Questions and Answers
What are the characteristics of Neoclassical architecture?
What is a colonnade?
Tall columns that often rise the full height of the building.
What historical period occurred in Greece from 1600-1100 B.C.?
Classical period
What were most Greek buildings used for?
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What is a pediment?
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What is found under the pediment?
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Which of the following describes classical architecture?
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What did architects use to create the 'perfect' proportions?
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Today, Greek classical architecture is only used in Greece.
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What is the Neoclassical style?
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Where can Neoclassical architecture be found in the US?
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What does a column consist of?
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Study Notes
Neoclassical Architecture Characteristics
- Balanced and often symmetrical design features.
- Little ornamentation, emphasizing a plain and simple aesthetic.
- Common architectural elements include colonnades, triangular pediments, and domed roofs.
Colonnade
- Tall columns that typically extend the full height of the building, providing structural support and aesthetic appeal.
Examples of Neoclassical Buildings
- White House, North Portico: A prominent example showcasing neoclassical elements.
- University of Virginia: Designed by Thomas Jefferson, reflecting neoclassical principles.
- Neue Wache, Berlin: A significant memorial structure embodying neoclassical design.
- Osterley Park House: Exhibits the elegance and simplicity characteristic of neoclassical architecture.
Historical Context
- Greece: Birthplace of classical architecture, flourishing during the classical period (1600-1100 B.C.).
- Greek temples were primarily constructed to honor gods, featuring a portico and a long hall encircled by a colonnade.
Architectural Terms
- Pediment: Triangular structure positioned above the colonnade, often adorned with sculptures.
- Frieze: Sculptural relief situated beneath the pediment, contributing to the decorative elements of the building.
Architectural Principles
- Neoclassical architecture is defined by simplicity and proportion, reflecting the ideals of classical design.
- Mathematical principles were utilized by architects to achieve what was considered "perfect" proportions in structures.
Modern Influence
- Today, neoclassical elements are integrated by architects worldwide, reflecting both style and historicity.
Neoclassical Revival
- The neoclassical movement (1750-1800) emerged as a strong revival of classical style in Europe, countering the ornate Baroque period—also known as the Greek Revival.
Application in the United States
- Neoclassical architecture is prevalent in various structures, including churches, government buildings, and residential homes.
Column Composition
- Columns consist of four main parts: base, shaft, capital, and stylobate, each playing a crucial role in the overall structure and aesthetics.
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Test your knowledge of neoclassical architecture with these flashcards. Each card presents key terms and definitions related to this architectural style, focusing on characteristics, structures, and notable examples. Perfect for students and enthusiasts alike!
