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Multi-Tier Architecture and Load Balancing Quiz
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Multi-Tier Architecture and Load Balancing Quiz

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Questions and Answers

In the traditional teleprocessing architecture for multi-user systems, where is all processing performed?

  • Primarily on the terminals
  • Routed through the communications control subsystem
  • Distributed across multiple physical computers
  • Within the boundaries of the same physical computer (correct)
  • What was a significant burden on the central computer in the traditional teleprocessing architecture?

  • Running application programs and the DBMS (correct)
  • Routing messages to user's terminals
  • Carrying out work on behalf of the terminals
  • Formatting data for display on the screen
  • In a file-server architecture, where do applications and the DBMS run?

  • On the file server
  • On a centralized mainframe
  • On a separate dedicated server
  • On each workstation (correct)
  • What is the primary purpose of a file server in a file-server environment?

    <p>Providing shared storage for computer files</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of middleware allows subscribers to receive messages without knowledge of publishers?

    <p>Publish/subscribe middleware</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a standard for server programming in Java?

    <p>Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (JEE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which middleware type defines six main types, including asynchronous and synchronous RPC?

    <p>Hurwitz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the .NET Framework offer for middle-tier development?

    <p>.NET Framework is Microsoft’s offering for middle-tier development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of the file-server architecture mentioned in the text?

    <p>Large network traffic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the major components of data-intensive business applications according to the text?

    <p>Database, transaction logic, business and data application logic, user interface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a three-tier client–server architecture, where does the user interface layer typically run?

    <p>On end user’s computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the three-tier design in 1995 address for enterprise scalability?

    <p>Traditional two-tier client–server architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the emphasis of RESTful Web services?

    <p>Moving away from SOAP-based services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key technology or standard in Web services?

    <p>SOAP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Amazon S3 charge for storage usage?

    <p>$0.125 per GB for the first 50TB/month</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common principle of Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA)?

    <p>Loose coupling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Transaction Processing Monitors (TP Monitors)?

    <p>Managing distributed transactions and providing load balancing and funneling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Java Transaction API (JTA) enable in a Java environment?

    <p>Distributed transactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Web services?

    <p>Supporting interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Database-oriented middleware like ODBC and JDBC?

    <p>Providing a single interface for accessing various databases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is NOT a key component of Web services?

    <p>JSON</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of RESTful Web services?

    <p>Standardized interface and protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Amazon S3 charge for the first 50TB/month of storage used?

    <p>$0.125 per GB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA)?

    <p>Flexibility and reusability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which architecture style adopts a client-server architecture and uses a stateless communication protocol?

    <p>REST architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Multi-User DBMS Architectures Overview

    • CORBA is a standard by OMG that enables software components across languages and computers to work together.
    • Orbix by Progress Software is a commercial ORB middleware product.
    • SQL-oriented data access middleware connects applications with databases and translates SQL requests.
    • Database-oriented middleware like ODBC and JDBC provide a single interface for accessing various databases.
    • Transaction Processing Monitors (TP Monitors) provide a consistent environment for online transaction processing.
    • TP Monitors manage distributed transactions and provide load balancing and funneling.
    • They control transactions using the X/Open Distributed Transaction Processing (DTP) standard.
    • TP Monitors act as transaction managers and maintain database consistency, offloading processes from the DBMS server.
    • Prominent examples of TP Monitors include CICS and Tuxedo from Oracle Corporation.
    • The Java Transaction API (JTA) enables distributed transactions in a Java environment.
    • Web services support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network.
    • Unlike other Web-based applications, Web services have no user interface and share business logic, data, and processes programmatically across a network.

    Web Services, REST, and Service-Oriented Architectures

    • Web services examples include Microsoft Bing Maps, Google Maps, Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3), Geonames, DOTS Web services, and Xignite
    • Amazon S3 charges are based on a "pay-as-you-go" policy, currently $0.125 per GB for the first 50TB/month of storage used
    • Key technologies and standards in Web services include XML, SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), WSDL (Web Services Description Language), and UDDI (Universal Discovery, Description, and Integration)
    • RESTful Web services emphasize moving away from SOAP-based services towards Representational State Transfer (REST) based communications
    • REST services do not require XML, SOAP, WSDL, or UDDI definitions, and are based on an architectural style that specifies constraints for desirable properties
    • REST architecture style adopts a client-server architecture, uses a stateless communication protocol, and exchanges representations of resources using a standardized interface and protocol
    • Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA) is a business-centric software architecture for building applications that implement business processes as sets of services published at a granularity relevant to the service consumer
    • SOA emphasizes flexibility and reusability as key requirements for businesses in a rapidly changing technological landscape
    • SOA architecture typically involves three processes: Service Scheduling, Order Processing, and Account Management, each accessing a number of databases
    • SOA aims to design loosely coupled and autonomous services that can be combined to provide flexible composite business processes and applications
    • Common SOA principles include loose coupling, reusability, and adherence to a communications contract defining information exchange and service description information
    • SOA design approach focuses on building Web services for SOA with an emphasis on loose coupling, reusability, and adherence to communication contracts.

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    Test your knowledge on multi-tier architecture, application servers, and load balancing in high throughput environments. Learn about the roles of web servers and application servers in a multi-user DBMS architecture.

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