Questions and Answers
What is an ionic compound?
A molecule made with a metal and a nonmetal.
What's the first step to naming an ionic compound?
Name the elements as you see them.
What's the second step to naming an ionic compound?
Change the ending of the second (last) name to -ide.
Example: name the compound Na2O.
Signup and view all the answers
Example: name the compound CaBr2.
Signup and view all the answers
Example: name the compound Ca3B2.
Signup and view all the answers
What is a covalent compound?
Signup and view all the answers
What's the first step to naming a covalent compound?
Signup and view all the answers
What's the second step to naming a covalent compound?
Signup and view all the answers
What's the third step to naming a covalent compound?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the numerical prefix for one atom?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the numerical prefix for two atoms?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the numerical prefix for three atoms?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the numerical prefix for four atoms?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the numerical prefix for five atoms?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the numerical prefix for six atoms?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the numerical prefix for seven atoms?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the numerical prefix for eight atoms?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the numerical prefix for nine atoms?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the numerical prefix for ten atoms?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the condition in which the first atom in a covalent compound does not need a numerical prefix?
Signup and view all the answers
Example: name the compound H2O.
Signup and view all the answers
Example: name the molecule CO.
Signup and view all the answers
Example: name the molecule CO2.
Signup and view all the answers
Example: name the molecule N2S3.
Signup and view all the answers
What is a polyatomic ion?
Signup and view all the answers
How are polyatomic ions named?
Signup and view all the answers
Example: name the compound LiOH.
Signup and view all the answers
Example: name the compound Na2SO4.
Signup and view all the answers
Example: name the compound (NH4)2S.
Signup and view all the answers
Example: name the compound CaCO3.
Signup and view all the answers
Example: what is the formula for phosphorus tribromide?
Signup and view all the answers
Example: what is the formula for sulfur dichloride?
Signup and view all the answers
Example: what is the formula for aluminum acetate?
Signup and view all the answers
Example: what is the formula for sodium fluoride?
Signup and view all the answers
Example: what is the formula for lithium oxide?
Signup and view all the answers
Example: what is the formula for aluminum sulfide?
Signup and view all the answers
How is it determined how many of each atom there is in an ionic compound (this includes polyatomic ions) formula?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Ionic Compounds
- Formed by a metal and a nonmetal.
- Naming involves two main steps: naming elements directly and changing the ending of the second name to -ide.
- Example compounds: Na2O is sodium oxide, CaBr2 is calcium bromide, Ca3B2 is calcium boride.
Covalent Compounds
- Composed of two nonmetals.
- Naming requires three main steps: naming elements, changing the second name to -ide, and adding prefixes for the number of each atom.
- Example compounds: SO2 is sulfur dioxide, H2O is dihydrogen monoxide, CO is carbon monoxide, CO2 is carbon dioxide, N2S3 is dinitrogen trisulfide.
Numerical Prefixes
- Mono-: one atom
- Di-: two atoms
- Tri-: three atoms
- Tetra-: four atoms
- Penta-: five atoms
- Hexa-: six atoms
- Hepta-: seven atoms
- Octo-: eight atoms
- Nona-: nine atoms
- Deca-: ten atoms
- The prefix is omitted for the first atom in a covalent compound if it is one.
Polyatomic Ions
- Comprised of covalently bonded atoms with a charge, functioning as a single unit.
- Named following the same rules as ionic compounds.
- Example compounds: LiOH is lithium hydroxide, Na2SO4 is sodium sulfate, (NH4)2S is ammonium sulfide, CaCO3 is calcium carbonate.
Chemical Formulas
- Determined by the compound type and naming conventions.
- Example formulas: phosphorus tribromide is PBr3, sulfur dichloride is SCl2, aluminum acetate is Al(CH3COO)3, sodium fluoride is NaF, lithium oxide is Li2O, aluminum sulfide is Al2S3.
Criss-Cross Rule
- Used to determine the composition of ionic compounds, where charges are swapped to balance the formula.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This set of flashcards focuses on the nomenclature of ionic compounds, providing definitions and steps for naming them correctly. Learn the basics, such as identifying ionic compounds and the rules for naming them, through clear and concise definitions. Perfect for chemistry students looking to enhance their understanding of ionic nomenclature.