Nail Disorders and Diseases - Milady Flashcards

Nail Disorders and Diseases

• Beau's Lines: Characterized by visible depressions across the nail, often a sign of major illness or trauma.

• Bruised Nails: Formed due to blood clots under the nail plate, causing dark spots typically from minor injuries.

• Discolored Nails: May exhibit various colors indicating surface staining, systemic disorders, or circulation issues.

• Eggshell Nails: Feature thin, white, and flexible nail plates that curl over the free edge.

• Hangnail: Condition where surrounding living tissue splits or tears, also known as agnail.

• Leukonychia Spots: Whitish nail discolorations caused by matrix injury, unrelated to body health or vitamin deficiencies.

• Melanonychia: Darkening of nails, presenting as a black band extending from the base to the free edge.

• Nail Disorder: Refers to any condition caused by injury or disease affecting the nail unit.

• Nail Psoriasis: A noninfectious ailment causing pits or roughness on the nail surface.

• Nail Pterygium: Abnormal skin growth due to stretching by the nail, often from severe injuries or chemical reactions.

• Onychia: Inflammation of the nail matrix leading to the shedding of the natural nail.

• Onychocryptosis: Also known as ingrown nails, where the nail grows into the surrounding tissue.

• Onycholysis: The separation of the nail plate from the nail bed, starting at the free edge.

• Onychomadesis: The complete separation and loss of a nail plate from its bed.

• Onychomycosis: A fungal infection affecting the natural nail plate.

• Onychophagy: Resulting from the habit of chewing nails or surrounding skin, also referred to as bitten nails.

• Onychorrhexis: Characterized by split or brittle nails with lengthwise ridges, leading to a rough appearance.

• Onychosis: A broad term for any deformity or disease of natural nails.

• Paronychia: Bacterial infection around the nail causing redness, pus, and inflammation.

• Pincer Nail: Increased curvature of the nail plate forming a trumpet-like shape at the free edge.

• Plicatured Nail: Highly curved nails resulting from matrix injury, potentially inherited.

• Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: Common bacteria that can lead to nail infections.

• Pyogenic Granuloma: Severe inflammation resulting in red tissue growth from the nail bed to the nail plate.

• Ridges: Vertical lines on nails caused by uneven growth, often associated with aging.

• Splinter Hemorrhages: Tiny blood spots due to trauma damaging nail bed capillaries.

• Tinea Pedis: Fungal infection of the feet, typically showing red, itchy rashes on the soles and between toes.

• Signs of Infection: Recognized by redness, swelling, pus, and pain.

• Causes of Hangnails: Often arise from dry skin and small cuts.

• Salmon Patches: Yellowish to reddish spots under the nail plate seen in nail psoriasis.

• Spread of Bacteria: Conditions such as unclean environments promote bacterial growth.

• Fungi: Parasites responsible for infections in hands and feet.