Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the two primary divisions of the nervous system?
What are the two primary divisions of the nervous system?
Which of the following is NOT a type of neuroglia?
Which of the following is NOT a type of neuroglia?
Which function is specifically associated with microglial cells?
Which function is specifically associated with microglial cells?
What is the primary role of the neuron cell body?
What is the primary role of the neuron cell body?
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The structures called nuclei are clusters of neuron cell bodies located in which nervous system division?
The structures called nuclei are clusters of neuron cell bodies located in which nervous system division?
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What component of neuroglia helps to insulate neuron axons?
What component of neuroglia helps to insulate neuron axons?
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Which of the following is true about neuroglia?
Which of the following is true about neuroglia?
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What are chromatophilic substances primarily involved in?
What are chromatophilic substances primarily involved in?
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Study Notes
Nervous System Overview
- The nervous system is the master integrating and coordinating system
- It continuously monitors and processes sensory information from both the external and internal environments
- It processes information and produces responses, much like a computer
- Two major divisions: central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS)
- CNS includes brain and spinal cord
- PNS includes nerves, receptors and clusters of neuron cell bodies
Nervous Tissue Types
- Nervous tissue is comprised of two main cell types: neurons and neuroglia
- Neurons are the basic functional units and transmit nerve impulses
- Neuroglia support and protect neurons; they do not transmit impulses
Neuroglia
- Neuroglia, also called glial cells, are found in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).
- CNS neuroglia: astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglial cells, and ependymal cells
- PNS neuroglia: Schwann cells and satellite cells
- Neuroglia play various roles, including: supporting and protecting neurons, acting as phagocytes (microglial cells), myelination, and maintaining the chemical environment around neurons
Neurons
- Neurons are highly specialized cells to transmit nerve impulses
- Neurons have a cell body (soma)
- Processes (extensions) from the cell body include dendrites (receptive region) and axon
- Cell body is the biosynthetic center of the neuron
- Neuron cell bodies, which make up gray matter, form clusters called nuclei in the CNS and ganglia in the PNS
- Neuron cell bodies contain a large round nucleus and prominent structures like neurofibrils providing support and pathways for transport of substances and chromatophilic substance, clusters of rough endoplasmic reticulum, involved in protein synthesis
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Description
Explore the complex structure and function of the nervous system with this quiz. Understand the roles of the central and peripheral nervous systems, as well as the types of nervous tissue, including neurons and neuroglia. Test your knowledge on how these components work together to process information and produce responses.
