OCD and Phobias: Understanding the Biological Mechanisms
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Questions and Answers

What is the estimated genetic heritability for OCD traits?

  • 30%
  • 70% (correct)
  • 90%
  • 50%

    • Which brain circuit is implicated in the development of OCD?

  • Hippocampal-amygdala loop
  • Basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop
  • Cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loop (correct)
  • Cerebellar-thalamo-cortical loop

    • What is the primary focus of treatments for OCD that use brain surgery or brain stimulation?

  • Stimulating the hippocampus to improve memory
  • Increasing the activity of the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loop
  • Decreasing the activity of the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loop (correct)
  • Enhancing the connectivity between the cortex and the amygdala

    • How long has OCD been recognized by clinicians?

    <p>Over 200 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated genetic heritability for OCD?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current status of treatments for OCD that use brain surgery or brain stimulation?

    <p>They are still being developed and tested</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the limitations highlighted by Thomas R. Insel regarding the DSM?

    <p>It does not provide a clear understanding of the causes of psychopathology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the RDoC framework proposed by the NIMH?

    <p>To understand the biological, cognitive, and behavioral constructs of mental disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the DSM and ICD according to the text?

    <p>They are the primary frameworks for classifying mental disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the analogy used by Thomas R. Insel to describe the DSM?

    <p>A dictionary that provides labels and definitions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the NIMH in the context of mental disorders?

    <p>It is a funding agency for research on mental disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the implication of the RDoC framework for understanding mental disorders?

    <p>It will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the causes of psychopathology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason clinicians avoid labeling individuals with a mental disorder?

    <p>To prevent individuals from developing an attitude of defeat and failing to work towards recovery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key limitation of using brain scans for diagnosis?

    <p>They do not provide a complete picture of the individual's mental health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the biopsychosocial perspective explain disorders?

    <p>As the result of an interaction between biological, psychological, and social factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between the DSM and the RDoC?

    <p>The DSM focuses on diagnosis, while the RDoC focuses on treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the first step in helping someone with a mental disorder?

    <p>To understand the individual's experience and perspective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to consider multiple factors during assessment?

    <p>To understand the individual's unique experience and context</p> Signup and view all the answers

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