Nursing Communication and Roles Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which communication style is characterized by a lack of assertiveness and can lead to misunderstandings?

  • Aggressive
  • Passive-aggressive
  • Passive (correct)
  • Assertive

What is the primary purpose of the ISBAR communication tool in healthcare?

  • To document patient health outcomes
  • To ensure patients' comfort during procedures
  • To improve patient medication adherence
  • To facilitate clear and concise communication (correct)

Which of the following roles is primarily responsible for performing assessments and diagnosing patients?

  • Licensed Practical Nurse
  • Physician Assistant (correct)
  • Registered Nurse
  • Unlicensed Assistive Personnel

What does a 'never event' refer to within the context of patient safety?

<p>A serious medical mistake that is largely preventable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT typically considered to affect communication in a healthcare setting?

<p>Patient's dietary preferences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic that defines a profession?

<p>It requires ethical standards. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the American Nurses Association (ANA) 2015 definition, which of the following is NOT a role of nursing?

<p>Diagnosis of diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is central to the practice of registered nurses (RNs) as defined by ANA?

<p>Establishment of partnerships (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is defining nursing beneficial to the public?

<p>It differentiates nursing roles from other healthcare roles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which individual is NOT traditionally recognized as influential in the evolution of nursing?

<p>Louis Pasteur (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nursing process is mainly used for which of the following?

<p>Planning and providing individualized care (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the statement 'caring is central to the practice of nursing' imply?

<p>Building relationships with patients is essential. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes an important outcome of a professional nursing environment?

<p>Improved quality of healthcare (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the principle of nonmaleficence in nursing advocate for?

<p>Doing no harm to patients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of the nursing process?

<p>Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Intervention, Evaluation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step in the nursing process involves determining what the patient needs to achieve or avoid?

<p>Planning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which example illustrates a problem-focused nursing diagnosis?

<p>Impaired gas exchange related to COPD as evidenced by shortness of breath (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the nursing process, which step allows for adjustments based on patient response?

<p>Evaluation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle in nursing emphasizes truthfulness?

<p>Veracity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of a risk-focused nursing diagnosis?

<p>Defining Characteristics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When might different steps of the nursing process occur simultaneously?

<p>While applying interventions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle focuses on fairness within the healthcare system?

<p>Justice (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key purpose of the assessment phase in the nursing process?

<p>To collect and analyze patient data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did Clara Barton play in the nursing profession?

<p>Pioneered nursing in wartime conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Florence Nightingale influence nursing practice?

<p>By improving hospital sanitation and care standards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Nurse Practice Act primarily govern?

<p>State regulations for nursing practice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following exemplifies the nursing competency of 'providing goal-directed client-centered care'?

<p>Listening and responding to a patient's individual needs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does 'caring' manifest in nursing practice according to the historical contributions mentioned?

<p>Through emotional support and understanding of patient needs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of nurses as described in the text?

<p>They possess a combination of critical thinking and advocacy skills (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of nursing organizations like the National League for Nursing?

<p>To set educational standards and support nursing education (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of healthcare does caring and compassion in nursing NOT directly address?

<p>Technical skill acquisition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which attribute is NOT typically associated with the nursing profession as mentioned?

<p>Independence from healthcare teams (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one significant change Florence Nightingale implemented in nursing?

<p>The introduction of sanitation practices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is defined as recognizing and analyzing cues, prioritizing hypotheses, generating solutions, taking actions, and evaluating outcomes?

<p>Clinical judgment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered one of the important qualities for nurses?

<p>Mathematical proficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the RN to BSN program cater to?

<p>Nurses with an associate degree seeking a BSN (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Patricia Benner Model, which stage follows 'Competence'?

<p>Proficient (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical principle is associated with ensuring fairness and equal treatment in nursing practice?

<p>Justice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of critical thinking in nursing?

<p>Reflective thinking and analyzing information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one role of a nurse when acting as a client advocate?

<p>Representing clients' needs and preferences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level of education is NOT identified as an entry point into nursing practice?

<p>High school diploma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the five stages of the Patricia Benner Model?

<p>Advanced Beginner (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about continuing education in nursing is true?

<p>It is crucial for maintaining knowledge and skills (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can lifestyle choices impact a person's health?

<p>They can both improve and disrupt health. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes acute illness?

<p>A sudden onset condition that usually resolves quickly. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT play a role in influencing illness behavior?

<p>Insurance coverage. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of health promotion?

<p>To increase well-being. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of traditional Chinese philosophy, what do Yin and Yang represent?

<p>Masculine and feminine forces. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Competing demands can disrupt health. Which of the following is NOT an example of such demands?

<p>Personal leisure time. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cultural aspect can create barriers to healthcare?

<p>Language differences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of tertiary prevention?

<p>Reduce the impact of an already established disease. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors contributes to health disruptions?

<p>Mental illness. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What level of prevention focuses on reducing risk factors?

<p>Primary prevention. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is NOT part of Jean Watson's definition of health?

<p>Presence of illness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the factors that disrupt health according to the content?

<p>Physical disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes health based on the provided content?

<p>A positive concept encompassing multiple resources (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following options represents a stage of illness behavior?

<p>Experiencing symptoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dimension is NOT included in the health and illness continuum?

<p>Superstitious beliefs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect is central to the individual experience of illness?

<p>Personal feelings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following concepts emphasizes the importance of social and personal resources in health?

<p>Positive health definition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a biological factor influencing health?

<p>Genetic predisposition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best characterizes health in the context provided?

<p>A dynamic process involving many factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the last stage of the illness behavior process?

<p>Recovery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the NGN project?

<p>To measure nursing candidates' clinical judgment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is included in the Test Plan for nursing exams?

<p>Safe and Effective Care Environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the NCLEX exam deliver its content?

<p>With computerized adaptive testing technology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT part of the physiological integrity category in the Test Plan?

<p>Crisis Intervention (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to WHO, how is health defined?

<p>Complete physical, mental, and social well-being (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does traditional Chinese medicine consider vital for health?

<p>Balance of yin and yang (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does the NCLEX specifically aim to test?

<p>Competency of nursing school graduates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is categorized as primary prevention for heart disease?

<p>Teach about healthy diet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a focus area under Safe and Effective Care Environment?

<p>Management of Care (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Florence Nightingale's perspective on health?

<p>Health is achieved through environmental cleanliness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of tertiary prevention?

<p>Stop disease progression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity best represents secondary prevention?

<p>Conduct routine health screenings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT included in the categories of the physiological integrity test content?

<p>Community Health Strategies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of prevention involves educating about lifestyle changes to prevent disease?

<p>Primary prevention (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of the nursing process during assessment?

<p>Categorizing data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which phase of the nursing process is the effectiveness of patient interventions evaluated?

<p>Evaluation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of primary prevention activities?

<p>Promote healthy behaviors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention would NOT be considered tertiary prevention?

<p>Regular exercise programs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is an example of assessment in the nursing process?

<p>Collecting patient health history (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of prevention encompasses programs like prenatal education?

<p>Primary prevention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is a profession?

A field of work that has met specific standards, including ethical conduct, recognized expertise, and a commitment to serving others through specialized knowledge and skills obtained from research, education, and training at a high level.

ANA's 1980 definition of nursing

The focus of nursing is to care for people by identifying and addressing their responses to health issues, both actual and potential.

ANA's 2010 definition of nursing

Nurses work individually with patients, but also as part of a team. Caring is essential for the practice of a registered nurse, and nurses use the nursing process to create individualized care plans. A positive work environment is crucial for nurses to provide quality healthcare and achieve good outcomes.

ANA's 2015 definition of nursing

Nurses play a vital role in protecting, promoting, and maximizing health and abilities, preventing illnesses and injuries, facilitating healing, and easing suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human responses to health issues. Advocacy is a key part of nursing, extending care to individuals, families, groups, communities, and populations.

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Why define nursing?

Defining nursing helps the public understand its value, distinguishes nursing from medicine, and guides students in their learning and practice.

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Florence Nightingale, Dorothea Dix, Clara Barton, Lillian Wald, Mary Brewster, Edward Lyon, Lavinia Dock, and Mary Mahoney

These individuals significantly contributed to the advancement of nursing, including developing innovative approaches to patient care, improving standards of practice, and advocating for nurses' rights and recognition.

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The importance of individuals in advancing nursing

Numerous individuals have played crucial roles in advancing nursing as a profession by promoting innovations, advocating for better standards of care, and ensuring safer and more effective nursing practices.

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How did these individuals impact nursing?

The work of these trailblazers has resulted in safer and more effective nursing care, demonstrating the impact of individual contributions on the development of a profession.

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Caring in Nursing

The act of showing kindness, concern, and empathy towards others, particularly those in need.

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Florence Nightingale's Impact

Florence Nightingale, known as the 'Lady with the Lamp', revolutionized nursing during the Crimean War. Her contributions included improving hygiene, sanitation, and providing compassionate care to wounded soldiers.

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Provide Goal-directed Client-centered Care

This competency involves understanding the client's individual needs and goals, then tailoring care accordingly. It emphasizes the unique aspects of each patient.

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How Florence Nightingale Demonstrated Goal-directed Client-centered Care

This competency aligns with Florence Nightingale's actions as she prioritized patient needs by improving hygiene and sanitation, leading to better health outcomes.

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National League for Nursing (NLN)

The National League for Nursing (NLN) sets standards for nursing education programs across the US, ensuring quality and consistency.

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American Nurses Association (ANA)

The American Nurses Association (ANA) represents the interests of registered nurses and advocates for their professional development.

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State Board of Nursing

Each state board sets the rules and regulations for nursing practice within its jurisdiction, ensuring safety for patients.

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Nurse Practice Act

This document outlines the legal scope of nursing practice for each state, defining what nurses can and cannot do.

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Nursing Today

Nursing today encompasses a broad range of skills. Nurses are expected to demonstrate critical thinking, communication, leadership, advocacy, and technical proficiency to ensure safe and effective care.

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Nurses as Competent and Caring Professionals

Nurses play a vital role in ensuring the provision of safe and effective care. They accomplish this by combining their expertise in medicine and their ability to care for patients holistically.

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What is clinical judgment?

Recognizing and analyzing clues, prioritizing hypotheses, generating solutions, taking action, and evaluating outcomes.

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What is critical thinking?

A process of careful thinking that involves collecting and analyzing information, carefully considering options for action, and reflecting on the process.

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What is problem-solving?

A process that involves carefully considering an issue and trying to find a solution.

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What is continuing education in nursing?

A professional strategy focused on maintaining current knowledge and skills.

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What is a diploma program in nursing?

A 3-year program that focuses on practical skills in a hospital setting.

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What is an Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN)?

A 2-year program that takes place at a community college.

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What is a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN)?

A 4-year program offered by colleges and universities that provides a broader education in nursing.

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What is an RN to BSN program?

A program for nurses who have an Associate's degree to pursue a Bachelor of science in Nursing (BSN).

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Describe the role of a nurse as a direct care provider and communicator.

A nurse who provides direct care to patients, communicates with them and their families, and educates them about their health.

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Describe the role of a nurse as a critical thinker.

A nurse who uses critical thinking skills to assess patients, develop care plans, and make decisions about patient care.

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ISBAR

A communication strategy that incorporates a structured format to improve clarity and safety in patient handoffs, reports, and other essential medical communications. It includes key elements like "Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation" to ensure vital information is conveyed effectively.

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Interprofessional Teams

A group of healthcare professionals from different disciplines who work together to provide comprehensive patient care. This can include physicians, nurses, pharmacists, therapists, and social workers.

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Therapeutic Communication

Verbal and nonverbal communication techniques used to build rapport, establish trust, and facilitate understanding with patients and colleagues.

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Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A hierarchy of needs developed by Abraham Maslow, highlighting the importance of meeting basic needs before moving to higher-level needs. Physiological needs, such as breathing, food, and water, are at the base and must be met first.

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Joint Commission Patient Safety Goals

A set of guidelines established by the Joint Commission to improve patient safety and reduce medical errors in healthcare facilities. These goals address areas like patient identification, safe medication use, prevent infection, and reducing the risk of falls.

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Accountability: What does it mean for a nurse?

Nurses have the responsibility to answer for their actions, and if something goes wrong, they are accountable for it and must accept the consequences.

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Justice: What does it mean for a nurse?

This principle focuses on fairness and the equitable distribution of resources, ensuring that everyone receives what they need based on their individual circumstances.

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Nonmaleficence: What does it mean for a nurse?

This principle stresses the importance of avoiding harm to patients, both intentionally and unintentionally. Nurses must always act in a way that minimizes potential risks and complications.

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Autonomy: What does it mean for a nurse?

The principle of autonomy respects the patient's right to make their own decisions about their health and treatment. Nurses must support patients' choices, even when they differ from professional recommendations.

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Beneficence: What does it mean for a nurse?

This principle requires nurses to act in the best interests of their patients, promoting their well-being and helping them achieve optimal health outcomes.

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Fidelity: What does it mean for a nurse?

Fidelity means being faithful to promises and commitments made to patients, including upholding their confidentiality and respecting their privacy.

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Veracity: What does it mean for a nurse?

Veracity involves being truthful and honest with patients, including providing them with accurate information about their condition, treatment options, and potential risks.

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Assessment: What is it and what does it involve?

This is the first step in the nursing process. This step includes gathering information about the patient's health status, including both subjective (what the patient says) and objective (what you observe) data.

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Nursing Diagnosis: What is it and when do you create it?

A nursing diagnosis is a statement that describes the patient's problem or potential problem related to their health condition. This analysis is based on your assessment data.

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Planning: What is it and what does it involve?

This step involves developing a plan of care for the patient based on their nursing diagnosis. It should outline the interventions or actions the nurse will take to address the patient's needs and achieve desired outcomes.

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What is the NCSBN?

The National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) is a non-profit organization that develops and administers the NCLEX exam, a standardized test for licensing registered nurses in the U.S. and Canada.

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How does the NCLEX exam use technology?

Computerized Adaptive Testing (CAT) technology is used in the NCLEX exam. This means that the difficulty of the questions adapts to the test-taker's performance, making it more efficient and accurate.

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What is the NGN Project?

The NGN Project, initiated by the NCSBN, aimed to improve the NCLEX exam by focusing on clinical judgment and decision-making skills in nursing.

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What is the Test Plan?

The Test Plan provides detailed information about the structure of the NCLEX exam, including the content areas covered, item writing guidelines, and how clinical judgment is assessed.

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What are the categories covered by the NCLEX exam?

The NCLEX exam covers a wide range of nursing concepts, which are divided into four major categories: Safe and Effective Care Environment, Health Promotion and Maintenance, Psychosocial Integrity, and Physiological Integrity.

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How does the WHO define health?

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as a state of complete well-being, encompassing not only physical health but also mental and social well-being.

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What was Florence Nightingale's view on health?

Florence Nightingale, a pioneer in modern nursing, believed that health was primarily achieved through prevention of disease. Her approach emphasized hygiene, sanitation, and access to fresh air, pure water, and light.

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How does Traditional Chinese Medicine view health?

Traditional Chinese medicine emphasizes the balance between opposite forces of yin and yang. Achieving health requires maintaining this balance.

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What is clinical judgment in nursing?

Clinical judgment is the process of using critical thinking skills to assess a patient's situation, generate solutions, and take actions based on the best available evidence.

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What does it mean to provide safe and effective care?

Nurses must demonstrate the ability to provide safe and effective care by applying their knowledge and skills in various situations. This involves assessing patients' needs, developing care plans, and implementing interventions based on those needs.

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What is Health?

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

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What is Illness Behavior?

A complex process that encompasses five stages: experiencing symptoms, assuming the sick role, seeking professional care, dependence on others, and recovery.

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What is Biological Dimension of Health?

A dimension of health that includes factors like nutrition, physical activity, sleep, and meaningful work.

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What is Lifestyle Dimension of Health?

A dimension of health that involves choices we make, such as our diet, exercise, and stress management.

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What is Social Dimension of Health?

A dimension of health that includes our relationships with family and friends, our cultural background, and our spiritual beliefs.

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What Disrupts Health?

Factors that can disrupt health and lead to illness. Examples include physical disease, injury, mental illness, pain, loss, and impending death.

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How do Nurses Perceive Illness?

Nursing involves understanding that each person experiences illness uniquely, often describing it based on their own feelings.

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What is Watson's Theory of Human Caring?

A nursing theory by Jean Watson emphasizing caring, promoting health, and preventing illness, with a focus on the 'human-to-human' connection.

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What is the focus of Nursing?

It is the nurse's responsibility to identify and address patient responses, both actual and potential, to health issues.

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How does a Nurse Practice?

A nurse's understanding of health and illness is grounded in providing safe and effective care, utilizing critical thinking, communication, leadership, and advocacy skills.

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Illness

A disruption in health that impacts a person's well-being.

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Hardiness

The ability to bounce back from challenges and adapt to change, important for navigating illness.

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Factors Influencing Illness Behavior

The time it takes for an illness to develop, how intense the symptoms are, and the number of areas affected.

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Acute Illness

A sudden illness that usually has a rapid onset and is often treatable.

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Chronic Illness

A long-term illness that can last for months or years, requiring ongoing management.

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Remission

Describes periods when a chronic illness is less active or severe.

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Exacerbation

When a chronic illness is more active and symptoms worsen.

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Yin and Yang

The concept that illnesses may be caused by an imbalance in the forces of Yin and Yang.

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Hot and Cold Illness

Belief that illnesses are caused by an imbalance of hot and cold energy in the body, requiring specific treatments.

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Cultural Beliefs Impacting Healthcare

Cultural beliefs and practices influence how individuals approach health and illness, affecting care delivery.

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Primary Prevention

Actions taken to prevent the onset or slow the progression of disease.

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Secondary Prevention

Activities aimed at early detection and treatment of diseases.

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Tertiary Prevention

Strategies to reduce the impact of chronic diseases and improve quality of life.

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Nursing Process

The systematic process nurses use to provide patient care. It includes assessment, diagnosis, planning, intervention, and evaluation.

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Objective Data

Information gathered through observation, physical examination, and patient reports.

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Subjective Data

What the patient tells you about their health, feelings, or experiences.

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Supportive Family

A family that fosters open communication, supports positive health choices, and encourages individual growth.

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Health Promotion

Activities designed to promote health and prevent disease.

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Health

A state of complete well-being, not just the absence of disease.

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Clinical Judgement

The use of critical thinking skills to collect data, interpret information, and make sound clinical decisions.

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Study Notes

Foundations: Module 1 - Evolution of Nursing

  • Nursing is a field of work that has been successfully professionalized, meeting ethical standards, and accepted by the public as possessing special knowledge and skills, widely recognized as a body of learning derived from research, education, and training at a high level. Professionals are prepared to apply this knowledge and exercise these skills in the interest of others.
  • The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines nursing (1980) as "the diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual and potential health problems."
  • Nursing practice is individualized (ANA, 2010). Nurses establish partnerships with clients, and caring is central to the practice of registered nurses (RNs).
  • RNs use the nursing process to provide individualized care to clients (ANA, 2010).
  • A strong link exists between the professional work environment and the RN's ability to provide quality healthcare and achieve optimal outcomes.
  • Nursing (2015, ANA): is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, facilitation of healing, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, groups, communities, and populations.
  • Defining nursing helps the public understand its value, differentiates nursing activities from those of medicine, and helps students understand what is expected of them.

Influential Persons in the Evolution of Nursing

  • Florence Nightingale, Dorothea Dix, Clara Barton, Lillian Wald, Mary Brewster, Edward Lyon, Lavinia Dock, Mary Mahoney.

Safe, Effective Nursing Care

  • Many individuals were instrumental in advancing the profession of nursing. In looking at the contributions of Clara Barton, Lillian Wald, and Lavinia Dock, how does "caring" remain an essential aspect of the nurse's role and how was it demonstrated?
  • Florence Nightingale made a tremendous difference in the care the soldiers received, which resulted in significantly improved outcomes.
  • Relate each competency of "provide goal-directed client-centered care" to the actions of Florence Nightingale and her nurses.

Nursing Organizations

  • The American Nurses Association (ANA) is the official organization for US nurses
  • The National League for Nursing (NLN) maintains universal standards/practice for education
  • Each state has a Nurse Practice Act (e.g., Texas Board of Nursing)
  • State boards are responsible for: defining the practice of professional nursing, scope of practice, activities nurses are expected to perform, and approving nursing education programs.
  • Develop rules and regulations for guidance to nurses
  • Enforce the rules governing nursing practice

Nursing Today

  • Nurses are competent and caring professionals.
  • The complexity of healthcare delivery requires nurses to use critical thinking, communication, organization, leadership, advocacy, and technical skills to ensure clients receive safe and effective care.

Thinking Skills

  • Clinical judgment: A process of recognizing and analyzing cues, prioritizing hypotheses, generating solutions, taking actions, and evaluating outcomes.
  • Critical thinking: Involves collecting and analyzing information and carefully considering options for action.
  • Problem-solving: Considers an issue and attempts to find a satisfactory solution.

Important Qualities for Nurses

  • Critical-thinking skills
  • Caring and compassionate
  • Listening skills
  • Patience
  • Competence
  • Emotional stability
  • Physical stamina
  • Detail-oriented
  • Organizational skills
  • Speaking skills

Entry into Practice

  • Five levels of education for entry into practice: Diploma, Associate Degree, Baccalaureate Degree, RN to BSN, Master's, and Doctorate.
  • Continuing education is a professional strategy to maintain knowledge.

Nursing Education

  • Patricia Benner's stages of nursing proficiency: Novice, Advance Beginner, Competence, Proficient, and Expert.

Roles of the Nurse

  • Direct care provider and communicator
  • Client/family educator or counselor
  • Client advocate
  • Critical-thinking skills
  • Detail-oriented
  • Caring and compassionate, patience
  • Competence
  • Change agent (community, hospital)
  • Leader or manager, case manager
  • Research consumer
  • Team player
  • Knowledgeable
  • Listener

Ethical Principles and Responsibilities of a Nurse

  • Basic principles: Advocacy, responsibility, accountability, confidentiality
  • Ethical principles: Autonomy, beneficence, fidelity, justice, no maleficence, veracity.
  • Ethical dilemmas are the confluence of morality and science. When is right and when is wrong right? Can wrong ever be right?

The 7 Ethical Principles in Nursing

  • Accountability
  • Justice
  • Nonmaleficence
  • Autonomy
  • Beneficence
  • Fidelity
  • Veracity

The 6 Functions of Clinical Judgment

  • Recognize cues; What matters most?
  • Analyze cues; What do they mean?
  • Prioritize hypotheses; Where do I start?
  • Generate solutions; What can I do?
  • Take action; What will I do?
  • Evaluate outcomes; Did it help?

The Nursing Process (ADPIE)

  • Assessment (data: subjective vs. objective)
  • Diagnosis (primary problem for the patient)
  • Planning (what do we want them to achieve/avoid)
  • Intervention (do teaching/goals for plan)
  • Evaluation (did we accomplish goal for plan? Why or why not?)

Nursing Process Steps in Order: Example

  • Nurses gather data, create a nursing diagnosis, develop a plan, perform interventions, and evaluate outcomes
  • Some parts of the nursing process can occur simultaneously
  • Nursing care plans can be written/created in the EMR (electronic medical records)
  • Care plans serve as internal frameworks for nurses.

Types of Nursing Diagnoses

  • Problem-focused (e.g., ineffective breathing pattern)
  • Risk (e.g., risk for infection)
  • Health promotion (e.g., readiness for enhanced family coping)
  • Syndrome (e.g., chronic pain syndrome)

Nursing Diagnosis

  • Problem-focused Diagnosis (Problem-focused Diagnosis) related to (Related Factors) as evidenced by (Defining Characteristics).
  • Risk Focused. Risk for. As evidenced by. (Risk Factors)

Nursing Delegation Notes

  • 5 Rights of Delegation: task, circumstance, person, direction, supervision
  • Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP) and Licensed Practical Nurses (LPN)
  • The RN is always responsible for the patient.

Interprofessional Teams

  • The patient is at the center of interprofessional care
  • Includes physician, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, unlicensed assistive personnel, pharmacists, therapists, technologists, dieticians, social workers, spiritual care providers, alternative care providers, physical and occupational therapy, dieticians and nutritionists, biomedical sciences, and pharmacy

Therapeutic Communication

  • Verbal communication (nurses and nurses, nurses and patients, nurses and interprofessional teams)
  • Nonverbal communication (facial, body language/posture)
  • Factors affecting communication (age, environment, gender, communication style)

Communicate

  • Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendations

ISBAR

  • Introduce and identify
  • Situation
  • Background
  • Assessment and Actions
  • Recommendations and Readback

Safety in Healthcare

  • Identifying patient correctly
  • Using medications safely
  • Preventing infection (e.g., identifying patient risks, preventing mistakes in surgery)

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

  • Physiological needs
  • Safety needs
  • Love and belonging needs
  • Esteem needs
  • Self-actualization needs

1-minute paper

  • Collect feedback on learning in a short time.
  • Provides a space to collect thoughts and make connections.
  • An opportunity to reflect on current learning and relate it to new learning.

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