Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary energy source that fuels human motivation according to Freud's theory?
What is the primary energy source that fuels human motivation according to Freud's theory?
What defense mechanism involves expressing the opposite of one's true feelings?
What defense mechanism involves expressing the opposite of one's true feelings?
At which stage does Freud suggest that fixation can lead to an oral personality?
At which stage does Freud suggest that fixation can lead to an oral personality?
Which part of the mind is primarily focused on seeking immediate gratification?
Which part of the mind is primarily focused on seeking immediate gratification?
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What term describes the process of transforming unwanted impulses into socially acceptable actions?
What term describes the process of transforming unwanted impulses into socially acceptable actions?
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Which component of the mind represents our moral conscience?
Which component of the mind represents our moral conscience?
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What does the unconscious mind primarily contain?
What does the unconscious mind primarily contain?
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What is NOT a mechanism by which individuals influence their behavior according to Freud?
What is NOT a mechanism by which individuals influence their behavior according to Freud?
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What is the primary factor that predicts behavior according to the Theory of Planned Behavior?
What is the primary factor that predicts behavior according to the Theory of Planned Behavior?
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Which component is NOT part of the factors that influence intentions in the Theory of Planned Behavior?
Which component is NOT part of the factors that influence intentions in the Theory of Planned Behavior?
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In the Attitude to Behavior Process Model, what triggers a person's attitude?
In the Attitude to Behavior Process Model, what triggers a person's attitude?
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What is the primary focus of Incentive Theory?
What is the primary focus of Incentive Theory?
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According to the Prototype Willingness Model, which of the following is NOT one of the factors influencing behavior?
According to the Prototype Willingness Model, which of the following is NOT one of the factors influencing behavior?
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According to Incentive Theory, what must be true for a reward to be effective?
According to Incentive Theory, what must be true for a reward to be effective?
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What differentiates the Central Route of Persuasion from the Peripheral Route of Persuasion in the Elaboration Likelihood Model?
What differentiates the Central Route of Persuasion from the Peripheral Route of Persuasion in the Elaboration Likelihood Model?
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Which of the following correctly describes positive reinforcement in the context of Incentive Theory?
Which of the following correctly describes positive reinforcement in the context of Incentive Theory?
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What role do subjective norms play in determining behavior according to the Prototype Willingness Model?
What role do subjective norms play in determining behavior according to the Prototype Willingness Model?
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Who is considered the most distinguished psychologist associated with Incentive Theory?
Who is considered the most distinguished psychologist associated with Incentive Theory?
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Which of the following statements best describes perceived behavioral control in the context of the Theory of Planned Behavior?
Which of the following statements best describes perceived behavioral control in the context of the Theory of Planned Behavior?
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Which category does NOT align with the factors regulating food intake mentioned in the context?
Which category does NOT align with the factors regulating food intake mentioned in the context?
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Which factor is considered to significantly influence intentions in the Theory of Planned Behavior?
Which factor is considered to significantly influence intentions in the Theory of Planned Behavior?
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What is a characteristic feature of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) related to hunger control?
What is a characteristic feature of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) related to hunger control?
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How does incentive theory relate to childhood development?
How does incentive theory relate to childhood development?
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What does the superego strive for in contrast to reality?
What does the superego strive for in contrast to reality?
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Which of the following best describes negative reinforcement?
Which of the following best describes negative reinforcement?
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What are the subsystems of the superego?
What are the subsystems of the superego?
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Which type of motivation is based on external rewards?
Which type of motivation is based on external rewards?
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In Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, what needs are fulfilled after physiological needs?
In Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, what needs are fulfilled after physiological needs?
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What distinguishes self-actualization needs in Maslow's hierarchy?
What distinguishes self-actualization needs in Maslow's hierarchy?
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What is the primary characteristic of drive-reduction motivation?
What is the primary characteristic of drive-reduction motivation?
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Which of the following needs is considered the most fundamental in Maslow's Hierarchy?
Which of the following needs is considered the most fundamental in Maslow's Hierarchy?
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What can occur if the conscious self (ego) is weak in the interplay of the psyche?
What can occur if the conscious self (ego) is weak in the interplay of the psyche?
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Which theory proposes that introverts seek lower levels of stimulation due to being more aroused than extroverts?
Which theory proposes that introverts seek lower levels of stimulation due to being more aroused than extroverts?
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What two systems did Jeffrey Alan Gray propose govern personality?
What two systems did Jeffrey Alan Gray propose govern personality?
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Which personality trait indicates a person's likelihood of assuming leadership roles?
Which personality trait indicates a person's likelihood of assuming leadership roles?
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Which genetic factor is associated with higher impulsivity according to C. Robert Cloninger?
Which genetic factor is associated with higher impulsivity according to C. Robert Cloninger?
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What was observed about personality traits in identical twins raised in different environments?
What was observed about personality traits in identical twins raised in different environments?
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Which of the following traits is considered to have a weaker genetic component?
Which of the following traits is considered to have a weaker genetic component?
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What does the term 'temperament' refer to in personality psychology?
What does the term 'temperament' refer to in personality psychology?
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Which personality trait reflects a tendency to follow authority?
Which personality trait reflects a tendency to follow authority?
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What is the primary effect of strong social pressures on attitudes and behaviors?
What is the primary effect of strong social pressures on attitudes and behaviors?
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How does the 'foot in the door phenomenon' influence behavior?
How does the 'foot in the door phenomenon' influence behavior?
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What role does self-reflection play in making attitudes more powerful?
What role does self-reflection play in making attitudes more powerful?
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In the context of changing attitudes, what describes 'role-playing'?
In the context of changing attitudes, what describes 'role-playing'?
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What is a common misconception about how attitudes relate to behaviors?
What is a common misconception about how attitudes relate to behaviors?
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What influence does the quality of arguments have in a medical practice setting?
What influence does the quality of arguments have in a medical practice setting?
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Which of the following best describes the principle of aggregation?
Which of the following best describes the principle of aggregation?
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How do individuals typically process information from drug representatives?
How do individuals typically process information from drug representatives?
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Study Notes
Motivation Theories
- Motivation studies why we think and feel the way we do.
- Motivation is studied in five approaches
- Evolutionary Approach: examines instinctual motivations, such as those seen in babies (e.g., crying, sleeping, eating).
- Drive Reduction Theory: focuses on needs (deprivation) leading to drives (aroused states). Fulfilling the drive reduces the need (e.g., thirst, hunger). This theory maintains homeostasis.
- Optimum Arousal Theory: individuals seek optimal arousal or alertness (e.g., amusement parks).
- Cognitive Approach: emphasizes thought and decision-making processes that influence behaviour. (e.g., lightbulb moment)
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: a pyramid approach to motivational needs, starting with basic physiological needs (e.g., food, water) progressing through safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.
Drive Reduction Theory
- Needs are lack or deprivation that drives behaviour.
- Drives are aroused states.
- Drive reduction is the balance between needs and drives whereby fulfilling drives reduces needs, and maintains homeostasis (steady state).
- Examples include thirst and hunger.
Optimum Arousal Theory
- Focuses on reaching the peak of arousal/alertness. This high arousal/alertness state is often desired (e.g., amusement parks).
Cognitive Approach
- Focuses on thought processes driving behavior.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- A pyramid representing five levels of needs.
- In order of importance: (bottom to top)
- Physiological Needs: Basic survival needs (food, water, shelter).
- Safety Needs: Security and the absence of fear.
- Love and Belonging Needs: Connection and acceptance from others.
- Esteem Needs: Confidence and recognition.
- Self-Actualization Needs: Reaching one's full potential.
Motivation Terms
- Extrinsic Motivation: motivation based on external rewards or obligations (e.g., money or fame).
- Intrinsic Motivation: motivation based on internal needs like hunger or thirst.
- Amotivation: Lack of motivation.
Incentive Theory
- Rewards (tangible or intangible) encourage behaviour.
- Rewards increase the likelihood of a behaviour occurring again because of the positive association.
Incentive Theory
- Rewards or incentives cause a positive association with behaviour to encourage repeated behavior.
- Can be tangible like promotions or intangible like job satisfaction.
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Description
Explore various motivation theories that explain why we think and feel the way we do. This quiz covers five key approaches, including the Evolutionary Approach, Drive Reduction Theory, Optimum Arousal Theory, Cognitive Approach, and Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. Test your knowledge and understanding of these essential concepts!
