Organophosphates Intoxication Study
8 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of atropine in organophosphate intoxication?

  • To cause respiratory distress
  • To act as a muscarinic antagonist (correct)
  • To inhibit cholinesterase activity
  • To increase salivation
  • Which of the following is NOT a symptom of organophosphate intoxication?

  • Blurred vision
  • Increased lacrimation
  • Muscle rigidity (correct)
  • Diarrhea
  • What effect does PAM (pralidoxime methiodide) have in the detoxication process?

  • It induces seizures
  • It acts as a muscle relaxant
  • It blocks nicotinic receptors
  • It reactivates cholinesterase (correct)
  • What is one of the muscarinic effects of organophosphate intoxication?

    <p>Bradycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a CNS effect of organophosphate intoxication?

    <p>Seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the experimental procedure, what should be observed after administering DDV to the rabbit?

    <p>Obvious intoxication symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an expected symptom of the gastrointestinal effects of organophosphate intoxication?

    <p>Fecal incontinence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the administration of atropine affect the muscarinic symptoms of organophosphate intoxication?

    <p>It alleviates hypersalivation and fecal incontinence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Organophosphates Intoxication and Detoxification

    • Organophosphates induce intoxication by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
    • AChE breaks down acetylcholine (ACh)
    • Inhibition leads to an accumulation of ACh
    • Accumulation over-stimulates muscarinic and nicotinic receptors
    • This results in a range of symptoms

    Experimental Purposes

    • To understand the symptoms of organophosphate intoxication.
    • To determine the effectiveness of atropine and pralidoxime methiodide (PAM) in detoxifying organophosphates.
    • To compare the effectiveness of atropine and PAM.

    Experimental Principle

    • Understanding the mechanism and symptoms of organophosphate-induced intoxication
    • Understanding the mechanism of action of antidotes.

    Mechanism of Organophosphate Intoxication

    • Acetylcholine (ACh) is broken down by acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
    • Organophosphates inhibit AChE
    • Acetylcholine accumulates in the body
    • Receptors are overstimulated leading to symptoms
    • Symptoms fall into two categories: muscarinic and nicotinic

    Muscarinic Effects

    • Blurred vision (miosis)
    • Increased lacrimation (tears)
    • Bradycardia (slow heart rate)
    • Hypotension (low blood pressure)
    • Severe respiratory distress
    • Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain
    • Diarrhea, fecal incontinence
    • Urine incontinence

    Nicotinic Symptoms

    • Hypertension (high blood pressure)
    • Decreased muscle tension, muscular twitching

    CNS effects

    • Anxiety
    • Seizures
    • Coma

    Antidotes and their Mechanisms

    • Atropine: Muscarinic antagonist.
    • Reverses muscarinic symptoms (miosis, hypersalivation, incontinence, cardiovascular inhibition)
    • PAM: Cholinesterase reactivator.
    • Restores cholinesterase activity, breaking down excess acetylcholine

    Experimental Materials

    • Animal: Rabbit (2-3kg)
    • Instruments: Rabbit cage, syringes
    • Drugs:
      • 0.08% dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate (DDV)
      • 0.1% atropine
      • 2.5% PAM

    Experimental Procedure

    • Weigh the rabbit, and monitor normal indices (respiration, pupils, salivation, feces, urine, muscle tension, muscle twitching)
    • Administer 0.08% DDV intramuscularly (1ml/kg)
    • Observe changes in indices
    • If obvious symptoms (seizures) develop, administer atropine intravenously (1mg/kg)
    • Observe changes in indices
    • If M symptoms resolve, administer PAM intravenously (2mg/kg)
    • Record changes of indices

    Results and Analysis

    • Data collection on rabbit responses after intoxication, treatment with atropine, and treatment with PAM.
    • Analysis of data is needed.

    Questions

    • Mechanisms of organophosphate poisoning
    • Detoxification mechanisms of atropine and PAM

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Description

    This quiz explores the effects of organophosphates on the body, focusing on intoxication mechanisms and symptoms. It also examines the effectiveness of antidotes such as atropine and pralidoxime methiodide in detoxification. Test your understanding of these critical concepts in toxicology.

    More Like This

    Intoxicación por Organofosforados
    42 questions
    Organophosphate Intoxication and Detoxification
    8 questions
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser