Morphine Pharmacological Actions
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of sedation caused by morphine?

  • Apparent excitement
  • Indifference to surroundings and own body (correct)
  • Motor incoordination and ataxia
  • Anticonvulsant action
  • What is the effect of morphine on the respiratory centre?

  • No effect on respiratory centre
  • Stimulation of respiratory centre
  • Depression of respiratory centre in a dose-dependent manner (correct)
  • Dependence on the individual's age
  • What is the cause of death in morphine poisoning?

  • Renal failure
  • Respiratory failure (correct)
  • Hepatic failure
  • Cardiac failure
  • What is the effect of morphine on the mental state of patients in pain or anxiety?

    <p>It produces a feeling of pleasure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following centers is more sensitive to morphine than the respiratory centre?

    <p>Cough centre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of morphine on the vasomotor centre?

    <p>It is depressed at higher doses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of morphine on the CNS?

    <p>It depresses the CNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of nausea and vomiting as side effects of morphine?

    <p>Stimulation of the CTZ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of morphine on a healthy individual?

    <p>It does not produce cognizable respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of morphine on the heart rate?

    <p>It decreases the heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of morphine on the cardiovascular system?

    <p>It has no effect on the cardiovascular system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of morphine on the release of ACTH?

    <p>It decreases the release of ACTH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of morphine on the gastrointestinal system?

    <p>It has no effect on the gastrointestinal system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of miosis caused by morphine?

    <p>Stimulation of the Edinger Westphal nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of morphine on the release of GH?

    <p>It increases the release of GH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of morphine on the body temperature?

    <p>It decreases the body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which morphine causes vasodilation?

    <p>Release of histamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a consequence of morphine's effect on the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Increased cardiac work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of constipation in patients taking morphine?

    <p>Increased tone and segmentation of the intestines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common endocrine effect of morphine?

    <p>Impotence and menstrual irregularities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of morphine on ADH release?

    <p>It increases ADH release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a CNS effect of morphine?

    <p>Central sympathetic stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of morphine on cardiac work?

    <p>It decreases cardiac work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of morphine's effect on the respiratory system?

    <p>Increased CO2 retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of action for morphine's analgesic effects?

    <p>μ opioid receptor in the Central Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of alkaloids does opium contain?

    <p>Both Phenanthrene and Benzoisoquinoline derivatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of morphine on the biliary tract?

    <p>Spasm of sphincter of Oddi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of morphine in opium?

    <p>10% in opium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can morphine be dangerous in asthmatics?

    <p>It releases histamine, leading to bronchoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a semisynthetic opioid?

    <p>Diacetylmorphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of morphine on the perception of pain?

    <p>It alters the perception of pain, making it less unpleasant or distressing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of morphine on urinary bladder tone?

    <p>Increased tone of both detrusor and sphincter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of morphine on the Central Nervous System?

    <p>Site-specific depressant and stimulant actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the unreliable oral absorption of morphine?

    <p>High and variable first pass metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pain is relieved better by morphine?

    <p>Dull, poorly localized visceral pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does the effect of a parenteral dose of morphine typically last?

    <p>4-6 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of morphine elimination?

    <p>Glucuronide conjugation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing the dose of morphine on analgesia?

    <p>The degree of analgesia increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does morphine freely cross the placenta?

    <p>It is highly lipophilic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does morphine remain chronically constipating?

    <p>No tolerance develops to its central action</p> Signup and view all the answers

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