14 Questions
Where is the bulk of the human genome contained?
Within a set of linear chromosomes in the cell nucleus
How many genes are encoded by DNA in the human genome?
20,000 to 25,000 genes
What is the ploidy of most somatic cells in the human body?
Diploid
What percentage of all proteins within the human proteome do microRNAs appear to regulate?
30%
How many genes within the human genome are involved in genome maintenance?
5,000
How many chromosomes make up the entire haploid genome of a human cell?
$23$ (22 somatic and 1 sex) chromosomes
What is the approximate number of genes involved in signal transduction within the human genome?
4,000
Which type of DNA sequences do not encode proteins but make up at least 50% of the human genome?
Satellite DNA
What is the main function of Satellite DNA sequences?
Maintain chromosome structure and dynamics
Which class do LINES and SINES fall into?
Repeat sequences
What is the approximate size range of SINES (short interspersed elements)?
90-500 bp
What percentage of the genome encodes instructions for the synthesis of proteins?
2%
What is the main indication that the human genome is continually undergoing change?
Pseudogenes
What type of pseudogene arises from an abnormal adjunct to gene expression?
Processed pseudogene
Learn about the physical organization of the human genome, including the compartments within which it is contained and the genetic material it encodes. Gain insights into the linear chromosomes within the cell nucleus and the mitochondrial DNA.
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