Nuclear Medicine: Preparation of Radiopharmaceuticals
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Questions and Answers

What is the typical thickness range of scintillators used in gamma cameras for medical imaging?

  • 3 to 6 mm
  • 18 to 25 mm
  • 12.5 to 18 mm
  • 6 to 12.5 mm (correct)

What happens to the energy of gamma photons after interacting with the scintillation crystal?

  • It is absorbed by the crystal
  • It is converted to visible optical photons (correct)
  • It is transmitted to the PMT
  • It is reflected back to the environment

What is the function of the photomultiplier tube (PMT) in gamma detection?

  • To transmit the optical photons to the scintillation crystal
  • To detect and convert optical photons into electrical signals (correct)
  • To amplify the electrical signal from the scintillation crystal
  • To detect and convert gamma photons into electrical signals

What is the relationship between the electric current and the number of detected optical photons in a PMT?

<p>Directly proportional (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the peak wavelength of the optical photons transmitted by the NaI scintillator?

<p>415 nm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the photocathode when it receives optical photons in a PMT?

<p>It liberates photoelectrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical method of preparing radiopharmaceuticals?

<p>Simple mixing or shaking at room temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of syringes are used to transfer radiopharmaceutical components?

<p>Shielded syringes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a glove box in radiopharmaceutical preparation?

<p>To provide a sterile environment for preparation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the surfaces in a radiopharmaceutical preparation room?

<p>Continuous floors, gloss-painted walls, and formica-topped or stainless steel benches (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do workers typically enter a radiopharmaceutical preparation room?

<p>Via an air lock and changing room (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of device is commonly used in preparing PET radiopharmaceuticals?

<p>Automated synthesis device (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial aspect to consider when selecting a scintillator for gamma ray detection in clinical use?

<p>High atomic number (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common issue with Sodium iodide (NaI) scintillators?

<p>They are fragile and absorb moisture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of using a scintillator with a high light output?

<p>It enhances imaging performance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason Sodium iodide (NaI) scintillators are widely used in conventional gamma ray imaging systems?

<p>They have been used traditionally (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of CsI(Na) scintillators?

<p>They have a high atomic number (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are NaI scintillators required to be sealed in airtight containers?

<p>To protect them from moisture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of using collimators in gamma imaging?

<p>Gamma photons not passing through the collimator's holes are absorbed by the material (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the hexagonal structured holes in parallel hole collimators?

<p>To maximise the exposed area of the gamma camera detector (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of improving the ability of the gamma camera to detect primary gamma photons?

<p>It improves the gamma imaging outcome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the appropriate type of collimator for gamma ray detection?

<p>FOV dimension, targeted areas' dimensions, and desired level of sensitivity and spatial resolution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the scintillator in gamma imaging?

<p>To map gamma rays onto the image (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common material used in making the high density plate of parallel hole collimators?

<p>Lead (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for minimizing scattered gamma photon penetration in the collimator body?

<p>To avoid inaccurate data projection on the gamma image (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between parallel-hole collimators and non-parallel hole collimators?

<p>Their field of view (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of collimator is suitable for scanning small targeted areas?

<p>Converging collimator (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of pinhole collimators?

<p>Small organ imaging procedures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical diameter range of the aperture in a pinhole collimator?

<p>2 to 6 mm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of pinhole collimators in nuclear medicine clinics?

<p>Effective examination of small organs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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