Object-Oriented Programming Principles

What is the main purpose of encapsulation in Object-Oriented Programming?

Abstraction involves exposing all details and implementation in classes.

What type of function does an abstract class contain that must be implemented by derived classes?

The mechanism to create a new class from an existing class is known as __________.

Match the following OOP concepts with their descriptions:

Object-Oriented Programming Principles

Encapsulation: Bundles data (variables) and methods (functions) into a class. Protects data from unauthorized access. Hides private members. Illustrative example provided using a Person class in C++.
Abstraction: Exposes necessary details while hiding implementation. Reduces complexity. Can use abstract classes or interfaces, illustrated with a Shape class example in C++.
Inheritance: Creates a new class (derived class) from an existing class (base class), inheriting properties and methods. Promotes code reusability. Different types of inheritance include single, multiple, multilevel, hierarchical, and hybrid.
Polymorphism: Allows objects to be processed differently based on their type. Provides flexibility and dynamic behavior. Includes compile-time polymorphism (functions and operator overloading) and run-time polymorphism (virtual functions).

Classes, Objects, and Member Functions

Classes and Objects: A class is a blueprint for creating objects. It defines properties and methods associated with object instances. A Car class example is shown in C++ illustrating how class properties (like brand) and methods (like display) are defined.

This quiz covers the fundamental principles of object-oriented programming, including encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism. Each concept is illustrated with examples in C++, detailing their significance in programming. Test your understanding of these foundational concepts and how they contribute to code design and development.