OCD and Phobias: Understanding the Biological Mechanisms
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Questions and Answers

What is the estimated genetic heritability for OCD traits?

  • 30%
  • 70% (correct)
  • 90%
  • 50%

Which brain circuit is implicated in the development of OCD?

  • Hippocampal-amygdala loop
  • Basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop
  • Cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loop (correct)
  • Cerebellar-thalamo-cortical loop

What is the primary focus of treatments for OCD that use brain surgery or brain stimulation?

  • Stimulating the hippocampus to improve memory
  • Increasing the activity of the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loop
  • Decreasing the activity of the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loop (correct)
  • Enhancing the connectivity between the cortex and the amygdala

How long has OCD been recognized by clinicians?

<p>Over 200 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated genetic heritability for OCD?

<p>50% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the current status of treatments for OCD that use brain surgery or brain stimulation?

<p>They are still being developed and tested (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the limitations highlighted by Thomas R. Insel regarding the DSM?

<p>It does not provide a clear understanding of the causes of psychopathology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the RDoC framework proposed by the NIMH?

<p>To understand the biological, cognitive, and behavioral constructs of mental disorders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the DSM and ICD according to the text?

<p>They are the primary frameworks for classifying mental disorders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the analogy used by Thomas R. Insel to describe the DSM?

<p>A dictionary that provides labels and definitions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the NIMH in the context of mental disorders?

<p>It is a funding agency for research on mental disorders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of the RDoC framework for understanding mental disorders?

<p>It will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the causes of psychopathology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason clinicians avoid labeling individuals with a mental disorder?

<p>To prevent individuals from developing an attitude of defeat and failing to work towards recovery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key limitation of using brain scans for diagnosis?

<p>They do not provide a complete picture of the individual's mental health (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the biopsychosocial perspective explain disorders?

<p>As the result of an interaction between biological, psychological, and social factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between the DSM and the RDoC?

<p>The DSM focuses on diagnosis, while the RDoC focuses on treatment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the first step in helping someone with a mental disorder?

<p>To understand the individual's experience and perspective (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to consider multiple factors during assessment?

<p>To understand the individual's unique experience and context (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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