Nuclear Envelope Traffic and Transport Quiz

What type of transport occurs through nuclear pore complexes?

Passive diffusion

What type of amino acids are nuclear localization signals (NLS) rich in?

Lysine and arginine

What is the role of importin in nuclear protein import?

Recognizing nuclear localization signals

What type of amino acid sequences do nucleoporins contain?

Phenylalanine and glycine (FG repeats) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of nuclear pore complexes?

Regulating the movement of molecules into and out of the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

Which molecules are capable of passive diffusion through nuclear pore complexes?

Small molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the key feature of nuclear proteins that enables their selective import to the nucleus?

Presence of nuclear localization signals (NLS) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of FG repeats in nucleoporins?

Serving as binding sites for import receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of import receptor-protein complexes in nuclear transport?

Binding and transporting proteins through the nuclear pore complex Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific function of importin in nuclear transport?

Recognizing and binding to nuclear localization signals (NLS) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of nuclear proteins that distinguishes them from cytoplasmic proteins?

Presence of nuclear localization signals (NLS) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which proteins enter the nucleus?

Recognition of nuclear localization signals by import receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule drives directional transport through nuclear pore complexes?

Ran GTP Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of nuclear export signals (NES) in the cell?

Facilitate export of RNA from nucleus to cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of exportins in the cell?

Facilitate export of tRNAs, rRNAs, and small nuclear RNAs Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitory proteins in stimulated cells?

Allow specific proteins to enter the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of nuclear guanine exchange factor (GEF) in the cell?

Promote the exchange of GDP for GTP Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy source for the export of RNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

GTP hydrolysis Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether an RNA will leave the nucleus?

The entire set of bound proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of export-ready mRNA-bound proteins?

Act as export signal Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of phosphorylation of nuclear localization signals (NLS)?

Prevents recognition by importin Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of nuclear export receptors (Exportins) in the cell?

Recognize and transport export-ready RNAs Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ran-specific regulatory proteins in the conversion between GDP and GTP-bound states of Ran?

Drive the conversion between the two states Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of inhibitory protein phosphorylation and degradation in stimulated cells?

Allow specific proteins to enter the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for driving directional transport through nuclear pore complexes?

Ran GTPase Signup and view all the answers

Which protein promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP in the nucleus?

Nuclear Guanine Exchange Factor (GEF) Signup and view all the answers

What is required for the export of all RNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

Active energy-dependent process Signup and view all the answers

What prevents the recognition of nuclear localization signal (NLS) by importin?

Phosphorylation of NLS Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for transporting most tRNAs, rRNAs, and small nuclear RNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

Exportins Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether an RNA will leave the nucleus?

Entire set of bound proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for converting Ran GTP into Ran GDP in the cytoplasm?

GTPase Activating Protein (GAP) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of nuclear export signals (NES) in the export of proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

They act as export signals Signup and view all the answers

What controls the activity of some gene regulatory proteins by keeping them out of the nuclear compartment until they are needed?

Cytoplasmic inhibitory proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for transporting mRNA-protein complexes across nuclear pores?

Exportins Signup and view all the answers

What allows specific proteins to enter the nucleus in stimulated cells?

Phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitory proteins Signup and view all the answers

What undergoes a series of structural transitions reflecting RNA processing events before entering the nuclear pore complex?

Protein-RNA complex Signup and view all the answers

Nuclear Envelope Traffic and Transport Quiz

Questions and Answers

What type of transport occurs through nuclear pore complexes?

What type of amino acids are nuclear localization signals (NLS) rich in?

What is the role of importin in nuclear protein import?

What type of amino acid sequences do nucleoporins contain?

What is the primary function of nuclear pore complexes?

Which molecules are capable of passive diffusion through nuclear pore complexes?

What is the key feature of nuclear proteins that enables their selective import to the nucleus?

What is the function of FG repeats in nucleoporins?

What is the role of import receptor-protein complexes in nuclear transport?

What is the specific function of importin in nuclear transport?

What is the primary characteristic of nuclear proteins that distinguishes them from cytoplasmic proteins?

What is the primary mechanism by which proteins enter the nucleus?

Which molecule drives directional transport through nuclear pore complexes?

What is the role of nuclear export signals (NES) in the cell?

What is the function of exportins in the cell?

What is the consequence of phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitory proteins in stimulated cells?

What is the primary role of nuclear guanine exchange factor (GEF) in the cell?

What is the energy source for the export of RNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

What determines whether an RNA will leave the nucleus?

What is the role of export-ready mRNA-bound proteins?

What is the consequence of phosphorylation of nuclear localization signals (NLS)?

What is the function of nuclear export receptors (Exportins) in the cell?

What is the role of ran-specific regulatory proteins in the conversion between GDP and GTP-bound states of Ran?

What is the consequence of inhibitory protein phosphorylation and degradation in stimulated cells?

What is responsible for driving directional transport through nuclear pore complexes?

Which protein promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP in the nucleus?

What is required for the export of all RNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

What prevents the recognition of nuclear localization signal (NLS) by importin?

What is responsible for transporting most tRNAs, rRNAs, and small nuclear RNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

What determines whether an RNA will leave the nucleus?

What is responsible for converting Ran GTP into Ran GDP in the cytoplasm?

What is the role of nuclear export signals (NES) in the export of proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

What controls the activity of some gene regulatory proteins by keeping them out of the nuclear compartment until they are needed?

What is responsible for transporting mRNA-protein complexes across nuclear pores?

What allows specific proteins to enter the nucleus in stimulated cells?

What undergoes a series of structural transitions reflecting RNA processing events before entering the nuclear pore complex?

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