Orthotic Examination & Evaluation - Prosthetics and Orthotics
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Questions and Answers

What is a common orthotic cause of toe drag during the swing phase of gait?

  • Pes equinus
  • Inadequate PF stop (correct)
  • Extensor synergy
  • Weak hip flexors
  • Which orthotic cause may result in hip hiking during the swing phase of gait?

  • Inadequate plantarflexion (PF) stop
  • Inadequate dorsiflexion (DF) assist (correct)
  • Pes equinus
  • Knee lock
  • What is a potential anatomical cause for vaulting during the swing phase of gait?

  • Extensor spasticity
  • Short contralateral lower extremity (LE) (correct)
  • Weak dorsiflexors (DFs)
  • Weak hip flexors
  • During the late stance phase of gait, what anatomical cause may lead to delayed or absent weight transfer over the forefoot?

    <p>Weak plantarflexors (PFs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which orthotic cause is associated with ineffective transition during the late stance phase of gait?

    <p>Plantarflexion (PF) stop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical cause may contribute to circumduction during the swing phase of gait?

    <p>Weak hip flexors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of the static examination during orthotic evaluation?

    <p>To examine the orthosis while standing and sitting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical cause can lead to a 'toes first' gait deviation in early stance?

    <p>Extensor spasticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inadequate traction from the sole can be a cause of which gait deviation observed during early stance?

    <p>Foot flat contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could be an orthotic cause leading to excessive knee flexion in early stance?

    <p>Inadequate knee lock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical cause might result in knee hyperextension during early stance?

    <p>Knee ligament laxity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What orthotic cause could lead to trunk flexion in early stance?

    <p>Inadequate knee lock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a patient demonstrates excessive medial/lateral foot contact in early stance, what anatomical cause could be contributing?

    <p>Genu valgus (varum)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential issue can arise if there is an excessively deep calf band in an orthosis during early stance?

    <p>Knee/hip flexion contracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could be a contributing anatomical cause for 'toes first' gait deviation in early stance?

    <p>Pes equinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What orthotic cause could lead to 'foot slap' during early stance?

    <p>Weak DF's</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical cause might lead to excessive knee flexion in early stance?

    <p>Pes equinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What orthotic cause could result in excessive knee flexion in early stance?

    <p>Inadequate knee lock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Gait Deviations and Orthotic Causes

    • A common orthotic cause of toe drag during the swing phase of gait is inadequate toe spring or toe box height.
    • Inadequate medial or lateral wedging may result in hip hiking during the swing phase of gait.

    Vaulting and Anatomical Causes

    • A potential anatomical cause for vaulting during the swing phase of gait is a plantarflexed first ray or a tight gastrocnemius.

    Weight Transfer and Anatomical Causes

    • During the late stance phase of gait, an anatomical cause that may lead to delayed or absent weight transfer over the forefoot is a plantarflexed first ray or a tight gastrocnemius.

    Transition and Orthotic Causes

    • An orthotic cause associated with ineffective transition during the late stance phase of gait is inadequate heel-to-toe offset.

    Circumduction and Anatomical Causes

    • An anatomical cause that may contribute to circumduction during the swing phase of gait is a tight iliopsoas or a hip flexion contracture.

    Static Examination and Objectives

    • The main objective of the static examination during orthotic evaluation is to identify any anatomical or structural abnormalities.

    Gait Deviations and Anatomical Causes

    • An anatomical cause that can lead to a 'toes first' gait deviation in early stance is a tight gastrocnemius or a plantarflexed first ray.
    • Inadequate traction from the sole can be a cause of 'toes first' gait deviation observed during early stance.

    Orthotic Causes and Gait Deviations

    • An orthotic cause leading to excessive knee flexion in early stance is inadequate stance phase knee extension.
    • An anatomical cause that might result in knee hyperextension during early stance is a tight hamstring or a weak quadriceps.
    • An orthotic cause that could lead to trunk flexion in early stance is inadequate stance phase hip extension.
    • Excessive medial/lateral foot contact in early stance can be contributed by an anatomical cause such as a tight or weak peroneal muscle.

    Calf Band and Orthotic Causes

    • An excessively deep calf band in an orthosis during early stance can lead to a 'toes first' gait deviation.
    • An orthotic cause that could lead to 'foot slap' during early stance is inadequate stance phase ankle dorsiflexion.

    Anatomical and Orthotic Causes

    • An anatomical cause that could contribute to 'toes first' gait deviation in early stance is a tight gastrocnemius or a plantarflexed first ray.
    • An orthotic cause that could result in excessive knee flexion in early stance is inadequate stance phase knee extension.

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    Description

    Learn about the components of the orthotic checkout, the significance of the static examination, and potential causes of gait deviations in the field of prosthetics and orthotics.

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