MT Chapter 6: Spelling Test Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the definition of esophagoscopy?

Examination of the colon

Surgical removal of part of the stomach

Inflammation of the appendix

Visual examination of the esophagus (correct)

What does dyspepsia mean?

Difficult or painful digestion

What is hyperemesis?

Excessive vomiting

What does sublingual refer to?

Pertaining to under the tongue Signup and view all the answers

Define esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Visual examination of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum Signup and view all the answers

What does hematemesis mean?

Vomiting blood Signup and view all the answers

Define gastrectomy.

Surgical removal of all or part of the stomach Signup and view all the answers

What is a rectocele?

Hernia or swelling of the rectum Signup and view all the answers

Define gastritis.

Inflammation of the stomach Signup and view all the answers

What are esophageal ulcers?

Ulcers in the esophagus Signup and view all the answers

What does appendicitis refer to?

Inflammation of the appendix Signup and view all the answers

What is cholangiography?

Process of recording the bile vessel Signup and view all the answers

Define dysphagia.

Difficult or painful swallowing or eating Signup and view all the answers

What does pancreatolithiasis mean?

Abnormal condition of the pancreatic stones Signup and view all the answers

What is laparoscopy?

Visual examination of the abdomen Signup and view all the answers

Define colitis.

Inflammation of the colon Signup and view all the answers

What is borborygmus?

Gurgling or rumbling sound heard over the large intestine caused by gas moving through the intestines Signup and view all the answers

What does jaundice refer to?

Yellowish discoloration of skin or whites of eyes Signup and view all the answers

Define antacids.

Drug category to neutralize acids in the stomach Signup and view all the answers

What are antiemetics?

Drug category to control nausea and vomiting Signup and view all the answers

What do laxatives do?

Relieve constipation and facilitate passage of feces Signup and view all the answers

Define cholecystolithiasis.

Abnormal condition of the gallbladder stone Signup and view all the answers

What is cholecystitis?

Inflammation of the gallbladder Signup and view all the answers

What does choledocholith mean?

Stone or calculus in the bile duct Signup and view all the answers

Define gingivitis.

Inflammation of the gums Signup and view all the answers

What is gastroscopy?

Visual examination of the stomach Signup and view all the answers

What does anorexia mean?

Loss of appetite Signup and view all the answers

Define duodenoscopy.

Visual examination of the duodenum Signup and view all the answers

What is a hemorrhoid?

Mass of enlarged, twisted varicose veins in the rectum Signup and view all the answers

Define hematochezia.

Passage of stools containing bright red blood Signup and view all the answers

What does enteropathy refer to?

Disease in the intestines Signup and view all the answers

What is gastroenteroanastomosis?

Surgical connection between the stomach and the small intestines Signup and view all the answers

Define jejunoorrhaphy.

Suture of the jejunum Signup and view all the answers

What is proctoscopy?

Visual examination of the anus and rectum Signup and view all the answers

Define endoscopy.

Visual examination of the interior of organs with an endoscope Signup and view all the answers

What is colonoscopy?

Visual examination of the colon Signup and view all the answers

What does colostomy entail?

Creating an opening in the colon Signup and view all the answers

Define ileostomy.

Creating an opening in the ileum Signup and view all the answers

What is sigmoidoscopy?

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon Signup and view all the answers

Define hepatitis.

Inflammation of the liver Signup and view all the answers

What does hepatomegaly refer to?

Enlargement of the liver Signup and view all the answers

Define cirrhosis.

Chronic liver disease characterized by destruction of liver cells Signup and view all the answers

What is stool guaiac?

Laboratory test performed on feces to detect blood Signup and view all the answers

Define Hemoccult test.

Laboratory test performed on feces to detect blood Signup and view all the answers

What is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Condition characterized by gastrointestinal signs and symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Define inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Ulceration of the colon mucosa Signup and view all the answers

What is esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)?

Visualization of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum Signup and view all the answers

What is endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)?

Test that uses contrast dye to visualize gallbladder and pancreas Signup and view all the answers

Define fasting blood sugar (FBS).

Analysis of blood sugar levels after fasting Signup and view all the answers

What does gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) mean?

Backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus Signup and view all the answers

What does gastrointestinal (GI) refer to?

The stomach and intestines Signup and view all the answers

What is diverticulosis?

Condition involving pouches in the colon Signup and view all the answers

Define hernia.

Protrusion of an organ through an abnormal opening Signup and view all the answers

What is celiac disease?

Autoimmune disorder affecting the small intestine Signup and view all the answers

What does dysentery mean?

Infection causing severe diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

What is a polyp?

Abnormal growth in the lining of an organ Signup and view all the answers

Define obesity.

Condition where a person has accumulated 20% above ideal body weight Signup and view all the answers

What is ascites?

Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Terminology: Gastrointestinal Terms

Esophagoscopy: Visual examination of the esophagus to diagnose disorders.
Dyspepsia: Refers to difficult or painful digestion, often associated with discomfort in the upper abdomen.
Hyperemesis: A condition characterized by excessive vomiting, possibly leading to dehydration.
Sublingual: Describes the location beneath the tongue, relevant for medication administration.
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD): A procedure that allows visualization of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
Hematemesis: Involves vomiting blood, indicating serious underlying conditions.
Gastrectomy: Surgical procedure involving the removal of part or all of the stomach, often due to cancer or ulcers.
Rectocele: A hernia that involves swelling of the rectum, potentially leading to obstructed bowel movements.
Gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach lining, leading to symptoms like nausea and vomiting.
Esophageal Ulcers: Open sores that develop in the esophagus, usually due to acid exposure.
Appendicitis: Inflammation of the appendix, often resulting in abdominal pain and requiring emergency surgery.
Cholangiography: Imaging technique used to visualize bile ducts, aid in diagnosing conditions like blockages.
Dysphagia: Difficult or painful swallowing, often linked to structural or muscular issues.
Pancreatolithiasis: Abnormal presence of stones in the pancreas, which can cause pain and pancreatitis.
Laparoscopy: A minimally invasive surgical technique to examine the abdomen with a camera.
Colitis: Inflammation of the colon, can result in diarrhea and abdominal pain.
Borborygmus: The audible sound of gas moving through the intestines, often associated with digestion.
Jaundice: Yellowing of the skin and eyes caused by elevated bilirubin levels, often related to liver conditions.
Antacids: Medications that neutralize stomach acidity, providing relief from heartburn and indigestion.
Antiemetics: Drugs designed to prevent nausea and vomiting by targeting the brain's vomiting center.
Laxatives: Substances that relieve constipation, promoting bowel movements.
Cholecystolithiasis: Terms describing the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder.
Cholecystitis: Inflammation of the gallbladder, commonly due to gallstones blocking the cystic duct.
Choledocholith: A stone present in the bile duct, which can obstruct the flow of bile.
Gingivitis: Inflammation of the gums, often a precursor to periodontal disease.
Gastroscopy: Procedure for examining the stomach lining, utilized in diagnosing ulcers or tumors.
Anorexia: Loss of appetite that may stem from various psychological or physical conditions.
Duodenoscopy: Examination of the duodenum, used to investigate abnormalities in the first part of the small intestine.
Hemorrhoid: Swollen veins in the rectal area, can be internal or external and cause discomfort.
Hematochezia: Passage of bright red blood in stools, indicating lower gastrointestinal bleeding.
Enteropathy: Refers to any disease affecting the intestines, typically the small intestine.
Gastroenteroanastomosis: Surgical procedure to connect the stomach and small intestine, often following resections.
Jejunorrhaphy: Suture or repair of the jejunum, part of small bowel surgery.
Proctoscopy: Examination of the anus and rectum to diagnose conditions like hemorrhoids or tumors.
Endoscopy: General term for visual examination of internal organs using an endoscope.
Colonoscopy: Detailed examination of the colon, useful for detecting polyps, cancers, or inflammatory diseases.
Colostomy: Surgical opening created in the colon for waste evacuation, used when normal passage is obstructed.
Ileostomy: Similar to colostomy but connects the ileum to the abdominal wall.
Sigmoidoscopy: Procedure to view the sigmoid colon, often part of screening for colorectal cancer.
Hepatitis: An inflammatory condition of the liver, commonly viral but can result from alcohol or other toxins.
Hepatomegaly: Enlargement of the liver, indicating underlying disease or damage.
Cirrhosis: Chronic liver disease characterized by fibrosis and loss of liver function leading to serious health issues.
Stool Guaiac: Lab test to detect hidden blood in the stool, important for screening gastrointestinal bleeding.
Hemoccult Test: Similar to stool guaiac, used to identify blood that isn’t visibly apparent.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Functional gastrointestinal disorder featuring a combination of symptoms like diarrhea and constipation.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, primarily categorized into Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): Diagnostic procedure using contrast dye to visualize the bile and pancreatic ducts via endoscopy.
Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS): Measurement of blood sugar levels after fasting, used to assess diabetes risk.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Condition where stomach contents flow back into the esophagus, causing heartburn and other symptoms.
Gastrointestinal (GI): Referring to the stomach and intestines, encompassing a range of digestive functions.
Diverticulosis: Presence of diverticula (small bulging pockets) in the colon wall, not always symptomatic.
Hernia: Condition where an organ protrudes through the wall of the cavity containing it.
Celiac Disease: Autoimmune disorder where ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine.
Dysentery: Inflammation of the intestines marked by severe diarrhea with blood.
Polyp: Abnormal growth in the lining of the gastrointestinal tract, which can be benign or precancerous.
Obesity: Medical condition characterized by excessive body fat, impacting overall health and leading to chronic diseases.
Ascites: Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, often related to liver disease or cancer.

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Test your knowledge of key medical terms related to the digestive system with these flashcards. This spelling test includes definitions and examples of words like esophagoscopy and dyspepsia. Perfect for students in medical terminology courses.