Nomenclature of Disease and Disease Classification
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary aim of disease classification?

  • Understanding the patient's medical history
  • Describing the signs and symptoms of diseases
  • Determining the best treatment (correct)
  • Identifying the most common diseases
  • How are benign tumors different from malignant tumors?

  • Malignant tumors are never life-threatening
  • Benign tumors rarely spread to other parts of the body (correct)
  • Malignant tumors remain localized in the tissue of origin
  • Benign tumors are always fatal
  • What distinguishes a secondary disease from a primary disease?

  • Primary diseases have an apparent cause
  • Secondary diseases have a rapid onset
  • Primary diseases are always fatal
  • Secondary diseases are complications of an underlying lesion (correct)
  • In disease nomenclature, what does the term 'idiopathic' imply?

    <p>A disease of unknown cause</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of chronic diseases?

    <p>Chronic diseases may follow an acute initial episode and have a prolonged course lasting months or years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do genetic diseases originate?

    <p>Due to abnormalities in the genome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do standard conventions in disease nomenclature help achieve?

    <p>Improve communication and enable accurate epidemiological studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of identifying the causation of a disease through nomenclature?

    <p>&quot;To describe the causation of a disease&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Why are eponymous names used in disease classification?"

    <p>&quot;To honor people or places associated with specific diseases&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "What do prefixes and suffixes help clarify in disease nomenclature?"

    <p>&quot;The pathological features of the disease&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Congenital diseases can be classified into genetic and non-genetic types. What is an example of a non-genetic congenital disease?

    <p>Spina bifida</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the mechanism by which cancer-causing agents lead to the development of tumors?

    <p>Carcinogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lesions are responsible for ill health, such as a myocardial infarction?

    <p>Degenerative lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of prognosis in medical diagnosis?

    <p>To provide information to patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe an aggregate of signs and symptoms necessary for recognizing or diagnosing a disease?

    <p>Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of study involves looking backward over a period to examine past exposure to suspected etiological factors?

    <p>Retrospective study</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the pathology of populations and the distribution of diseases in relation to place and time?

    <p>Epidemiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Idiopathic' diseases are classified under what category?

    <p>'Unknown etiology' diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of births in the UK are affected by congenital diseases?

    <p>5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which disorders do inflammatory, hemodynamic, growth, injury, disordered repair, disordered immunity, metabolic, and degenerative disorders fall under?

    <p>Acquired disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of performing medicolegal autopsies?

    <p>To determine the cause of death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of autopsies are conducted on patients who die in hospitals with unclear diagnoses?

    <p>Clinical autopsies (non-medicolegal)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main recognized types of cell death resulting from irreversible injury?

    <p>Apoptosis and necrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a mechanism of cell injury caused by oxygen-derived free radicals?

    <p>Protein- protein cross-linkages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cell injury, what results from functional and biochemical abnormalities in essential cellular components?

    <p>Cell injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is initiated when the double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids of membrane lipids are attacked by oxygen-derived free radicals?

    <p>Lipid peroxidation of membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of studying cellular responses to stimuli in the context of cell injury?

    <p>To understand cellular adaptation mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do oxygen-derived free radicals play in causing cellular injury?

    <p>Initiation of oxidative damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of ROS generation within cells?

    <p>Causing oxidative damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when cells fail to meet the demand of a challenge that is too great or lasts too long?

    <p>They show signs of injury such as change or loss of function</p> Signup and view all the answers

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