Nursing Medication Administration Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is pharmacokinetics primarily concerned with?

The rights of medication administration and dosage calculation

The absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs (correct)

The methods of medication administration only

The preparation of medications

Which factor does NOT affect the rate of medication absorption?

Lipid solubility of the medication

The patient's weight (correct)

Blood flow to the absorptive site

Route of administration

How does ionization impact drug absorption?

It solely impacts the route of medication administration

It increases the rate of liver metabolism

It reduces the dissolution rate of medications

It affects the rate at which the drug permeates cell membranes (correct)

What is the first step in pharmacokinetics?

Absorption Signup and view all the answers

What must happen to a medication prior to absorption?

It must be dissolved in solution Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the term 'dissolution' in relation to medication?

The ability of a medication to dissolve before absorption Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is important for ensuring safe clinical practice and reducing medication errors?

Understanding pharmacokinetics Signup and view all the answers

Client-specific factors influencing medication absorption can include which of the following?

Pathophysiological processes and diseases Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of educating the client about medications?

To promote understanding of their treatment and potential side effects Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a unit dose medication?

It is packaged in single doses for specific prescriptions Signup and view all the answers

What should be done immediately prior to administering unit dose medications?

Open the medications after scanning Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding multi-dose vials?

They must be labeled when preparing multidose medications in any container Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if specific assessments are required for certain medications?

Store the medications in a labeled cup separate from others Signup and view all the answers

What should be done after administering medication to the client?

Assess the client for desired and adverse effects Signup and view all the answers

Why should medications never be left at the bedside?

To prevent unauthorized use or confusion Signup and view all the answers

Which method of administration would be prescribed if a client is experiencing vomiting?

Parenteral via intravenous injection Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse do if a pill is not scored?

Consult with the pharmacist Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct procedure for splitting a pill?

Place the pill in the cutter and close it Signup and view all the answers

Which type of oral medication formulation has a higher bioavailability?

Capsules Signup and view all the answers

Why might medications in tablet form be scored?

To facilitate easier cutting if needed Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a form of oral medication administration?

Intravenous Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration when administering certain medications?

Specific foods may enhance or decrease absorption Signup and view all the answers

What should be done after using the pill cutter?

Clean it according to facility policy Signup and view all the answers

Why should a nurse avoid using hands or other objects to split pills?

It could lead to an incorrect dose being given Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum time frame for administering time-critical medications?

30 minutes before or after the scheduled time Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a non-time-critical medication?

A medication that is scheduled for daily administration Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the nurse in the medication administration process?

To check for contraindications and review pertinent lab results Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse do before documenting medication administration?

Check the client’s MAR before and after administration Signup and view all the answers

Which type of medications requires that they be administered separately from other medications?

Time-critical medications Signup and view all the answers

How is bleeding assessed before administering warfarin?

By monitoring prothrombin and INR lab values Signup and view all the answers

What is required by Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) regarding medication administration policies?

Each facility must have policies and procedures for timing of all medications Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of administering antidiabetic medications around mealtimes?

It ensures optimal pharmacologic effect Signup and view all the answers

Which nasal medication is specifically used for treating migraines?

Sumatriptan Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if a nasal decongestant is used too frequently?

Rebound congestion Signup and view all the answers

What form of administration is appropriate for medications that need to be absorbed through the vaginal wall?

Intravaginal route Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential for the rectum to be empty before administering rectal medications?

To increase the effectiveness of the medication Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications can be administered via the nasal route for smoking cessation?

Nicotine Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the administration of vaginal medications?

Absorption occurs through the vaginal wall regardless of medication form. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common reason to use rectal medications?

For clients unable to swallow medication Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible complication of using nasal decongestants for an extended period?

Permanent tissue swelling Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Dosage Calculation and Medication Administration

Dosage consists of the prescribed quantity of medication, including the dose and frequency.
Rights of medication administration involve checking patient identity, medication, dosage, route, time, and documentation.

Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetics studies the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of drugs.
A solid understanding of pharmacokinetics helps nurses ensure safe medication administration and minimize errors.

Absorption

Absorption refers to how a medication moves from administration site to the circulatory system.
Key factors affecting absorption:
- Route of administration impacts entry into the body.
- Ionization depends on medication pH and absorption site.
- Dissolution requires medication to be dissolved for absorption.
- Blood flow influences the speed of absorption.
- Lipid solubility affects formulation absorption.
- Surface area of the absorption site can enhance medication uptake.
- Client-specific factors include age and underlying health conditions.

Medication Orders and Administration Timing

Pain medications are often prescribed on a PRN (as needed) basis.
Time-critical medications should be administered within 30 minutes of the scheduled time to avoid harm.
Non-time-critical medications can be given 1 to 2 hours early or late without safety concerns.
Facilities must have policies in place for medication timing per CMS regulations.

Right Assessment

Nurses assess clients for contraindications, lab results, vital signs, allergies, and potential drug interactions before administering medications.
Example: Monitoring bleeding indicators and INR levels before administering warfarin.

Right Documentation

Nurses must check the Medication Administration Record (MAR) before and after giving medications.
Educate clients about medications to be administered and keep a close watch on vital signs and assessment findings.

Medication Preparation

Unit dose medications are prepared and packaged individually by the pharmacy.
Multi-dose vials contain more than one dose and can be used for multiple clients.
Proper handling and labeling of medication are crucial to prevent errors.

Routes of Administration

Major routes include enteral (oral, rectal), topical, and parenteral (injection).
Medications like acetaminophen can be administered through multiple routes based on patient needs.
Pills should only be split using a clean pill cutter; an unscored pill must be checked with a pharmacist.

Oral Medications

Different forms: oral tablets, capsules, liquids, buccal, and sublingual.
Tablets can be scored, delayed, or extended release, while capsules usually provide faster action due to gelatin coating.
Nurses must recognize whether medications should be taken with food or on an empty stomach.

Nasal and Vaginal Medications

Nasal medications treated for various conditions require clean nostrils for effective absorption.
Frequent use of decongestants can lead to rebound congestion due to tissue swelling.
Vaginal medications assist in treating infections or providing hormonal support; gloves should be used during administration.

Rectal Medications

Rectal administration is relevant for patients unable to swallow or those with intestinal obstruction.
Suppositories require the rectum to be empty for maximum effectiveness, and patients should refrain from passing stool for at least 20 minutes post-administration.
Caution is required for patients with recent rectal surgery or bleeding risks.

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Description

This quiz covers essential topics in medication administration, including dosage calculations, medication preparation, and different routes for administering medications such as oral and intravenous. Additionally, it reviews client education, assessments prior to administration, evaluation of effectiveness, and the recognition of adverse and allergic reactions.