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Questions and Answers
What is the definition of intrinsic motivation?
What is the definition of intrinsic motivation?
- An inborn, unlearned, fixed pattern of behaviour
- An activity pursued as an end in itself because it is enjoyable and rewarding (correct)
- An activity pursued for external reward or to avoid an undesirable consequence
- An external stimulus that motivates behaviour
What is the characteristic of instinct according to the text?
What is the characteristic of instinct according to the text?
- An activity pursued for external reward or to avoid an undesirable consequence
- An external stimulus that motivates behaviour
- Inborn, unlearned, fixed pattern of behaviour (correct)
- An activity pursued as an end in itself because it is enjoyable and rewarding
What does the text define as an incentive?
What does the text define as an incentive?
- An activity pursued for external reward or to avoid an undesirable consequence
- An activity pursued as an end in itself because it is enjoyable and rewarding
- An inborn, unlearned, fixed pattern of behaviour
- An external stimulus that motivates behaviour (correct)
What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
According to Drive-Reduction Theory, organisms act to satisfy needs and restore equilibrium based on the concept of:
According to Drive-Reduction Theory, organisms act to satisfy needs and restore equilibrium based on the concept of:
What does Arousal theory state motivates organisms?
What does Arousal theory state motivates organisms?
Which theory explains that performance is best when arousal level matches the difficulty of the task?
Which theory explains that performance is best when arousal level matches the difficulty of the task?
What does Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs arrange in order of urgency?
What does Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs arrange in order of urgency?
What are primary drives based on?
What are primary drives based on?
What do social motives, including affiliation, power, and achievement, arise from?
What do social motives, including affiliation, power, and achievement, arise from?
What does the Thematic Apperception Test investigate?
What does the Thematic Apperception Test investigate?
What do high achievers use to achieve their goals according to the text?
What do high achievers use to achieve their goals according to the text?
What are the components of emotions according to the Components of Emotions model?
What are the components of emotions according to the Components of Emotions model?
According to the text, which emotions are considered basic and universal?
According to the text, which emotions are considered basic and universal?
What theory proposes that facial expressions of basic emotions are genetically programmed?
What theory proposes that facial expressions of basic emotions are genetically programmed?
What does the Triangular Theory of Love propose as the three components of love?
What does the Triangular Theory of Love propose as the three components of love?
What is the term used to describe the rules dictating when and how feelings should be expressed based on cultural norms?
What is the term used to describe the rules dictating when and how feelings should be expressed based on cultural norms?
What is the term used to describe the deep and abiding affection mentioned in the text?
What is the term used to describe the deep and abiding affection mentioned in the text?
What is the term used to describe the expression of emotion and venting as a way to diminish anger?
What is the term used to describe the expression of emotion and venting as a way to diminish anger?
What does the Facial-Feedback Hypothesis propose about the relationship between facial expressions and emotions?
What does the Facial-Feedback Hypothesis propose about the relationship between facial expressions and emotions?
Which type of love involves intimacy and commitment but lacks passion?
Which type of love involves intimacy and commitment but lacks passion?
What is the term used to describe the intense emotional response, turmoil of emotion, and sexual arousal mentioned in the text?
What is the term used to describe the intense emotional response, turmoil of emotion, and sexual arousal mentioned in the text?
According to the text, which emotions are considered unlearned and universal?
According to the text, which emotions are considered unlearned and universal?
What is the term used to describe the communication of feelings, intentions, and needs more effectively than just words?
What is the term used to describe the communication of feelings, intentions, and needs more effectively than just words?
According to the text, what diminishes rational thinking?
According to the text, what diminishes rational thinking?
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Study Notes
Motivation, Drives, and Emotions
- Drive state of tension/arousal motivates behavior by satisfying needs and reducing tension
- Drive-Reduction Theory is based on the concept of homeostasis, where organisms act to satisfy needs and restore equilibrium
- Homeostasis is the body's natural tendency to maintain a balanced internal state for survival
- Arousal theory states that organisms are motivated to maintain an optimal level of mental and physical activation
- Yerkes-Dodson Law explains that performance is best when arousal level matches the difficulty of the task
- Sensory deprivation experiments reduce sensory stimulation to a minimum, affecting participants' experiences
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs arranges human needs in order of urgency, from physiological to self-actualization
- Primary drives, such as hunger and thirst, arise from biological needs and are not based on learning
- Social motives, including affiliation, power, and achievement, are acquired through social and cultural experiences
- The Thematic Apperception Test investigates the strength of social motives or needs through ambiguous situations
- High achievers set realistic goals and use hard work, ability, determination, and persistence to achieve them
- Emotions involve physiological arousal, cognitive interpretation, and outward expression, as per the Components of Emotions model
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