Nullification Crisis Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What was the Nullification Crisis?

An economic crisis

Confrontation between South Carolina and the federal government over tariffs (correct)

A treaty between indigenous tribes and the U.S.

The war between the North and South

What was the outcome of the Nullification Crisis?

Clay and Calhoun made the tariff compromise and the Force Act was made.

What did the Southern outlook change to during the Nullification Crisis?

They realized they were a minority compared to the North.

Who was Martin Van Buren?

He won the presidency by promising to continue Jackson's policies. Signup and view all the answers

What is a recession?

A business cycle contraction which results in a general slowdown in economic activity. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following political parties with their beliefs:

Whigs = Supported supremacy of Congress, favored modernization and economic protection Democrats = Believed in the common man and government assistance Signup and view all the answers

Who was John C. Calhoun?

A prominent U.S. statesman and spokesman for the slave-plantation system. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Black Hawk War?

A conflict initiated by the Sauk warrior Black Hawk to resist Anglo settlers. Signup and view all the answers

What was the ruling in Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831)?

The court ruled that the Cherokee Nation did not possess original jurisdiction because the tribe was not a state. Signup and view all the answers

What was Worcester v. Georgia (1832) about?

Only the federal government had the right to impose regulations on Indian land. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Nicholas Biddle?

The third and last president of the Second Bank of the United States. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Bank War?

A campaign by President Andrew Jackson to destroy the Second Bank of the United States. Signup and view all the answers

What is patronage in the context of government and Indian tribes?

Government giving Indian tribes trinkets for land in a way that led to their indebtedness. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Independent Treasury?

A system for retaining government funds independently of the national banking system. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nullification Crisis

The Nullification Crisis occurred between 1832-33, involving South Carolina's challenge to federal Tariffs of 1828 and 1832.
South Carolina declared the tariffs null and void within the state, leading to conflict with the federal government.
The resolution favored the federal government and weakened the nullification doctrine, which claimed states could invalidate federal laws.

Outcome of Nullification Crisis

A compromise over tariffs was brokered by Henry Clay, alongside John C. Calhoun, which averted further conflict.
Congress passed the Force Act, allowing the president to use military force to enforce federal laws.

Southern Outlook

Southerners recognized their minority status compared to the North and feared future changes that could impact their interests if they remained in the Union.

Martin Van Buren

Van Buren won the presidency by promising to uphold Jackson's policies but faced challenges from the Panic of 1837 and the emergence of the Whig Party.
He was instrumental in developing political party systems at both state and federal levels over his extensive public service career.

Recession

A recession is characterized as a contraction in the business cycle, leading to a general slowdown in economic activities.

Democrats vs Whigs

Whigs supported congressional supremacy, modernization, economic protectionism, protective tariffs, and a national bank.
Democrats emphasized the importance of the common man and were skeptical of modern markets and the national bank.

John C. Calhoun

An influential statesman and supporter of the slave-plantation system, Calhoun held several notable government positions, including U.S. Secretary of War and Vice President.
He was a prominent advocate for the institution of slavery.

Black Hawk War

The conflict erupted in 1832 when Sauk warrior Black Hawk attempted to reclaim lands from Anglo settlers.
It began with Black Hawk leading his people back into disputed territory after initial resistance preparations in 1831.

Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831)

The Supreme Court ruled that the Cherokee Nation lacked standing in federal court as it was not a state, limiting their jurisdictional claims.

Worcester v. Georgia (1832)

This case reaffirmed that only the federal government had authority over Native American lands, reinforcing the independence of Native Nations.

Nicholas Biddle

Biddle served as the third and last president of the Second Bank of the United States and was involved in the political conflict known as the Bank War.

Bank War

Initiated by President Andrew Jackson in 1833, the Bank War aimed to dismantle the Second Bank of the United States, supported by Jackson's reelection victory.

Patronage

The practice involved the government giving trinkets to Indian tribes in exchange for land, creating a cycle of debt and dependency on the government.

Independent Treasury

Established to manage government funds separately from national banks, the Independent Treasury System existed from the 1840s until 1921, aiming for greater financial autonomy.

Description

Test your knowledge on the Nullification Crisis, a significant event in U.S. history involving South Carolina's challenge to federal tariffs. This flashcard set covers key terms and concepts related to this constitutional confrontation. Perfect for students wanting a quick review of this historical moment.