease in the angle at a joint?

<p>Flexion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to describe a movement away from the midline of the body?

<p>Abduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'caudal' refer to in anatomical positioning?

<p>Near the tail. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'macroscopic anatomy' refer to?

<p>Anatomy observed with the naked eye (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which directional term refers to the belly side of an animal?

<p>Ventral (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which plane divides the body into left and right parts?

<p>Sagittal plane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is comparative anatomy primarily concerned with?

<p>Characteristics aiding in classification of various species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'anatomy' specifically focus on in animals?

<p>The forms and structures of organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a plane that runs horizontally, dividing the body into upper and lower parts?

<p>Transverse plane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In anatomical terms, which of the following correctly describes the term 'dorsal'?

<p>Toward the back or upper surface (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is 'physiology' best defined in relation to anatomy?

<p>It studies the functions of the body or its structures. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Anatomy

The scientific study of the forms and structures of organisms.

Physiology

The scientific study of the functions of body parts or their processes.

Plane (Anatomy)

An imaginary flat surface that divides the body into sections.

Median Plane

Divides the body into equal left and right halves.

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Sagittal Plane

Divides the body into unequal left and right sections, parallel to the median plane.

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Transverse Plane

Divides the body into cranial (head) and caudal (tail) sections.

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Dorsal Plane

Divides the body into dorsal (top) and ventral (bottom) sections.

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Dorsal

Towards the back of the body.

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Ventral

Towards the belly of the body.

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Medial

Toward or relatively near the median plane. Imagine a line dividing your body in half, medial refers to structures closer to this imaginary line.

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Lateral

Away from or farther from the median plane. Structures on the outside, relative to the center of the body.

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Abduction

A motion where a body part moves away from the median plane, like raising your arm out to the side.

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Adduction

A motion where a body part moves towards the median plane. Bringing your arms back down to your sides.

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Flexion

Angle formed at a joint decreases, like bending your elbow.

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Extension

Angle formed at a joint increases, like straightening your arm.

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Palmar

Describes the surface of the forepaw that touches the ground. This surface is on the 'palm' side of the foot.

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Study Notes

Overview of Animal Anatomy and Physiology

  • Animal Anatomy and Physiology studies the life-supporting properties, functions, and processes of animals and their parts.
  • It's an experimental scientific discipline vital to medicine and related health sciences.

Anatomy

  • Anatomy is the science of organism forms and structures.

Physiology

  • Physiology studies the functions of body structures.

Latin - Anatomy

  • "Ana" means "again" or "back"
  • "Tome" means "to cut"
  • Anatomy is the study of animal body structure and the relationships between its parts.

Fields of Anatomy

  • Macroscopic Anatomy (Gross Anatomy): Observed with the naked eye; involves dissection. Studies organs and organ systems. Sub-types include systemic and regional anatomy.
  • Microscopic Anatomy: Visualized using a microscope; studies cells and tissues.

Comparative Anatomy

  • The study of various animal species, focusing on characteristics useful for classification.

Basic Anatomical Terms

  • Planes: Imaginary surfaces along which 2 points can be connected by a straight line. Types include: median, sagittal, transverse (or segmental), and dorsal (or frontal) planes.

  • Directional Terms: Describe locations relative to other structures. Examples include:

    • Dorsal: Towards the back, top or upper surface. In limbs, the front surface.
    • Ventral: Towards the belly, bottom or lower surface.
    • Medial: Towards the median plane.
    • Lateral: Away from the median plane.
    • Cranial: Towards the head.
    • Caudal: Towards the tail.
    • Rostral: Towards the nose or mouth.
    • Proximal: Near the point of attachment.
    • Distal: Farther from the point of attachment.
    • Palmar: Surface of the forepaw facing downwards.
    • Plantar: Surface of the hindpaw facing downwards.

  • Internal: Close to or within the center of a hollow organ or body cavity.

  • External: Away from the center of a hollow organ or body cavity.

  • Superficial: Relatively near the surface of the body or organ.

  • Deep: Relatively near the center of the body or organ.

Basic Movements of Body Parts

  • Flexion: Decreasing the angle at a joint, bending or folding.
  • Extension: Increasing the angle at a joint, straightening or extending.
  • Abduction: Movement away from the median plane.
  • Adduction: Movement towards the median plane.

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Animal Anatomy and Physiology PDF

Description

This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of animal anatomy and physiology, examining the structure and functions of various body parts. It covers macroscopic and microscopic anatomy, as well as comparative anatomy's role in classification. Test your knowledge on the life-supporting processes that are essential to medicine and health sciences.

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