Modular Programming and Functions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What allows a programmer defined function to interact with other functions?

  • Header files that include function definitions (correct)
  • Function overloading
  • Inline functions
  • Standard library pre-defined functions

    • Which of the following is an example of a pre-defined mathematical function?

  • sum(x, y)
  • print(value)
  • average(numbers)
  • log(x) (correct)

    • What is true about the definition of standard library functions?

  • They are written by the programmer within the main code.
  • They are always faster than programmer defined functions.
  • They are included in header files and pre-defined by the library. (correct)
  • They must be redefined in every new project.

    • Why is the function log(x) significant in programming?

    <p>It calculates the logarithm of a given number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is accurate regarding pre-defined functions?

    <p>They are already coded and stored in separate files.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the power function pow(x, y) compute?

    <p>x raised to the power y</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the output of pow(2.0, 7)?

    <p>128</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function would you use to find the non-negative square root of a number?

    <p>sqrt(x)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you wanted to calculate the sine of an angle in radians, which function would you use?

    <p>sin(x)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the floor function floor(x) return?

    <p>The largest integer less than or equal to x</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of log10(100.0)?

    <p>2.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding pre-defined functions?

    <p>Programmers must know what these functions will do.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To use mathematical functions in C++, which directive must be included?

    <p>#include <cmath></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of functions in a program?

    <p>To encapsulate code for reuse and simplify programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many data values can a function return in C++?

    <p>At most one value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a standard library function?

    <p>A built-in function provided by the programming language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the main() function is true?

    <p>It is a programmer-defined function that is mandatory in C++.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a function call in a program?

    <p>To execute code within a defined function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes local variables?

    <p>Variables that can only be accessed within the function they are defined in</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of reducing code duplication?

    <p>It allows for easier updates and maintenance of the code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of function can a C++ program contain besides the main() function?

    <p>Both standard library and programmer-defined functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of modular programming?

    <p>It simplifies the process of testing and maintaining programs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best defines a function in programming?

    <p>A block of statements designed to perform a specific task.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a function that does not return a value?

    <p>It performs an action without providing any output.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do actual parameters differ from formal parameters?

    <p>Actual parameters are provided during a function call, while formal parameters are the variables defined in the function's declaration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is breaking down complex problems into sub-tasks beneficial?

    <p>It allows individuals to focus on smaller, manageable sections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role can multiple programmers play in modular programming?

    <p>They can collaborate on different sub-tasks, facilitating parallel development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately identifies a type of function?

    <p>Functions that return a specific value or perform a procedure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is easier readability a goal of modular programming?

    <p>This facilitates understanding and future maintenance of the code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Learning Outcomes

    • Students should be able to explain modular programming benefits.
    • Describe the concept of a function.
    • Identify function types.
    • Define, declare, and call functions.
    • Use actual and formal parameters.
    • Differentiate between value-returning and non-value-returning functions.
    • Identify local and global variables and their scope.

    Modular Programming

    • Programs can be subdivided into manageable subtasks.
    • Modular programming breaks down complex tasks into smaller functions.
    • Advantages include:
      • Ease of implementation by multiple programmers.
      • Improved readability, testing, and maintenance.
      • Reduced code duplication through function reuse.

    Function Concept

    • Functions accept zero or more input data.
    • Functions perform operations or produce side effects on the input data.
    • Functions return, at most, a single value.
    • A function definition outlines how a function performs its task.
    • A function call initiates a function's execution.

    Types of Functions

    • Standard Library (Pre-defined) Functions:
      • Function definitions are stored in header files.
      • Programmers need to understand how to use them, and which header to import.
      • Examples: mathematical functions (pow, sqrt, log) in the <cmath> header.
    • Programmer-Defined Functions:
      • Functions that are created by the programmer.
      • Perform specific tasks.
      • Can receive multiple data values or addresses (pass-by-value/reference).
      • Can return a single value or modify external data (pass-by-reference).
      • Must be declared and defined prior to use.

    Functions in C++ Programs

    • The main function is a programmer-defined function, unique to a program and essential.
    • main often calls standard library functions.
    • main can call other programmer-defined functions.
    • Programmer-defined functions can also call each other.

    Pre-defined Functions (Examples)

    • log(x): Natural logarithm of x.
    • log10(x): Logarithm base 10 of x.
    • pow(x, y): x raised to the power of y.
    • sin(x): Sine of x (in radians).
    • sqrt(x): Square root of x.
    • tan(x): Tangent of x (in radians).

    Programmer-Defined Function

    • Has three parts for use: Declaration, Call, and Definition.
    • Function Definition (code):
      • Return type: The data type of the value returned.
      • Function name: A valid identifier.
      • Formal parameter list: Defines the variables to hold input data.
    • Function Declaration (prototype):
      • States the function’s return type, name, and parameter types.
      • Placed in the global area, above the main or other functions.
      • Example: int multiply(int, int);
    • Function Call (invocation):
      • Calls a defined function.
      • Example: product = multiply(multiplier, multiplicand);

    Function Definition (Body)

    • Contains local declarations (variable declarations).
    • Statements performing the tasks of the function.
    • A possible return statement.

    Function Parameter

    • Actual parameters: Expressions used within function calls.
    • Formal parameters: Variables declared in the function definition.
    • Matching types, order and number of parameters in call and definition are essential for function calls.

    Function Call - Flow of Control

    • Program execution transitions into the function body when a function is called.
    • The calling function resumes at the point of the call after the called function completes.

    Trace Function Invocation

    • Step-by-step execution of function calls.
    • Shows how data values are passed and returned.

    Void Functions

    • A function that does not return a value.
    • Return type void.

    Variable Scope

    • Global Scope: Variables declared outside any function are accessible throughout the program from the declaration point and onwards.
    • Local Scope: Variables declared within a function are only accessible within that function.
    • Static Local Variables: Local variables that retain their values between function calls, maintaining their value until the entire program ends.

    Local Variables

    • Exist only during a function's execution.
    • Values are lost between calls.

    Global Variables

    • Declared outside any function.
    • Accessible from anywhere within the program after declaration.
    • Generally discouraged due to increased complexity and debugging difficulty.

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    Related Documents

    Function Part 1 PDF

    Description

    Test your understanding of modular programming and functions with this quiz. Learn about the benefits of modular programming, different types of functions, and the concept of parameters. Dive into the importance of local and global variables in programming.

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