Nail Disorders Flashcards

Corrugations: Wavy ridges from uneven nail growth due to illness or injury. Ridge fillers can smooth appearance.
Onychauxis: Overgrowth in nail thickness, not length. Caused by localized infection or heredity; can be filed for better look.
Leuconychia: White spots on nails from injury at the nail base, causing air bubbles. Spots grow out over time and can be concealed with polish.
Tile-shaped nails: Characterized by increased crosswise curvature of the nail plate due to curvature of the matrix bed.

Beau's lines: Visible depressions across the nail plate indicating past nail trauma or stress.
Furrows: Lengthwise or crosswise depressions in the nail, often the result of illness, injury, stress, or pregnancy.
Onychophagy: Common nail disorder characterized by bitten nails resulting from nervous habits.
Melanonychia: Darkening of fingernails or toenails, manifests as black bands under the nail plate due to increased pigment cells.

Onychatrophia: Wasting away of the nail from injury or internal disease, resulting in loss of shine and possible shedding.
Pterygium: Forward growth of the cuticle linked to skin adherence at the nail base. May relate to circulatory issues; hot oil manicures recommended.
Onychorrhexis: Condition marked by split or brittle nails, often due to improper filing, vitamins deficiency, or illness. Can benefit from hot oil manicures and nail oils.

Plicatured nail: A "folded nail" with a flat surface and edges at a 90-degree angle to the skin.
Blue nail: Discoloration due to poor circulation or heart complications; regular nail services are allowable.
Hangnail (Agnail): Cracked cuticle skin around the nail, often from dryness, rough cuticle removal, or nervous habits.
Bruised nail: Dark spot under the nail indicating bleeding due to injury; handle gently as it may be tender.
Eggshell nails (Hapalonychia): Thin and flexible nails often tied to dietary deficiencies or heredity; nail strengtheners are suggested.
Trumpet or Pincer nails: Nail condition where edges curl to form a trumpet shape at the free edge, which can constrict the nail bed and cause pain.