Multi-tier Architecture and Load Balancing Quiz
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Questions and Answers

In a traditional teleprocessing architecture, where is all processing performed?

  • In a separate central processing unit (CPU)
  • At the terminals
  • Distributed across a network of computers
  • Within the boundaries of the same physical computer (correct)

    • What was a significant burden on the central computer in the traditional teleprocessing architecture?

  • Communicating with the file-server
  • Carrying out work on behalf of the terminals
  • Formatting data for display on the screen
  • Running application programs and the DBMS (correct)

    • In a file-server architecture, where do the applications and DBMS run?

  • On the file-server
  • On each workstation (correct)
  • On a separate central server
  • On dedicated terminal servers

    • What is the primary purpose of a file server in a file-server architecture?

    <p>Providing shared storage for computer files</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of the file-server architecture mentioned in the text?

    <p>Large network traffic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component separates into client and server in the client–server architecture?

    <p>User interface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the advantages of three-tier architecture mentioned in the text?

    <p>Less expensive hardware, centralized application maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What problem does three-tier architecture eliminate compared to the traditional two-tier client–server model?

    <p>Software distribution concerns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of middleware allows subscribers to receive messages without knowledge of publishers?

    <p>Publish/subscribe middleware</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is a standard for server programming in Java?

    <p>Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (JEE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of application servers in a multi-tier architecture?

    <p>Hosting an API for business logic and processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In high-throughput environments, what can replace a single web server for load balancing?

    <p>A set of web servers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does CORBA enable across languages and computers?

    <p>Interoperability of software components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Transaction Processing Monitors (TP Monitors)?

    <p>Manage distributed transactions and provide load balancing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Java Transaction API (JTA)?

    <p>Enabling distributed transactions in a Java environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Web services differ from other Web-based applications?

    <p>They have no user interface and share business logic, data, and processes programmatically across a network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is NOT emphasized in RESTful Web services?

    <p>SOAP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key focus of Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA)?

    <p>Loose coupling and reusability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cost for Amazon S3 storage usage based on?

    <p>$0.125 per GB for the first 50TB/month</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is NOT a key part of Web services?

    <p>.NET Framework</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of the file-server architecture mentioned in the text?

    <p>Large network traffic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a three-tier client–server architecture, where does the user interface layer run?

    <p>On the end user’s computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the traditional two-tier client–server architecture lack compared to the three-tier design?

    <p>Enterprise scalability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of N-tier architectures mentioned in the text?

    <p>Flexibility and scalability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of middleware in a distributed system?

    <p>To connect software components and allow communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of middleware enables asynchronous calls between client and server applications?

    <p>Asynchronous RPC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard for server programming in Java?

    <p>Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (JEE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In high-throughput environments, what can replace a single web server for load balancing?

    <p>A set of web servers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Transaction Processing Monitors (TP Monitors)?

    <p>Managing distributed transactions and providing load balancing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does CORBA enable across languages and computers?

    <p>Enables software components to work together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Database-oriented middleware like ODBC and JDBC?

    <p>Provide a single interface for accessing various databases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key focus of Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA)?

    <p>Sharing business logic, data, and processes programmatically across a network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is NOT a key part of Web services?

    <p>JSON</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of RESTful Web services?

    <p>Exchanging representations of resources using a standardized interface and protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary emphasis of Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA)?

    <p>Flexibility and reusability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key principle of SOA design approach?

    <p>Adherence to communication contracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a traditional teleprocessing architecture, where is all processing performed?

    <p>Within the boundaries of the same physical computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a file server in a file-server architecture?

    <p>Providing shared storage for computer files</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant burden on the central computer in the traditional teleprocessing architecture?

    <p>Carrying out work on behalf of terminals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the terminals' messages routed through in a traditional teleprocessing architecture?

    <p>Communications control subsystem of the operating system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Web Services, REST, and Service-Oriented Architectures

    • Web services examples include Microsoft Bing Maps, Google Maps, Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3), Geonames, DOTS Web services, and Xignite
    • Amazon S3 charges are based on a "pay-as-you-go" policy, currently $0.125 per GB for the first 50TB/month of storage used
    • Key technologies and standards in Web services include XML, SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), WSDL (Web Services Description Language), and UDDI (Universal Discovery, Description, and Integration)
    • RESTful Web services emphasize moving away from SOAP-based services towards Representational State Transfer (REST) based communications
    • REST services do not require XML, SOAP, WSDL, or UDDI definitions, and are based on an architectural style that specifies constraints for desirable properties
    • REST architecture style adopts a client-server architecture, uses a stateless communication protocol, and exchanges representations of resources using a standardized interface and protocol
    • Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA) is a business-centric software architecture for building applications that implement business processes as sets of services published at a granularity relevant to the service consumer
    • SOA emphasizes flexibility and reusability as key requirements for businesses in a rapidly changing technological landscape
    • SOA architecture typically involves three processes: Service Scheduling, Order Processing, and Account Management, each accessing a number of databases
    • SOA aims to design loosely coupled and autonomous services that can be combined to provide flexible composite business processes and applications
    • Common SOA principles include loose coupling, reusability, and adherence to a communications contract defining information exchange and service description information
    • SOA design approach focuses on building Web services for SOA with an emphasis on loose coupling, reusability, and adherence to communication contracts.

    Web Services, REST, and Service-Oriented Architectures

    • Web services examples include Microsoft Bing Maps, Google Maps, Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3), Geonames, DOTS Web services, and Xignite
    • Amazon S3 charges are based on a "pay-as-you-go" policy, currently $0.125 per GB for the first 50TB/month of storage used
    • Key technologies and standards in Web services include XML, SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), WSDL (Web Services Description Language), and UDDI (Universal Discovery, Description, and Integration)
    • RESTful Web services emphasize moving away from SOAP-based services towards Representational State Transfer (REST) based communications
    • REST services do not require XML, SOAP, WSDL, or UDDI definitions, and are based on an architectural style that specifies constraints for desirable properties
    • REST architecture style adopts a client-server architecture, uses a stateless communication protocol, and exchanges representations of resources using a standardized interface and protocol
    • Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA) is a business-centric software architecture for building applications that implement business processes as sets of services published at a granularity relevant to the service consumer
    • SOA emphasizes flexibility and reusability as key requirements for businesses in a rapidly changing technological landscape
    • SOA architecture typically involves three processes: Service Scheduling, Order Processing, and Account Management, each accessing a number of databases
    • SOA aims to design loosely coupled and autonomous services that can be combined to provide flexible composite business processes and applications
    • Common SOA principles include loose coupling, reusability, and adherence to a communications contract defining information exchange and service description information
    • SOA design approach focuses on building Web services for SOA with an emphasis on loose coupling, reusability, and adherence to communication contracts.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of multi-tier architecture and load balancing with this quiz. Learn about splitting the middle tier, web farms for load balancing, and the role of application servers in hosting APIs.

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