Motor Control MC 2: Sensory Proprioception Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of information do muscle spindles detect?

  • Static muscle length only
  • Both static length and rate of change
  • Only the force exerted by muscle contraction
  • Rate of change in muscle length only (correct)

Which receptor is primarily responsible for detecting static pressure on the skin?

  • Pacinian corpuscle
  • Merkel cells (correct)
  • Meissner’s corpuscle
  • Ruffini endings

How do dynamic proprioceptors respond to changes in indentation?

  • They detect only static changes in indentation
  • They provide continuous pressure information
  • They respond rapidly to changes in indentation (correct)
  • They adapt slowly after initial stimulation

Which receptors are involved in providing information about both skin texture and object identification?

<p>Fast-Adapting Type 1 receptors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these statements best describes the function of Golgi tendon organs?

<p>Sense the tension in muscles during contraction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Ruffini endings in the proprioceptive system?

<p>Sense static skin stretch and joint angle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of movement is primarily affected by sensory input from cutaneous receptors?

<p>Coordination of motor activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these receptors is most likely to have a rapid adaptation to continuous skin pressure?

<p>Pacinian corpuscles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of feedback do muscle spindles provide during movement?

<p>Continuous feedback about muscle position (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the role of cutaneous receptors in proprioception?

<p>They provide feedback on body contact with external objects. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dynamic proprioception primarily relates to which aspect of muscle awareness?

<p>The change in muscle length and velocity during movement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does sensory (afferent) input affect motor control?

<p>It continuously informs about movements and position changes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of proprioceptor specifically measures muscle tension?

<p>Golgi tendon organs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of muscle spindles during sustained muscle contractions?

<p>To give continuous feedback on muscle length and velocity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do joint receptors primarily inform the nervous system about?

<p>Position and movements of joints (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptors are sensitive to mechanical deformation in the skin and contribute to tactile feedback?

<p>Cutaneous receptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do muscle spindles play in the motor control process?

<p>They provide feedback on muscle length and rate of change. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between dynamic and static proprioception?

<p>Dynamic proprioception measures movement, while static proprioception measures body position. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does sensory input influence movement control?

<p>Sensory input helps in planning and executing movements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the primary action of cutaneous receptors in movement?

<p>They provide tactile feedback necessary for grip and dexterity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition reflects the impairment of proprioception despite intact motor pathways?

<p>Sensory poly-neuropathy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an efference copy?

<p>A neural copy of motor commands sent to muscles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sensory feedback is primarily associated with maintaining balance?

<p>Vestibular feedback. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to motor control when sensory (afferent) receptors are compromised?

<p>Motor control becomes significantly impaired. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Skin stimulus intensity

Different receptors in the skin have varying sensitivities to the force and change of pressure on the skin.

Static pressure

A constant force applied to the skin.

Dynamic pressure

A changing force applied to the skin.

Meissner's corpuscle

A skin receptor that detects rapid pressure changes - fast adapting

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Merkel Cells

A skin receptor detecting steady pressure - slow adapting

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Muscle Spindles

Muscle receptors that detect the stretch and rate of change of muscle stretch.

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Golgi Tendon Organs

Muscle receptors that detect muscle tension - different receptors than muscle spindles.

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Texture identification

Identifying objects or surfaces by rubbing them on the skin to sense different textured surfaces.

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Cutaneous receptors

Sensory receptors in the skin that provide information about touch, pressure, temperature, and pain.

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Muscle spindles

Sensory receptors within muscles that detect changes in muscle length and speed of stretch.

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Proprioception

The sense of body position and movement.

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Afferent neural activity

Sensory information flowing towards the central nervous system.

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Efferent neural activity

Motor commands flowing away from the central nervous system.

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Sensory poly-neuropathy

Degeneration of large afferent fibers, affecting proprioception and touch.

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Motor Control

The process of planning and executing voluntary movements.

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Central Nervous System (CNS)

The brain and spinal cord; integrating center for sensory and motor information

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Muscle Spindle

A sensory receptor organ within muscles that detects changes in muscle length and velocity.

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Proprioception

The sense of body position and movement, provided by sensory receptors in muscles, joints, and other tissues.

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Sensory Afferent Input

Signals sent from sensory receptors to the central nervous system, crucial for movement control.

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Cutaneous Receptors

Sensory receptors in the skin that detect touch, pressure, vibration, temperature, and pain.

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Efference Copy

A copy of motor commands sent to muscles, used by the CNS to predict sensory feedback.

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Sensory Receptor Organ

Detect information from the environment and transform it into neural signals

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Golgi Tendon Organs

Sensory receptors located in tendons that detect muscle tension and force.

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Joint Receptor

Sensory receptors in joints that provide information about joint position and movement.

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Study Notes

Motor Control (MC 2) - Acquiring Information: Sensory Proprioception

  • Proprioception plays a key role in coordinating, guiding/adjusting movement, and producing skilled performance.
  • The experience of reality comes from sensation.
  • Movement control depends on sensory afferent information and its integration with efferent neural activity.

Sensory Sources of Afferent Information

  • Sensory receptors provide afferent information associated with movement.
  • Cutaneous receptors (sense of touch) inform motor control.
  • Muscle spindles (muscle positioning - proprioception) inform motor control.

Sensory Poly-Neuropathy

  • Degeneration of large afferent fibers (e.g., receptors in muscles, Golgi tendon organs, & tactile/cutaneous receptors) inhibits afferent neural information to the CNS.
  • Efferent motor pathways remain intact.
  • Pain and temperature sensation is preserved.
  • Stretch reflexes (e.g., knee jerk) are absent.
  • Individuals struggle with tasks like grasping, writing, buttoning, or holding a cup.
  • Relearning movements requires pre-planning and visual feedback.

Sensory System: Core Facts

  • The sensory system has 5 common properties when stimulated:
    • Modalities (vision, touch, etc.) and their receptors.
    • Location (where it is on/in the body).
    • Intensity (how much/many?).
    • Timing (when and how long?).
    • Transduction (conversion of stimulus to neural signaling for the CNS).
  • These properties link stimuli to sensations in the sensory system.

Sensory System - Proprioception - Touch Modality

  • Different touch receptors have unique sensitivities to various touch modalities.
  • Location: Distribution and density of cutaneous receptors provide specific information about stimuli location. Receptor density affects resolving stimulus detail.
    • Two-point discrimination testing measures receptor density.
  • Intensity, Timing, and Transduction
    • How physical stimuli correlate with psychological sensations = Psychophysics. The relation between both are measurable quantitively.
    • Different receptors respond with different frequencies.
  • Identification: Texture identification via rubbing skin surfaces. Fast-Adapting Type 1 (Receptor) Response in Meissner's corpuscles is crucial.

Sensory System - Proprioception - Muscle Receptors

  • Muscle Spindles:
    • Responsive to stretch and changes in muscle length.
    • Detect the rate of change (speed) and absolute length of the muscle fiber.
    • Different modalities (location, intensity, timing, transduction), although structurally similar.
    • Spindles have a non-uniform distribution, with more in muscles involved in complex movements.
    • Muscle spindles allow dynamic responses through sensitivity adjustment due to fusimotor drive (efferent nerves).

Motor Control - Continued

  • Sensory afferent input is crucial for movement control
  • Cutaneous receptors provide preparatory and feedback relating to body contact with external stimuli.
  • Muscle spindles provide sensory feedback on muscle position and rate of change, aiding in adjustment of movements.
  • Supplementary videos (provided as links) provide alternative learning material to assist with understanding these concepts.

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Related Documents

Motor Control (MC 2) Past Paper (PDF)

Description

Explore the vital role of proprioception in motor control and skilled performance. This quiz covers sensory sources of afferent information and the impact of sensory poly-neuropathy on movement tasks. Test your understanding of how sensory integration facilitates movement coordination.

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