42 Questions
What is the number of pairs of chromosomes in an oogonium?
23
What is the cellular process that primary oocytes undergo before puberty or menarche?
Meiosis
What happens to the primary oocyte during ovulation?
It continues to divide until meiosis II
What is the stage of follicular development that coincides with meiosis II?
Mature Graafian follicle
What is the number of chromosomes in a secondary oocyte?
23
What happens to the first polar body?
It degenerates
What is the process that produces primary oocytes from an oogonium?
Mitosis
What is the term for the first menstruation?
Menarche
What is the stage of development when tertiary chorionic villi are formed?
End of the 3rd week
Which of the following components is NOT present in a tertiary villus?
Endothelium of the maternal placental capillary
What is the function of the cytotrophoblasts in the tertiary villus?
They are randomly distributed in the chorionic villus
What is the thinnest part of the placental barrier?
Syncytiotrophoblast
Which of the following is NOT a component of the placental barrier?
Maternal blood vessels
What is the term for the cell layer that lines the chorionic villus?
Syncytiotrophoblast
How many components does the tertiary villus have?
3
What is the term for the study of the structure and function of cells and tissues?
Histology
In which phase of the menstrual cycle do the stromal cells decidualize?
Secretory phase
What is the average age range for menopause?
45 to 50 years old
In the atrophic endometrium, what is the characteristic of the glands?
Small, tubular, or cystically dilated
What influences the initiation of the proliferative phase?
Estrogen
What is the thickness of the endometrium during the secretory phase?
6 mm
What is the characteristic of the lining cuboidal cells in the secretory phase?
Supra- and infranuclear vacuolizations
What is the result of the lack of hormonal stimulation in the atrophic endometrium?
Glands become small, tubular, or cystically dilated
What is the purpose of the decidualization of stromal cells?
Preparation for pregnancy
What is the main function of the decidua?
To protect the fetus from the mother's immune system
What is the name of the connective tissue that surrounds the umbilical cord?
Wharton's jelly
What is the name of the part of the decidua that lines the rest of the uterus opposite the fetus and placenta?
Decidua Parietalis
What is the term for the process by which the decidua is formed?
Decidualization
What is the function of the decidua basalis?
To separate the placenta from the uterus
What is the term for the layer of cells that covers the outer surface of the umbilical cord?
Amnion
What would happen if the decidua were absent during pregnancy?
The placenta would not separate from the uterine wall
What is the shape of the cells in the decidua?
Polygonal
What separates the maternal tissue from the fetal tissue at a basic mechanical level?
Fetal membranes
What is the thicker layer of the fetal membranes?
Chorion
What is lined by cuboidal and columnar cells?
Amnion
What is the remnant of the extraembryonic coelom?
Intermediate Zone
What covers the outer surface of the umbilical cord?
Both amnion and mesenchymal cells
Which structure of the female is NOT responsive to the hormonal cycle?
Stratum Basale
What produces Call-Exner bodies in the ovarian follicle?
Granulosa cells
Which cell type turns into milk-producing alveoli in the active mammary gland?
Lobular cells
What is the characteristic of a pre-term placenta except for:
Avascular
What is the composition of the chorion?
Connective tissue, trophoblasts, and vascular collagenous inner layer
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