Nomenclature in Pathology and Medicine
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Questions and Answers

Which cellular component is primarily affected by oxidative modification of proteins?

  • Cytoskeleton
  • Endoplasmic reticulum (correct)
  • Cell membrane
  • Nucleus

What is the main consequence of intracellular calcium entering the cell during irreversible cell injury?

  • Swelling of lysosomes (correct)
  • Release of stored calcium
  • Activation of DNA repair mechanisms
  • Enhanced ATP production

Which characteristic distinguishes liquefactive necrosis from other types of necrosis?

  • Pyknosis of the nucleus
  • Fragmentation of the cell membrane
  • Presence of intact cell structures
  • Formation of pus (correct)

What is the primary event that initiates the pathogenesis of thrombosis in blood vessels?

<p>Endothelial injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to arterial thrombosis but not venous thrombosis?

<p>Prosthetic cardiac valves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario is embolization most likely to occur in thrombosis?

<p>Propagation of the thrombus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which fibrinolytic agents like t-PA treat thrombosis?

<p>Promoting dissolution of fibrin clot (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect sets arterial thrombosis apart from venous thrombosis?

<p>Occlusive nature leading to ischemia sites (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes arterial thrombosis from venous thrombosis?

<p>Atherosclerosis as a predisposing factor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significantly contributes to the risk of arterial thrombosis?

<p>Pressure exerted by tumors on vessels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of having a uniform nomenclature system in pathology and medicine?

<p>To facilitate accurate epidemiological studies and effective communication among healthcare professionals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms is used to describe a disease that occurs without an apparent cause?

<p>Primary disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main distinguishing characteristic between benign and malignant tumors?

<p>Both (a) and (b) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of epidemiological study is best suited for assessing the association between risk factors and disease prevalence at a particular time?

<p>Cross-sectional study (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of conducting clinical autopsies in hospitals?

<p>To gather useful information and clarify unclear diagnoses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indicator of cellular injury according to the text?

<p>Both (a) and (b) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to describe a disease that has a rapid onset but not necessarily a rapid resolution?

<p>Acute disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between prospective and retrospective epidemiological studies?

<p>Both (a) and (b) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to describe a disease that is a complication or manifestation of an underlying lesion?

<p>Secondary disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of epidemiological studies in pathology and medicine?

<p>To identify the possible causes and modes of acquisition of diseases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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