Milady's Standard Cosmetology Chapter 5

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Questions and Answers

What does AIDS stand for?

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (correct)
Autoimmune Disorder Syndrome
Acute Immune Deficiency System
Acquired Infection Disease System

What is an allergy?

A reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other substances.

What are antiseptics?

Agents formulated for use on the skin.

What are bacilli?

Short, rod-shaped bacteria that are the most common bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

What are bacteria?

One-celled microorganisms; some are harmful while others are harmless. Signup and view all the answers

What does bactericidal mean?

Capable of destroying bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

What are bloodborne pathogens?

Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids. Signup and view all the answers

What are cilia?

Slender, hair-like extensions that permit locomotion in certain bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

What are cocci?

Round-shaped bacteria that appear singly or in groups. Signup and view all the answers

What is a contagious disease?

A disease that can be easily spread to others by contact. Signup and view all the answers

What is diagnosis?

Determining the nature of a disease or infection. Signup and view all the answers

What are diplococci?

Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia. Signup and view all the answers

What is a disease?

An abnormal condition of all or part of the body, organ, or mind that makes it incapable of carrying out normal function. Signup and view all the answers

What does disinfectable mean?

An item that can be disinfected. Signup and view all the answers

What are disinfectants?

Chemical agents that destroy most bacteria, fungi, and viruses on surfaces. Signup and view all the answers

What is disinfection?

Process that eliminates most microorganisms, but is not effective against bacterial spores. Signup and view all the answers

What is efficacy in the context of disinfectants?

Effectiveness with which a disinfecting solution kills germs when used according to label. Signup and view all the answers

What is an exposure incident?

Contact with non-intact skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials. Signup and view all the answers

What are flagella?

Slender, hair-like extensions that permit locomotion in certain bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

What are fungi?

Microscopic plant parasites, including molds, mildews, and yeasts. Signup and view all the answers

What does fungicidal mean?

Capable of destroying fungi. Signup and view all the answers

What is hepatitis?

A bloodborne virus that causes disease affecting the liver. Signup and view all the answers

What does HIV stand for?

Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Signup and view all the answers

What is immunity?

Ability of the body to destroy and resist infection. Signup and view all the answers

What is an infection?

Invasion of body tissue by pathogenic bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

What does infectious mean?

An infection that can be spread from one person to another. Signup and view all the answers

What is inflammation?

The body's response to injury or infection with redness, heat, pain, and swelling. Signup and view all the answers

What is a microorganism?

Any organism of microscopic to submicroscopic size. Signup and view all the answers

What are mildews?

Types of fungus that affect plants or grow on inanimate objects. Signup and view all the answers

What does motility refer to?

Self-movement. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Material Data Safety Sheet (MSDS)?

Safety information about products compiled by the manufacturer. Signup and view all the answers

What does multi-use mean?

Items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person. Signup and view all the answers

What does nonpathogenic mean?

Not harmful; organisms that may perform useful functions. Signup and view all the answers

What is an occupational disease?

Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment. Signup and view all the answers

What are parasites?

Plant or animal organisms that derive nutrition from another organism. Signup and view all the answers

What does pathogenic mean?

Causing disease; may cause harmful conditions or illnesses in humans. Signup and view all the answers

What is Pediculosis Capitis?

Skin disease caused by infection of head lice. Signup and view all the answers

What are phenolics?

Powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants. Signup and view all the answers

What does porous mean?

Absorbent; having pores or openings. Signup and view all the answers

What are quaternary ammonium compounds?

Type of disinfectant solution safe for all uses in the salon. Signup and view all the answers

What is sanitation?

Cleaning to remove all visible residue and matter. Signup and view all the answers

What is scabies?

Contagious skin disease caused by the itch mite. Signup and view all the answers

What is a single-use item?

Disposable items that cannot be used more than once. Signup and view all the answers

What is sodium hypochlorite?

Common household bleach; disinfectant for salon use. Signup and view all the answers

What are spirilla?

Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria that can cause diseases. Signup and view all the answers

What are staphylococci?

Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters. Signup and view all the answers

What is sterilization?

Process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores. Signup and view all the answers

What are streptococci?

Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines. Signup and view all the answers

What does tuberculocidal mean?

Disinfectants that kill the bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Signup and view all the answers

What are universal precautions?

Set of guidelines that requires the assumption that all human blood and body fluids contain pathogens. Signup and view all the answers

What does virucidal mean?

Capable of destroying viruses. Signup and view all the answers

What is a virus?

Microorganism that can invade plants and animals, including bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Infectious Diseases and Microorganisms

AIDS: A serious condition caused by the HIV virus, weakening the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections.
Bacteria: One-celled microorganisms can be classified as pathogenic (harmful) or non-pathogenic (harmless).
Bacilli: Common, rod-shaped bacteria linked to diseases like tetanus, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.
Cocci: Round-shaped bacteria that can appear singularly or in groups, including diplococci which grow in pairs and cause pneumonia.
Spirilla: Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria associated with diseases like syphilis and Lyme disease.
Staphylococci: Pus-forming bacteria growing in clusters; known for causing abscesses and boils.
Streptococci: Pus-forming bacteria in curved chains that can lead to infections such as strep throat.

Types of Infections and Diseases

Contagious Disease: Easily spread by direct contact with an infected individual.
Occupational Disease: Illness arising from conditions in the workplace.
Parasitic Infections: Caused by organisms that rely on their hosts for nutrition, common in salons with exposure to clients.

Immune Response and Health

Immunity: The body's ability to fend off infections.
Inflammation: Body's protective response to injury or infection, marked by redness and swelling.

Cleaning and Disinfection

Sanitation: The process of cleaning to remove visible contaminants.
Disinfection: Eliminates most microorganisms but does not kill spores. Disinfectants can destroy bacteria, fungi, and viruses on surfaces.
Sterilization: Complete eradication of all microbial life, including spores.
Virucidal: Disinfectants capable of destroying viruses, crucial in maintaining health standards in salons.

Safety and Prevention

Bloodborne Pathogens: Disease-causing microorganisms from blood or body fluids, necessitating precautions in health settings.
Universal Precautions: Guidelines to treat all blood and body fluids as potentially infectious; emphasizes safety in handling materials.
Exposure Incident: Any contact with potentially infectious materials, requiring immediate attention and reporting.

Chemical Agents

Antiseptics: Formulated for skin application to prevent infections.
Disinfectants vs. Antiseptics: Disinfectants destroy microorganisms on surfaces while antiseptics are safer for skin exposure.
Phenolics: Powerful disinfectants effective against tuberculosis.
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds: Safe disinfectants commonly used in salons, known as "quats."
Sodium Hypochlorite: Household bleach effective as a disinfectant in salon environments.

Other Important Terms

Microorganism: General term for microscopic organisms, both pathogenic and non-pathogenic.
Fungi: Microscopic plant parasites including molds and yeasts; some are useful, while others can be harmful.
Multi-use vs. Single-use items: Multi-use items can be cleaned and reused, while single-use items are disposable after one use to prevent contamination.

Key Prevention Practices

Allergy: Reaction to sensitivities that can include chemicals and foods; important to note for client safety.
Cilia and Flagella: Structures that help certain bacteria move, impacting their ability to spread.
Mildews: A type of fungus that can affect inanimate objects but not typically human health in salons.

Understanding these concepts is vital for maintaining a safe and healthy salon environment, adhering to industry standards, and providing effective client care.

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Description

Test your understanding of important terms in Milady's Standard Cosmetology Chapter 5. This quiz covers crucial definitions related to skin and health, including concepts like AIDS, allergies, and antiseptics. Perfect for cosmetology students looking to reinforce their knowledge.