Muscular System and Connective Tissues Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What connects muscles to bones?

Aponeurosis

Ligament

Bursa

Tendon (correct)

What is an aponeurosis?

A type of muscle

A type of bursa

A sheet of connective tissue (correct)

A band of connective tissue

What is the most famous aponeurosis mentioned in the content?

Transverse fascia

Linea alba (correct)

Bicipital bursa

Tendon sheath

What role do bursae serve in relation to tendons?

They protect tendons from underlying bone. Signup and view all the answers

Which structure surrounds a tendon and is filled with synovial fluid?

Tendon sheath Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of lameness in larger dogs according to the information provided?

Bursa inflammation Signup and view all the answers

Where is an incision typically made to enter the abdomen during a spay surgery?

Linea alba Signup and view all the answers

What type of connective tissue are both tendons and aponeuroses made of?

Dense connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is NOT mentioned in relation to the abdominal wall?

Serratus anterior Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for the plural of bursa?

Bursae Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle is primarily responsible for voluntary movements?

Skeletal muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of tendons in the muscular system?

Connect muscles to bones Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a muscle that opposes the action of another muscle?

Antagonist Signup and view all the answers

What structure is primarily involved in the connectivity between a nerve and a muscle cell?

Neuromuscular junction Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of bursae in the muscular system?

Reduce friction between tissues Signup and view all the answers

During muscle contraction, which ion is crucial for initiating the process?

Calcium Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of muscle is involuntary and found in the walls of the heart?

Cardiac muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of cutaneous muscles such as the cutaneous trunci?

Aid in skin movement Signup and view all the answers

What type of muscle contractions are characterized by a sustained state of tension without relaxation?

Tetanic contraction Signup and view all the answers

What role do the muscles of mastication play in the body?

Enabling chewing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of the diaphragm during inspiration?

Contracts to flatten Signup and view all the answers

What muscles are primarily responsible for expiration?

Internal intercostal muscles Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle group does the latissimus dorsi belong to?

Extrinsic muscles of the thoracic limb Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle flexes the neck when the forelimb is fixed?

Brachiocephalicus muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the insertion point for the pectoral muscles?

Greater/lesser tubercle of humerus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles extends the neck and raises the head?

Trapezius Signup and view all the answers

What does the origin of a muscle do during movement?

Remains mostly stationary Signup and view all the answers

What is the main action of the external abdominal oblique muscle?

Abdominal compression Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles are found on the cranial aspect of the lower forelimb?

Carpal extensors Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is NOT one of the five that insert on the calcaneus via the common calcanean tendon?

Tibialis anterior m. Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is deep to the trapezius?

Rhomboideus Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a fixator muscle?

Resists movement at a joint Signup and view all the answers

What action does the internal intercostal muscle perform during expiration?

Contracts to draw ribs together Signup and view all the answers

What action do the SDF and DDF muscles perform collectively?

Act as synergists to assist the agonist Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is primarily responsible for chewing?

Temporalis m. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the external abdominal oblique muscle?

Flexes the vertebral column Signup and view all the answers

During which activity does the masseter muscle primarily engage?

Bringing the mandible up for chewing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of cutaneous muscles?

Located beneath the skin Signup and view all the answers

What role does an antagonist muscle serve in relation to an agonist?

Performs the opposite action of the agonist Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the hock if the common calcanean tendon ruptures?

It becomes hyper-flexed Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Skeletal Muscles - Basics & Specifics

Skeletal muscles are composed of different types of muscle cells
Muscle cells contract and relax to move bones
Tendons connect muscle to bone
Aponeuroses are sheet-like tendons that connect muscle to bone for flat muscles
Bursae are fluid-filled sacs that cushion tendons and help prevent friction
Tendon sheaths are tubes surrounding tendons to reduce friction
Muscles can be grouped (e.g. agonist, antagonist, synergists, fixator) based on their function in a specific movement
Examples of muscle function are mastication (chewing), respiration (breathing) and movement.

Types of Muscles

Three types of muscle cells
Smooth
Cardiac
Skeletal

Muscle Attachment

Origins of muscles don't move much, usually proximal
Insertion moves when the muscle contracts, usually distal
Examples include common calcanean tendon (Achilles tendon)

Muscle Actions

Muscles can be agonist (main mover), antagonist, synergist or fixator.
These roles are determined by the desired movement and their function is relative to other muscles.
Examples include muscles of mastication and muscles responsible for breathing
Muscles of respiration
Diaphragm
External intercostal muscles
Internal intercostal muscles

Cutaneous Muscles

Also known as 'twitch' muscles
Unique in that they lie beneath the skin
Move in response to touch
They are unique to non-humans
Not typically attached to bone
e.g Cutaneous trunci

Other Important Information

Linea alba is a prominent aponeurosis in the abdominal wall
Abdominal muscles include external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal oblique, transverse abdominal, and Rectus abdominis
Surgical approach to the abdomen often includes working through the linea alba
Muscles of the head and neck include Temporalis, Masseter, Digastricus and various neck muscles.
Muscles of the thoracic limb include Trapezius, Brachiocephalicus, Omotransversarius, Latissimus dorsi, superficial pectorals, deep pectorals and serratus ventralis.
Muscles of the pelvic limb include Gluteals (hip extensors), Hamstring group, Quadriceps femoris, Gastrocnemius, extensors of tarsus and flexors of digits.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the structures and functions of the muscular system, including tendons, aponeuroses, and bursae. This quiz covers important concepts such as muscle types, surgical techniques, and conditions affecting dogs. Perfect for students looking to solidify their understanding of anatomy related to muscles and connective tissues.