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Questions and Answers
What components make up the peripheral nervous system?
What components make up the peripheral nervous system?
- The brain and spinal cord
- Cranial and spinal nerves along with ganglia (correct)
- Only spinal nerves and their associated ganglia
- Only cranial nerves
What type of tissue supports the axons within the peripheral nervous system?
What type of tissue supports the axons within the peripheral nervous system?
- Epithelial tissue
- Adipose tissue
- Dense connective tissue
- Areolar tissue (correct)
Which statement about the components of peripheral nerves is accurate?
Which statement about the components of peripheral nerves is accurate?
- They are composed of glial cells exclusively.
- They consist of bundles of neuron processes (axons). (correct)
- They are primarily made of muscle tissue.
- Peripheral nerves only contain neuron cell bodies.
Which of the following is NOT a part of the peripheral nervous system?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the peripheral nervous system?
What is primarily contained in the peripheral nervous system?
What is primarily contained in the peripheral nervous system?
What is the primary function of the nervous system?
What is the primary function of the nervous system?
Which statement correctly describes the central and peripheral nervous systems?
Which statement correctly describes the central and peripheral nervous systems?
What is one key distinction between arteries and veins?
What is one key distinction between arteries and veins?
Which classification distinguishes superficial fascia from deep fascia?
Which classification distinguishes superficial fascia from deep fascia?
What characterizes superficial fascia in contrast to deep fascia?
What characterizes superficial fascia in contrast to deep fascia?
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in total?
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in total?
Which type of root is responsible for carrying sensory information to the spinal cord?
Which type of root is responsible for carrying sensory information to the spinal cord?
Which segment of spinal nerves is NOT correctly matched with its corresponding vertebral column region?
Which segment of spinal nerves is NOT correctly matched with its corresponding vertebral column region?
What is the primary function of the anterior ramus?
What is the primary function of the anterior ramus?
What type of spinal nerves are classified as mixed nerves?
What type of spinal nerves are classified as mixed nerves?
Which statement about cranial nerves is true?
Which statement about cranial nerves is true?
What is a ganglion in the nervous system?
What is a ganglion in the nervous system?
Where do cranial nerves pass through?
Where do cranial nerves pass through?
How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?
How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?
What distinguishes cranial nerves from spinal nerves?
What distinguishes cranial nerves from spinal nerves?
What type of bleeding is typically associated with an arterial injury?
What type of bleeding is typically associated with an arterial injury?
How does the bleeding pattern in arteries differ from that in veins?
How does the bleeding pattern in arteries differ from that in veins?
What is a significant characteristic of veins compared to arteries regarding their structure?
What is a significant characteristic of veins compared to arteries regarding their structure?
What effect does the presence of valves in veins have on blood flow?
What effect does the presence of valves in veins have on blood flow?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the pattern of distribution of blood vessels?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the pattern of distribution of blood vessels?
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Study Notes
Nervous System
- Controls and integrates bodily functions
- Has two main parts: central and peripheral nervous systems
Central Nervous System
- Comprises brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System
- Includes cranial and spinal nerves
- Contains bundles of neuron processes (axons) supported by delicate areolar tissue
- Has ganglia, which are clusters of neuron cell bodies outside the central nervous system
Cranial Nerves
- 12 pairs of cranial nerves branch off the brain and upper spinal cord
- Pass through openings (foramina) in the skull
- Can be motor, sensory or mixed
Spinal Nerves
- 31 pairs of spinal nerves leave the spinal cord
- Pass through intervertebral foramina
- Named based on the region of the vertebral column they associate with:
- 8 cervical
- 12 thoracic
- 5 lumbar
- 5 sacral
- 1 coccygeal
- Are mixed nerves
Spinal Nerve Components
- Two roots connect each spinal nerve to the spinal cord:
- Posterior (dorsal) root: afferent (sensory)
- Anterior (ventral) root: efferent (motor)
- Mixed nerve trunk: Formed by the union of both roots
- Anterior (ventral) ramus: Supplies muscles and skin of the front and forms plexuses
- Posterior (dorsal) ramus: Supplies muscles and skin of the back, does not form plexuses
Blood Vessels
- Arteries: Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
- Thick muscular walls
- Have valves
- Bleed in a projectile manner with injury
- Have a tree-like pattern of branching
- Veins: Carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart
- Thin walls
- Have valves
- Bleed continuously with injury
- Have a river-like pattern of branching
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