NURS1013: Nutrition and Biological Functions of Water
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of an adult's body is comprised of water?

  • 80%
  • 40%
  • 60% (correct)
  • 70%

    • What is one of the roles of water in regulating body temperature?

  • Maintaining a constant temperature
  • Absorbing and dissipating heat (correct)
  • Producing heat
  • Insulating the body

    • What is the function of water in the joints?

  • Nutrient transportation
  • Structural support
  • Lubrication (correct)
  • Shock absorption

    • What is the role of water in the digestive system?

    <p>Part of GI secretions for digestion, absorption, and excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of water in the maintenance of vascular volume?

    <p>Maintaining blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the difference in total water gain and losses in the body?

    <p>Water balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a low intake of water and solutes such as electrolytes?

    <p>Dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors affects fluid balance in the elderly?

    <p>Dysphagia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for water loss that is difficult to measure?

    <p>Insensible water loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications can increase water loss?

    <p>Diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the state of water balance in the body?

    <p>Euhydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between energy intake and energy used by the body to perform physical functions?

    <p>Energy balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of energy used to express the energy yield of foods and energy expenditure by the body?

    <p>Calorie</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measurement for the chemical form of energy in foods?

    <p>Kilocalorie</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water through 1⁰C?

    <p>1 kilocalorie</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the method used to determine the energy contained in a food?

    <p>Bomb calorimetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total energy that would be liberated from food if it was combusted in oxygen?

    <p>Chemical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy absorbed from the digestive tract?

    <p>Digestible Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy required by the body to meet vital functions when at complete rest?

    <p>Basal Metabolic Rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is debated regarding its impact on the decline of fat-free mass?

    <p>Age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy used by the body in a day, including energy for physical activity?

    <p>Total Energy Expenditure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy required for digestion, metabolism, and storage of nutrients?

    <p>Thermic effect of food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy available for metabolism after energy losses in urine and faeces?

    <p>Metabolizable Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy value of macronutrient fat according to Atwater?

    <p>7 kcal/g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of energy balance in adults?

    <p>To maintain weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when energy intake is less than energy expenditure?

    <p>Weight loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for estimating energy requirements for adult females?

    <p>354 + (6.91 * age) + PA * (9.36 * wt + 726 * ht)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the physical activity level (PA) for a sedentary person?

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of a large percentage of the population being overweight or obese?

    <p>Complications in energy balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of water in an adult's body?

    <p>60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the ways water regulates body temperature?

    <p>By absorbing heat and dissipating it to maintain core temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of water in cell structure?

    <p>To provide structure to cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of water in the transportation of nutrients?

    <p>To facilitate transportation of nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of water in the eyes?

    <p>To lubricate the eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy used by the body to perform various physical functions?

    <p>Energy expenditure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of energy that represents the amount of energy needed to move 1kg with an acceleration of 1 meter per second?

    <p>Kilojoule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy absorbed from the digestive tract and available for use by the body?

    <p>Digestible Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy that is not available for metabolism due to inefficient digestion and absorption?

    <p>Unavailable energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of measuring the heat change associated with the combustion of food compounds?

    <p>Bomb calorimetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy required by the body to meet vital functions when at complete rest?

    <p>Basal Metabolic Rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy used by the body in a day, including energy for physical activity?

    <p>Total Energy Expenditure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total energy that would be liberated from food if it was combusted in oxygen?

    <p>Chemical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor affects Basal Metabolic Rate due to differences in skeletal muscle mass?

    <p>Gender</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the energy provided by the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins?

    <p>Energy provision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy required for digestion, metabolism, and storage of nutrients?

    <p>Thermic effect of food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy available for metabolism after energy losses in urine and faeces?

    <p>Metabolizable Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of energy balance in children?

    <p>Foster normal growth and development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the factor that affects satiety, appetite, and metabolism in energy balance?

    <p>Genetics and hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of a negative energy balance?

    <p>Insufficient energy to support needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the physical activity level (PA) for a very active person?

    <p>1.56</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for estimating energy requirements for adult males?

    <p>662 - (9.53 * age) + PA * (15.91 * wt + 539 * ht)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of energy value of food that is spent on physical activity?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the ratio of energy used in physical activity to BEE?

    <p>Physical Activity Level (PAL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of measuring energy expenditure in the human body?

    <p>Indirect Calorimetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the state of energy balance when energy intake is equal to energy expenditure?

    <p>Energy Balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the energy expenditure of human activities that are not exercise-related?

    <p>Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis (NEAT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of measuring energy expenditure in the human body?

    <p>To calculate energy balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What micronutrient is crucial for the client's ability to conceive?

    <p>Vitamin D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is often paired with Vitamin D in its importance for conception?

    <p>Vitamin A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incorrect pairing of micronutrients in relation to conception?

    <p>Vitamin Alpha-E and Vitamin A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following micronutrient pairings is not directly related to conception?

    <p>Vitamin K and Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct response of the nurse regarding the importance of micronutrients for conception?

    <p>Vitamin A and Vitamin D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a food composition table?

    <p>To provide a tabular representation of the nutritional content of foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors can influence the nutrient content of foods?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can lead to variation in the nutrient content of foods within the same type of food?

    <p>Food biodiversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can commercial foods with the same brand name have varying compositions across borders?

    <p>Fortification regulations and taste preferences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key challenge in compiling food composition tables?

    <p>Accounting for variations in nutrient content due to environmental factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of food composition tables in nutrition?

    <p>They provide a basis for nutrition education and planning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of diet planning?

    <p>To provide sufficient energy and nutrients to meet nutritional needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle of nutrient density in diet planning?

    <p>A measure of the nutrients a food provides relative to the energy it provides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nutrients is included in the data provided by the World Food Programme?

    <p>Iodine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of comparing an individual's usual food intake with recommended guidelines to identify risk factors for poor nutritional health?

    <p>Nutrition assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle of balance in diet planning?

    <p>Eating a variety of foods to obtain all the nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of diet planning in terms of meal planning?

    <p>To improve healthy food intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main principle of energy control in diet planning?

    <p>Moderate food intake to match energy needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of many food composition tables?

    <p>They only include raw foods and a limited number of nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do some countries borrow food composition data from other sources?

    <p>Because they have incomplete or outdated data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is often underestimated in countries with incomplete food composition data?

    <p>Nutrient intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of high-quality food composition data?

    <p>It is generated according to international guidelines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are fortified foods and supplements often excluded from food composition tables?

    <p>They are difficult to include in nutrient intake estimates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can limit the creation, modification, and updating of food composition tables?

    <p>Policy environments of countries and allocation of human and financial resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to consider the level of processing and preparation of foods when analyzing their nutrient content?

    <p>Because different levels of processing and preparation can affect the nutrient content of foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge in creating food composition tables and databases?

    <p>Dealing with natural and artificial differences in food composition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary to have a great deal of knowledge to generate, compile, update, and use food composition data adequately?

    <p>Because the data is complex and nuanced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential impact of mandatory food labeling through Codex Alimentarius on the creation and updating of food composition tables?

    <p>It may make it easier to add manufacturer data to databases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to consider the definitions and expressions of nutrients when analyzing food composition data?

    <p>Because different definitions and expressions can affect the nutrient values</p> Signup and view all the answers

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