Milady Standard Cosmetology Chapter 7
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Questions and Answers

What is acne?

Skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands from retained secretions and bacteria.

What are arrector pili?

Small involuntary muscles in the base of the hair follicle that cause goose flesh.

What is a callus?

Thickening of the skin caused by continuous, repeated exposure on any part of the skin.

What is collagen?

<p>Fibrous protein that gives the skin form and strength.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a comedo?

<p>Hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum, also known as a blackhead.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are dermal papillae?

<p>Small, cone-shaped elevations at the base of the hair follicles that fit into the hair bulb.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a dermatologist specialize in?

<p>Diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is dermatology?

<p>Medical branch of science that deals with the study of the skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the dermis?

<p>Underlying or inner layer of the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is elastin?

<p>Protein base similar to collagen that forms elastic tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the epidermal-dermal junction?

<p>The top of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the epidermis?

<p>Outermost and thinnest layer of the skin made up of 5 layers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an esthetician?

<p>A specialist in the cleansing, beautification, and preservation of the health of skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is eumelanin?

<p>A type of melanin that is dark brown to black in color.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is keratin?

<p>Fibrous protein of cells that is also the principal component of hair and nails.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does melanin do?

<p>Tiny grains of pigment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are melanocytes?

<p>Cells that produce the dark skin pigment called melanin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are motor nerve fibers?

<p>Fibers of the motor nerves that are distributed to the arrector pili muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the papillary layer?

<p>Outer layer of the dermis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a papule?

<p>Also known as a pimple; small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid but may develop pus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is pheomelanin?

<p>A type of melanin that is red to yellow in color.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Propionibacterium acne?

<p>Technical term for acne bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a pustule?

<p>Raised, inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reticular layer?

<p>Deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are sebaceous glands?

<p>Also known as oil glands; glands connected to the hair follicles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is sebum?

<p>A fatty or oily secretion that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of hair.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a secretory coil?

<p>Coiled base of the sudoriferous gland.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are secretory nerve fibers?

<p>Fibers of the secretory nerve that are distributed to sudoriferous and sebaceous glands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are sensory nerve fibers?

<p>Fibers of the sensory nerves that react to hot, cold, touch, pressure, and pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stratum corneum?

<p>Also known as the horny layer; outer layer of the epidermis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stratum germinativum?

<p>Also known as the basal cell layer; deepest live layer of the epidermis that produces new epidermal skin cells and is responsible for growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stratum granulosum?

<p>Also known as the granular layer; layer of the epidermis composed of cells that look like granules and are filled with keratin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stratum lucidum?

<p>Clear, transparent layer of the epidermis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stratum spinosum?

<p>The spiny layer just above the stratum germinativum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is subcutaneous tissue?

<p>Fatty tissue found below the dermis that gives smoothness and contour to the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are sudoriferous glands?

<p>Also known as sweat glands; excrete perspiration and detoxify the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are tactile corpuscles?

<p>Small epidermal structures with nerve endings that are sensitive to touch and pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does vitamin A support?

<p>Overall health of the skin; aids in the health, function, and repair of skin cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does vitamin C promote?

<p>The production of collagen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does vitamin D enable the body to do?

<p>Properly absorb and use calcium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does vitamin E do?

<p>Helps protect the skin from the harmful effects of the sun's UV light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Skin Disorders and Structure

  • Acne is a skin disorder involving chronic inflammation of sebaceous glands due to retained secretions and bacteria.
  • Callus forms from continuous exposure to pressure, causing skin thickening, especially on hands and feet.

Skin Components

  • Collagen is a fibrous protein providing strength and form to the skin.
  • Elastin is similar to collagen but provides elasticity to tissues.
  • Keratin is a fibrous protein that's a principal component of hair and nails.
  • Melanin are tiny grains of pigment responsible for skin color; produced by melanocytes.

Hair and Skin Anatomy

  • Dermis, or true skin, is the underlying layer composed of two parts: papillary layer (outer) and reticular layer (deeper).
  • Dermal papillae are cone-shaped elevations at the base of hair follicles, fitting into the hair bulb.
  • Epidermis is the outermost layer, consisting of five layers, including stratum corneum (horny layer) and stratum germinativum (deepest layer for cell production).

Skin Glands and Functions

  • Sebaceous (oil) glands are connected to hair follicles and secrete sebum, which lubricates and softens hair and skin.
  • Sudoriferous (sweat) glands help detoxify the body by excreting perspiration, excess salt, and unwanted chemicals.

Skin Health and Vitamins

  • Vitamin A is crucial for skin health, aiding in the repair and elasticity of skin cells.
  • Vitamin C plays a vital role in skin and tissue repair and promotes collagen production.
  • Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption and rapid skin healing.
  • Vitamin E offers protection from harmful UV rays.

Sensory and Nervous System Components

  • Sensory nerve fibers react to sensations like temperature and pressure.
  • Motor nerve fibers are distributed to arrector pili muscles, causing goosebumps.
  • Tactile corpuscles are sensitive structures in the epidermis that respond to touch and pressure.

Skin Conditions

  • Comedo, often known as a blackhead, occurs when a hair follicle is clogged with keratin and sebum.
  • Papules are small elevations on the skin that may develop into pustules containing pus.
  • Pustules are inflamed papules with a white or yellow center.
  • Propionibacterium acne is the bacteria associated with acne.

Professionals in Skin Care

  • Dermatologist specializes in skin, hair, and nails diseases and disorders.
  • Esthetician focuses on skin cleansing, beautification, and health preservation.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key terms from Chapter 7 of Milady Standard Cosmetology. This quiz covers important concepts related to skin disorders and hair anatomy. Perfect for students preparing for their cosmetology exams!

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