Nuclear Medicine Physics: Preparation of Radiopharmaceuticals

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What is the role of radionuclide in medical imaging?

To absorb gamma rays
To focus gamma rays
To produce medical gamma images
To signal the location of the radiopharmaceutical by the emission of gamma rays (correct)

What type of gamma rays does 99mTc emit?

150keV gamma rays
100keV gamma rays
141keV gamma rays (correct)
200keV gamma rays

What is used in place of a lens in gamma cameras?

A mirror
A filter
A multi-hole collimator (correct)
A prism

What is the purpose of a scintillation crystal?

To convert gamma rays into optical light (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of a gamma camera?

Light guide, photomultiplier tube array, radiation shielding, scintillation crystal, collimator, and electronics for energy positioning (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a gamma camera?

To produce medical gamma images (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical environment for preparing radiopharmaceuticals?

A sterile workstation, such as a glove box or laminar down-flow cabinet (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of thicknesses for scintillators in gamma cameras for medical imaging?

6 to 12.5 mm (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of shielded syringes in radiopharmaceutical preparation?

To transfer the components between sterile vials (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of cabinet is used in radiopharmaceutical preparation?

A sterile laminar down-flow cabinet (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when gamma photons interact with the scintillation crystal?

The energy of the photons is deposited in the crystal and converted to visible optical photons (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the surfaces in a radiopharmaceutical preparation workstation?

They are impervious (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the photomultiplier tube (PMT) in gamma detection?

To detect and convert optical photons into a measurable electrical signal (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why are automated synthesis devices used in PET radiopharmaceutical preparation?

To reduce the preparation time (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the electric current and the number of detected optical photons in a PMT?

Directly proportional (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a necessary step before entering a radiopharmaceutical preparation workstation?

Entering through an air lock and changing room (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the peak wavelength of the optical photons transmitted by the NaI scintillator?

415 nm (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the interaction between the optical photons and the photocathode in a PMT?

Liberation of photoelectrons (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical range of thickness for parallel hole collimators manufactured for traditional gamma cameras?

25-80 mm (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the lead septa in parallel hole collimators?

To surround identical holes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of parallel hole collimators compared to pinhole collimators?

They provide a superior level of sensitivity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the spatial resolution quality of the gamma camera as the diameter of the collimator's holes increases?

It degrades (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the energy of the gamma photons important in selecting the appropriate parallel-hole collimator?

It determines the septal thickness (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the angle at which incident gamma photons pass through the parallel hole collimator?

At a perpendicular angle (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main limitation of conventional planar gamma imaging?

It lacks depth information (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of emission tomography?

To address deficiencies of conventional planar gamma imaging (D) Signup and view all the answers

How many views are typically taken in Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)?

60 (B) Signup and view all the answers