38 Questions
What are the three types of contact dermatitis?
Allergic contact dermatitis, Irritant contact dermatitis, and Photocontact dermatitis
What is the main goal of treatment for eczema in babies?
To identify and avoid skin irritants, avoid extreme temperatures, and lubricate skin with bath oils, creams or ointments
What is diaper rash characterized by?
A reddish, sore skin in the diaper area
What are the two theories on the cause of acne?
Overactive sebaceous glands producing too much sebum, and fungal infection
What is the difference between allergic contact dermatitis and irritant contact dermatitis?
Allergic contact dermatitis occurs when the skin develops an allergic reaction, while irritant contact dermatitis occurs when the skin comes into contact with a toxic material
What is photocontact dermatitis?
A type of contact dermatitis that occurs when the active ingredients in a skin product are exposed to the sun and result in irritation
What is one of the risk factors for developing cellulitis?
Trauma to the skin
What is a common symptom of cellulitis?
Redness
What is one way to diagnose cellulitis?
Physical examination
What is the typical duration of antibiotic treatment for mild cases of cellulitis?
A week to 14 days
In what cases would IV or intramuscular antibiotics be used to treat cellulitis?
Severe cases, such as when the infection is severe, or the patient has other medical problems
What is the name of the infection that occurs when candida yeast spreads in the mouth and throat?
Thrush (Oropharyngeal Candidiasis)
What is one of the ways to ease swelling and discomfort caused by cellulitis?
Elevating the affected area
What is one of the complications of cellulitis that may occur in severe cases?
Bone infections underneath the skin
What is the primary function of sebum in the skin?
to carry dead skin cells through the follicles to the surface of the skin
What happens when the follicles get blocked, leading to pimple formation?
Oil builds up under the skin, causing infection and swelling
What type of bacteria contributes to the infection of pimples?
Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes)
What are some other causes of acne besides bacteria and blocked follicles?
some medications, greasy cosmetics, hormonal changes, emotional stress, and menstruation
What is the name of the medication that helps unblock pores through cell turnover?
Retin-A
What is the name of the acid that assists in the breakdown of blackheads and whiteheads and helps reduce inflammation and swelling?
Salicylic acid
What is the treatment option for moderate to severe acne that involves injecting corticosteroids into the skin?
Corticosteroid injection
What is the type of infection that affects the skin and the soft tissues underneath?
Cellulitis
What is a common type of allergic rhinitis that occurs year-round?
Perennial allergic rhinitis
At what age does atopic dermatitis typically begin and end?
It begins as early as the second month of life and possibly lasts until the child is 2 to 3 years old.
What are the common locations of atopic dermatitis on the body?
Scalp and forehead, cheeks, neck, behind the ears, and the extensor surfaces of the extremities.
What is a primary risk factor for atopic dermatitis?
Personal or family history of eczema, allergies, hay fever, or asthma.
What symptom is often experienced at night in atopic dermatitis?
Itchininess
What is the purpose of creams used to treat atopic dermatitis?
To control itchiness and help repair the skin.
What is important to ask about when diagnosing atopic dermatitis?
Identifying potential food allergies.
Is a lab test necessary to diagnose atopic dermatitis?
No
What are the common individuals affected by thrush?
Newborns, elderly, and people with weakened immune systems
What are the typical signs and symptoms of oral thrush?
White or yellow patches on the tongue, lips, gums, roof of mouth, and inner cheeks; Redness or soreness in the mouth and throat; Cracking at the corners of the mouth; Pain when swallowing
What antifungal medications are used to treat thrush?
Nystatin, clotrimazole, and fluconazole
What are the common signs and symptoms of a genital yeast infection?
Extreme itchiness in the vagina; Redness and swelling of the vagina and vulva; Pain and burning when voiding; Thick, white 'cottage cheese' discharge from the vagina
What are the three types of tinea infections?
Tinea corporis (general skin), tinea cruris (groin), and tinea pedis (feet)
How are tinea infections diagnosed?
History and clinical appearance + microscopy of potassium hydroxide prep; Culture or histologic examination
What are the treatment options for tinea infections?
Antifungal agents; Allylamine medications like Naftifine (Naftin) and terbinafine (Lamisil); Inherent anti-inflammatory properties or combination antifungal/steroid agents
Why is skin moisture important in the treatment of tinea infections?
To prevent the growth of fungi and promote a healthy environment for skin healing
A review of immune system and its disorders in children, including perennial allergic rhinitis. This quiz covers the nursing care of children with immunologic disorders.
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