14 Questions
Which term refers to anything that enhances a neurotransmitter's effects?
Agonist
What is the main neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Acetylcholine
What can modify neurotransmitter effects by stimulating or inhibiting synthesis, release, removal, or receptor sites?
Enzymatic degradation
In the context of neurotransmitters, which term refers to anything that blocks the action of a neurotransmitter?
Inhibitor
What is the mechanism by which acetylcholine is inactivated in the nervous system?
Enzymatic degradation by acetylcholinesterase
Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for opening calcium channels and producing excitatory post synaptic potentials (EPSP) in the brain?
Glutamate
In the CNS, which neurotransmitter is inhibitory by opening chloride (Cl-) channels?
Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA)
Where does dopamine (DA) play a significant role in regulating muscle tone and muscle movement in the nervous system?
Substantia nigra at the basal ganglia
What is the main difference between graded potentials (GPs) and action potentials (APs)?
GPs arise on dendrites and cell bodies, while APs arise only at the trigger zone on the axon hillock.
Which type of channels are involved in producing action potentials (APs)?
Voltage-gated ion channels
What is the main effect of an inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)?
It causes the postsynaptic cell to become more negative or hyperpolarized, making it less likely to reach threshold.
How is the removal of neurotransmitter achieved through enzymatic degradation?
Through acetylcholinesterase.
What is one method of removing neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft?
Diffusion down a concentration gradient
Which cellular effect is associated with an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)?
Postsynaptic cell is more likely to reach threshold
Test your knowledge of neurotransmitters and their effects on movement, sleep, appetite, mood, happiness, and pleasure. Learn about the different types of neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, glutamate, GABA, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine.
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