Patho - Nutritional Diseases (trans)

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the status of global malnutrition in 2021?

Over 149 million children under 5 were stunted (correct)

Almost 30 million children were nutritionally at risk

150 million children under 5 were wasted

Over 45 million adults were underweight

Which of the following is a known consequence of maternal nutritional risk?

Lowered risk of metabolic disorders

Increased likelihood of obesity in children

Stunted growth in children (correct)

Decreased incidence of vitamin deficiencies

What fraction of the general population in the Philippines is deficient in zinc?

1/4 (correct)

1/2

1/10

3/4

Which condition is characterized by severe protein-energy malnutrition?

Kwashiorkor Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of women in the Philippines are considered nutritionally at risk?

1/5 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes marasmus?

Severe undernourishment Signup and view all the answers

In what way have the rates of overweight children changed over time?

They have increased over time Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary functions of zinc in the body?

Supports immune system function Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bulimia nervosa?

Substantial energy deficit Signup and view all the answers

What is PRIMARY MALNUTRITION caused by?

Inadequate intake of proteins and calories Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes SECONDARY MALNUTRITION?

Deficiencies in digestion and absorption Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cause of malnutrition?

Poverty Signup and view all the answers

What may result from malnutrition that affects serum albumin levels?

Generalized or dependent edema Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a consequence of malnutrition?

Improved digestion Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about obesity is correct?

Lifestyle and environment play a role in obesity. Signup and view all the answers

How can malnutrition affect health risk?

Increases susceptibility to infections Signup and view all the answers

What role does lifestyle have in the development of obesity?

Lifestyle can modify genetic factors. Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is closely associated with obesity?

Decreased energy expenditure Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following clinical implications is important for managing obesity?

Implementing behavior modification strategies Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Kwashiorkor?

Deficiency in dietary protein Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder has the highest death rate of any psychiatric disorder?

Anorexia nervosa Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant characteristic of bulimia nervosa compared to anorexia nervosa?

More common occurrence Signup and view all the answers

During which scenarios is Kwashiorkor most likely to occur?

Periods of famine Signup and view all the answers

What is the common consequence of early weaning and insufficient protein intake in children?

Kwashiorkor Signup and view all the answers

Who is a well-known public figure that struggled with anorexia nervosa?

Karen Carpenter Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes an appropriate or balanced diet?

Mainly consisting of fruits and vegetables Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient is primarily responsible for providing energy?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What can severe acute malnutrition also be referred to as?

Protein-energy malnutrition Signup and view all the answers

What are amino acids and fatty acids classified as?

Building blocks of proteins and lipids Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of dietary imbalances?

Malnutrition Signup and view all the answers

Identifying clinical signs and symptoms is crucial for which type of disorders?

Nutritional deficiencies and excesses Signup and view all the answers

Which foods are sources of essential amino acids?

Meat, poultry, and fish Signup and view all the answers

The pathophysiological mechanisms of nutritional disorders involve understanding what?

The interplay between nutrition and health Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a dietary excess disorder?

Obesity Signup and view all the answers

Which dietary component should make up a significant portion of our diet?

Whole grains Signup and view all the answers

What is typically masked by fluid retention in children with severe kwashiorkor?

Weight loss Signup and view all the answers

What is the weight for height ratio classification for children with severe acute malnutrition?

3SD < Normal Range Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic skin condition associated with severe acute malnutrition?

Flaky paint-like lesions Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect on hair in children diagnosed with kwashiorkor?

Thin and brittle hair Signup and view all the answers

What does cerebral atrophy in children with severe acute malnutrition indicate?

Impacted cognitive function Signup and view all the answers

Which nutritional imbalance is associated with severe acute malnutrition?

Imbalance of nutrients Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical change in the small bowel is observed in severe acute malnutrition?

Mucosal atrophy and loss of villi Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may result in muscle wasting alongside edema in children with kwashiorkor?

Significant muscle loss Signup and view all the answers

What dietary issue is largely responsible for severe acute malnutrition like kwashiorkor?

Ignorance and failure of diet supplementation Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the common effects of immune suppression in children suffering from severe malnutrition?

Prone to infections Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nutritional Diseases

Malnutrition is a major global health issue affecting millions of children worldwide.
In the Philippines, a significant portion of the population faces nutritional challenges.

Dietary Insufficiency

A consequence of insufficient intake of proteins and calories is called primary malnutrition.
Secondary malnutrition is caused by issues with digestion, absorption, utilization, storage, excess loss or increased need.

Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM)

Also known as protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), it is a severe form of malnutrition primarily caused by protein deficiency.
Primarily affects children in developing countries.

Marasmus

Causes: A combination of protein and calorie deficiency.
Symptoms: Significant weight loss, severe muscle wasting, wrinkled skin, visible ribs, no edema, slow development, and apathy.

Kwashiorkor

Causes: Severe protein deprivation, often associated with insufficient protein intake.
Symptoms: Edema, distended abdomen (pot belly), hepatomegaly, flaky paint-like skin lesions, thin and brittle hair, stunted growth, apathy, and lethargy.

Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa

Anorexia Nervosa: A severe eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight, distorted body image, and severe food restriction.
Bulimia Nervosa: Characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by purging behaviors like vomiting, excessive exercise, or laxative abuse.
The highest death rate of any psychiatric disorder.
More common than anorexia nervosa, with a better prognosis.
The neurobiologic explanation might relate to altered serotonin metabolism.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz delves into various nutritional diseases, focusing on malnutrition's types and effects, particularly among children in developing countries. Explore the concepts of primary and secondary malnutrition, and learn about severe acute malnutrition, marasmus, and kwashiorkor.