Non Mendelian Inheritance I,II Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a key clinical feature of Fragile X syndrome?

  • Skewed X inactivation
  • Triple repeats in the FMR1 gene (correct)
  • Mitochondrial inheritance
  • Genomic imprinting

What is the biologic mechanism responsible for genomic imprinting?

  • Mitochondrial inheritance
  • Triple repeats in the FMR1 gene
  • X inactivation
  • DNA methylation (correct)

Which disorder is explained by genomic imprinting?

  • Fragile X syndrome
  • Prader-Willi syndrome (correct)
  • Huntington's disease
  • Snowman syndrome

How many mechanisms result in Prader-Willi syndrome?

<p>2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the conceptual basis of analyzing genetic and environmental interaction in the causation of disease?

<p>Multifactorial inheritance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about mitochondrial inheritance is true?

<p>Mitochondrial diseases can only be inherited from the mother (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the high mutation rate of mtDNA compared to nuclear DNA?

<p>Mitochondria lack DNA repair mechanisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is there variability in phenotype with mitochondrial disorders?

<p>Variable expression of the same mutation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organs are most often affected by mitochondrial diseases?

<p>Brain and muscles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of germline mosaicism?

<p>Presence of different cell lines in the germline (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the incidence of pyloric stenosis in infants?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recurrence risk for congenital pyloric stenosis in male probands from London?

<p>12.5% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incidence of infantile autism in third-degree relatives?

<p>0.3% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the heritability (h2) of alcoholism?

<p>0.44 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the heritability (h2) of height?

<p>0.51 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a non-Mendelian inheritance pattern?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Mendelian and multifactorial inheritance?

<p>Mendelian inheritance is determined solely by genetic factors, while multifactorial inheritance is determined by genetic and environmental factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a quantitative complex phenotype of a multifactorial disease?

<p>Height (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept of heritability based on?

<p>The degree of similarity between relatives with respect to genetic traits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the threshold model of multifactorial inheritance?

<p>Disease manifests when the liability exceeds a hypothetical threshold (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about anticipation in Mendelian disorders?

<p>Anticipation is explained by trinucleotide repeat expansion in offspring (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following trinucleotide repeat diseases is characterized by a CAG repeat in the protein coding region?

<p>Huntington Disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the threshold number of CGG repeats in the Fragile X gene (FMR1) that is considered abnormal and associated with Fragile X syndrome?

<p>More than 200 repeats (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of loss of gene expression in Prader-Willi Syndrome and Angelman Syndrome?

<p>Deletion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about X chromosome inactivation?

<p>X chromosome inactivation is influenced by stochastic variation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a triplet repeat disorder?

<p>Fragile X (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of trinucleotide repeats in Fragile X syndrome?

<p>5-34 repeats (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following disorders is caused by genomic imprinting?

<p>Prader-Willi syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between skewed X inactivation and human disease?

<p>Skewed X inactivation can lead to disease manifestation in females carrying X-linked mutations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between homoplasmy and heteroplasmy in mitochondrial inheritance?

<p>Homoplasmy refers to the presence of a single type of mitochondrial DNA in an individual, while heteroplasmy refers to the presence of multiple types of mitochondrial DNA. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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