Ocular Adrenergic Agonist and Antagonist Drugs Review
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Questions and Answers

Which neurotransmitter is involved in the efferent oculosympathetic pathway at the 1st order neuron trajectory?

  • Acetylcholine (correct)
  • Dopamine
  • Norepinephrine
  • Epinephrine
  • What is the primary clinical use of 10% phenylephrine?

  • Pupillary cysts
  • Dilation of Mueller's muscle
  • Posterior synechiae (correct)
  • Treatment of narrow angles
  • Which direct sympathomimetic is structurally similar to epinephrine?

  • Dopamine
  • Phenylephrine (correct)
  • Isoproterenol
  • Norepinephrine
  • What is the effect of epinephrine on conjunctival vasoconstriction?

    <p>Conjunctival vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect is associated with topical epinephrine use?

    <p>Allergic dermatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of 2.5% and 10% phenylephrine in clinical use?

    <p>Pupillary dilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary neurotransmitter involved in the efferent oculosympathetic pathway at the 3rd order neuron trajectory?

    <p>Norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect is associated with chronic use of phenylephrine?

    <p>Hypoxia of conjunctiva and iris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the systemic side effects associated with phenylephrine use?

    <p><strong>Hypertension</strong>, tachycardia, subarachnoid hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical condition contraindicates the use of epinephrine in patients?

    <p>Narrow angles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the neurotransmitter in the sympathetic post-ganglionic synapse?

    <p>Norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptor type is involved in Ocular Autonomic Nervous System post-ganglionic structure?

    <p>Alpha (α) 1 receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Iris Sphincter in the pupil?

    <p>Constriction via parasympathetic innervation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which synapse in the sympathetic system has three components?

    <p>Post-ganglionic-organ effector synapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Ocular Autonomic Nervous System, what neurotransmitter is present in some post-ganglionic sites?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nervous system regulates voluntary actions?

    <p>Somatic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary neurotransmitter in the central and pre-ganglionic synapse of the sympathetic system?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the eye dilates the pupil via sympathetic innervation?

    <p>Iris Dilator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug interaction enhances the cardiovascular effect of tricyclic antidepressants and MAO inhibitors?

    <p>Guanethedine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of action of 1% concentration paredrine?

    <p>Liberates norepinephrine from the pre-synaptic vesicle at the neuromuscular junction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates between central /2nd and 3rd neuron in Horner’s Syndrome?

    <p>Force duction test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a postcocaine anisocoria value of 0.8 mm indicate?

    <p>Horner's syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of action of Aproclonidine (Iopidine 0.5%)?

    <p>Decreases aqueous humor production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of action of Brimonidine tartrate (Alphagan P 0.2%)?

    <p>Decreases aqueous production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Dapiprazole (Mydriolytic agent) on mydriasis?

    <p>Reversibly blocks ά-receptors on dilator muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ophthalmic beta blocker has a new mode of therapy with a maximum effect in 3 weeks?

    <p>Timolol Maleate (Timoptic)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Rev-eyes 0.5%' is associated with which side effect?

    <p>Superficial punctate keratitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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