Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the three forms of hair lighteners?
What are the three forms of hair lighteners?
What is pre-softening used for?
What is pre-softening used for?
Gray hair
What is the main ingredient of an acid perm?
What is the main ingredient of an acid perm?
Glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMTG)
What is the pH of an alkaline wave (cold wave)?
What is the pH of an alkaline wave (cold wave)?
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Which bonds does wet-setting break?
Which bonds does wet-setting break?
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What do you typically do before adding toner?
What do you typically do before adding toner?
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What allows you to hold the comb and the shears at the same time?
What allows you to hold the comb and the shears at the same time?
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Which finger goes in the hole of the stationary blade (still blade) of the shears?
Which finger goes in the hole of the stationary blade (still blade) of the shears?
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What does texture refer to?
What does texture refer to?
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Which part of the hair is responsible for its color, strength, and elasticity?
Which part of the hair is responsible for its color, strength, and elasticity?
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What does lathering the face before shaving do?
What does lathering the face before shaving do?
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How do you perform the freehand stroke?
How do you perform the freehand stroke?
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What do you use oil on a razor for?
What do you use oil on a razor for?
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What can cause irritation while shaving?
What can cause irritation while shaving?
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When do cosmetology, hairstyling, skincare, manicurist, and teacher's licenses expire?
When do cosmetology, hairstyling, skincare, manicurist, and teacher's licenses expire?
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What are end papers used for during the permanent waving process?
What are end papers used for during the permanent waving process?
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Which perm technique is used for long hair?
Which perm technique is used for long hair?
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What type of hair do you use a mild perm on?
What type of hair do you use a mild perm on?
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What color cancels or neutralizes green?
What color cancels or neutralizes green?
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How long prior to service do you perform a patch test (skin)?
How long prior to service do you perform a patch test (skin)?
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What is a strand test used for?
What is a strand test used for?
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What is thinning hair to graduated length using a sliding movement with partially open shears called?
What is thinning hair to graduated length using a sliding movement with partially open shears called?
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What do you use after removing a face mask?
What do you use after removing a face mask?
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Cosmetologists can't perform which service?
Cosmetologists can't perform which service?
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What are facial toners used for?
What are facial toners used for?
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Quick tapping, slapping, and hacking are which massage technique?
Quick tapping, slapping, and hacking are which massage technique?
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What are spatulas used for in makeup?
What are spatulas used for in makeup?
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When shaping eyebrows, which bone do you follow?
When shaping eyebrows, which bone do you follow?
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What is a flat spot or discoloration of the skin called?
What is a flat spot or discoloration of the skin called?
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Which bacteria is harmful?
Which bacteria is harmful?
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What household product can be used to disinfect salons?
What household product can be used to disinfect salons?
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Disinfectants for salons must be?
Disinfectants for salons must be?
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What are the steps for properly disinfecting?
What are the steps for properly disinfecting?
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You may still perform a service, if you have a wound, as long as?
You may still perform a service, if you have a wound, as long as?
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What is the study of hair called?
What is the study of hair called?
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What makes an item multi-use?
What makes an item multi-use?
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What does the 'first aid' category in the SDS include?
What does the 'first aid' category in the SDS include?
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What do you call a client with symptoms?
What do you call a client with symptoms?
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What shampoo do you use to remove buildup?
What shampoo do you use to remove buildup?
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What is the degree at which a subsection of hair is held from the head?
What is the degree at which a subsection of hair is held from the head?
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What does 180 degree elevation achieve?
What does 180 degree elevation achieve?
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What is the most common elevation for layers?
What is the most common elevation for layers?
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What is also a bowl/pageboy haircut?
What is also a bowl/pageboy haircut?
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Which shampoo do you use for oily hair?
Which shampoo do you use for oily hair?
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Which comb is used with thermal irons?
Which comb is used with thermal irons?
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What hair color is obtained from leaves and bark?
What hair color is obtained from leaves and bark?
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If a client has athletes foot (tinea pedis), you must?
If a client has athletes foot (tinea pedis), you must?
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What is the most common cause for leukonychia?
What is the most common cause for leukonychia?
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How to test the sharpness of a razor?
How to test the sharpness of a razor?
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What is the treatment for hangnails?
What is the treatment for hangnails?
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What is the purpose of nail dehydrator?
What is the purpose of nail dehydrator?
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Which perm wrap is recommended for extremely porous hair?
Which perm wrap is recommended for extremely porous hair?
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Which implement is best to use to push the cuticle back?
Which implement is best to use to push the cuticle back?
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Lifting the buffer when buffing the nail prevents?
Lifting the buffer when buffing the nail prevents?
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When do you perform a preliminary disposition test (patch test or PD)?
When do you perform a preliminary disposition test (patch test or PD)?
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A work station must be properly cleaned before?
A work station must be properly cleaned before?
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What is the colorless tissue that is attached to the nail plate?
What is the colorless tissue that is attached to the nail plate?
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Which product should be applied after a hair mask?
Which product should be applied after a hair mask?
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What is a double process?
What is a double process?
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An open lesion of the skin, accompanied by pus?
An open lesion of the skin, accompanied by pus?
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Using more hydrogen peroxide (developer) than supposed to will cause?
Using more hydrogen peroxide (developer) than supposed to will cause?
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What do you do to the new growth for tips (acrylic nails)?
What do you do to the new growth for tips (acrylic nails)?
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What is the method for a tip application?
What is the method for a tip application?
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What is done first during a shave?
What is done first during a shave?
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What is petrissage?
What is petrissage?
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What do you apply for a cut?
What do you apply for a cut?
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What lines build weight?
What lines build weight?
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Relaxers shouldn't remove more than what percentage of the hair's bonds?
Relaxers shouldn't remove more than what percentage of the hair's bonds?
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What are the two main ingredients in perms?
What are the two main ingredients in perms?
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What is GMGT?
What is GMGT?
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Why is hard water a disadvantage?
Why is hard water a disadvantage?
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What type of hair has tightly compact molecules?
What type of hair has tightly compact molecules?
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What hair color sits on the cuticle layer?
What hair color sits on the cuticle layer?
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What type of molecules are in permanent color?
What type of molecules are in permanent color?
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What kind of molecules are formed when permanent hair color is combined with hydrogen peroxide (developer)?
What kind of molecules are formed when permanent hair color is combined with hydrogen peroxide (developer)?
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What are canities?
What are canities?
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What does full base and on base achieve?
What does full base and on base achieve?
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When does a shop license expire?
When does a shop license expire?
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What type of shampoo is used on oily scalp?
What type of shampoo is used on oily scalp?
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What are the three parts of a pin curl?
What are the three parts of a pin curl?
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What is the eyebrow bone?
What is the eyebrow bone?
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What direction do you tweeze the eyebrow?
What direction do you tweeze the eyebrow?
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What covers the nail matrix?
What covers the nail matrix?
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What bacteria causes pimples?
What bacteria causes pimples?
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What is the diffuser used on?
What is the diffuser used on?
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What is the first step in disinfecting?
What is the first step in disinfecting?
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What agency regulates and approves the efficacy of products used for infection control?
What agency regulates and approves the efficacy of products used for infection control?
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What government agency enforces health and safety standards in the workplace?
What government agency enforces health and safety standards in the workplace?
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What are items called that protect workers?
What are items called that protect workers?
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What is baldness in spots?
What is baldness in spots?
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What is the French term for 'slithering'?
What is the French term for 'slithering'?
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What is a natural hair color?
What is a natural hair color?
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What does pre-lightening (bleaching) come before?
What does pre-lightening (bleaching) come before?
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What is hydrogen peroxide used as?
What is hydrogen peroxide used as?
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Hair that easily absorbs liquid is?
Hair that easily absorbs liquid is?
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What comb is used to remove tangles?
What comb is used to remove tangles?
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What do overactive sebaceous glands create?
What do overactive sebaceous glands create?
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What is the direction of pressure in facial massage movements?
What is the direction of pressure in facial massage movements?
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What skin texture does milia most commonly occur?
What skin texture does milia most commonly occur?
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What is applied to eyebrows after tweezing to contract the skin?
What is applied to eyebrows after tweezing to contract the skin?
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Study Notes
Hair Lighteners
- Three forms of hair lighteners: oil, powder, and cream.
Gray Hair
- Pre-softening is used to treat gray hair for better color application.
Acid Perms
- Glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMTG) is the main ingredient in acid perms.
Alkaline Wave
- The pH range of an alkaline wave (cold wave) is between 9.0 and 9.6.
Wet-Setting
- Wet-setting breaks hydrogen bonds in the hair.
Toner Application
- Pre-lightening the hair is a typical step before applying toner.
Hair Cutting Techniques
- Palming the shears allows simultaneous holding of comb and shears.
- The ring finger is placed in the hole of the stationary blade (still blade) of the shears for better control.
Hair Texture
- Hair texture can be classified as fine, medium, or coarse.
Hair Structure
- The cortex of the hair is responsible for color, strength, and elasticity.
Shaving Preparation
- Lathering the face before shaving cleanses, softens hair, and creates a smooth surface.
Freehand Stroke
- To perform a freehand stroke, place the tip of the thumb behind the blade.
Razor Maintenance
- Oil on a razor helps to keep it sharp, prolong its life, and maintain effectiveness.
Shaving Techniques
- Shaving against the grain can lead to skin irritation.
License Expiration
- Cosmetology and related licenses expire on September 30 of even years.
Permanent Waving
- End papers are used in the permanent waving process to prevent hair from over-processing.
- The piggyback method is a perm technique used for long hair.
Hair Type and Perms
- Mild perms are suitable for thin and weak hair.
Color Theory
- Red neutralizes green in color applications.
Patch Testing
- A skin patch test should be performed 24-48 hours prior to a service.
Strand Testing
- A strand test determines how hair reacts to color and treatment.
Hair Thinning
- Slithering is a technique that thins hair to graduated lengths.
Post-Facial Care
- Toner is applied after removing a face mask to rebalance skin pH and close pores.
Electrolysis Services
- Cosmetologists are not authorized to perform electrolysis.
Facial Care
- Facial toners help to rebalance skin pH and close pores.
Massage Techniques
- Tapotement involves quick tapping, slapping, and hacking movements during massage.
Makeup Sanitation
- Spatulas are an essential tool for ensuring sanitation in makeup application.
Eyebrow Shaping
- The orbital bone guides the shaping of eyebrows.
Skin Discoloration
- Macules, liver spots, and freckles are types of flat discolorations of the skin.
Bacterial Knowledge
- Pathogenic bacteria are harmful.
Salon Sanitation
- Household bleach can be used to disinfect salons.
Disinfectant Properties
- Salon disinfectants must be bactericidal, fungicidal, and virucidal.
Disinfection Steps
- Proper disinfection involves cleaning and then using an EPA-registered disinfectant.
Service Protocols
- Services can be performed if a wound is covered appropriately.
Hair Study
- Trichology is the study of hair.
Multi-Use Items
- Items that are hard and non-porous are considered multi-use.
First Aid Guidelines
- The "first aid" category in the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) includes important symptoms, effects, and treatments.
Client Assessment
- A client showing symptoms is described as symptomatic.
Shampoo Applications
- Clarifying shampoo is used to remove product buildup.
Hair Cutting Basics
- Elevation is the angle at which a section of hair is lifted from the head.
Layering Techniques
- 180-degree elevation results in long layers.
- 90-degree elevation is the most common for achieving layers.
Haircuts
- A blunt cut is also known as a bowl or pageboy haircut.
Shampoo Selection
- Balancing shampoo is specifically designed for oily hair.
Thermal Tools
- A hard rubber comb is used with thermal irons.
Natural Hair Color
- Henna, a product from leaves and bark, is used for natural hair coloring.
Client Health Concerns
- Clients with athlete's foot (tinea pedis) must be refused service for hygiene reasons.
Nail Health
- Minor injuries to the nail matrix commonly cause leukonychia (white spots on nails).
Razor Sharpness
- The sharpness of a razor can be tested on paper.
Hangnail Treatments
- Hot oil treatments are effective for managing hangnails.
Nail Dehydration
- The purpose of a nail dehydrator is to remove surface moisture before application.
Perm Recommendations
- A true acid wave is recommended for extremely porous hair types.
Cuticle Care
- The wooden pusher is best for pushing back cuticles.
Nail Buffing Techniques
- Lifting the buffer while buffing prevents friction, heat, and potential infection.
Patch Testing Timing
- The preliminary disposition (patch) test is performed before applying tint.
Workstation Protocol
- A workstation must be cleaned properly before disinfection.
Nail Anatomy
- The cuticle is the colorless tissue attached to the nail plate.
Post-Hair Care
- A regular conditioner is applied after a hair mask treatment.
Hair Lighting Process
- A double process involves bleaching (pre-lightening) hair followed by toning.
Skin Lesions
- A local infection (like a pimple) can be an open lesion of the skin.
Hair Processing Risks
- Using excessive hydrogen peroxide can lead to unwanted hair lightening.
Acrylic Nail Care
- New growth for tips (acrylic nails) should be refilled.
Tip Application Method
- The tip application method involves stop, rock, and hold techniques.
Shaving Preparation
- A steam towel is used first during the shaving process.
Massage Techniques
- Petrissage entails squeezing and pinching movements in massage.
Wound Care
- Stylistic powder is applied to cuts for better healing.
Hair Cutting Lines
- Horizontal lines in hair cutting build weight.
Hair Relaxation Limits
- Relaxers should not remove more than 80% of the hair's bonds.
Perm Ingredients
- Glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMGT) and thioglycolic acid (ATG) are the primary ingredients in perms.
Chemical Interaction
- Glyceryl monothioglycolate is the full name of GMGT.
Hard Water Effects
- Hard water can prevent hair from lathering due to excessive minerals.
Hair Composition
- Fine hair contains tightly compact molecules.
Hair Color Type
- Temporary hair color sits primarily on the cuticle layer.
Color Molecules
- Permanent color contains small molecules, while larger molecules are formed when combined with hydrogen peroxide.
Canities
- Canities is the term for gray hair.
Styling Techniques
- Full base and on base techniques create volume in hairstyles.
Shop License Expiration
- Shop licenses expire on July 31 of odd years.
Shampoo for Oily Hair
- Balancing shampoo is used on oily scalps.
Pin Curl Components
- Pin curls consist of three parts: base, stem, and circle.
Eyebrow Bone Reference
- The orbital bone refers to the area associated with the eyebrow.
Eyebrow Tweezing Direction
- Eyebrows are tweezed in the direction of hair growth.
Nail Anatomy
- The lunula is the visible part of the nail matrix that covers the base of the nail.
Acne Bacteria
- Staphylococci are bacteria known to cause acne and pimples.
Diffuser Usage
- A diffuser is used on a blow dryer to enhance styling.
Initial Disinfection Step
- The first step in disinfecting is sanitizing or cleaning the area.
Regulatory Agencies
- The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates products for infection control efficacy.
- The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) enforces health and safety standards in the workplace.
Protective Measures
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) includes items that safeguard workers in various environments.
Alopecia Areata
- Alopecia areata describes the condition characterized by smooth, circular bald patches.
Effilating Technique
- Effilating is the French term synonymous with slithering in hair cutting.
Natural Tint
- Henna is a natural hair color derived from plants, specifically a vegetable tint.
Toner Application Sequence
- Toner is applied after pre-lightening (bleaching) the hair.
Hydrogen Peroxide Role
- Hydrogen peroxide serves as an oxidizing agent (developer) in hair processes.
Absorbency of Hair
- Porous hair has a high absorbency for liquids.
Tangle Removal
- A wide tooth comb is ideal for effectively removing tangles from hair.
Sebum Production
- Overactive sebaceous glands produce excess sebum (oil).
Facial Massage Pressure Direction
- Pressure during facial massage movements should be applied from muscle insertion toward origin.
Milia Appearance
- Milia typically occurs on fine skin textures.
Astringent Use
- An astringent is applied after tweezing eyebrows to contract the skin and minimize irritation.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key cosmetology terms and concepts essential for the NJ State Board exam. This quiz covers hair lighteners, pre-softening techniques, and important chemical compounds used in perms. Perfect for cosmetology students preparing for their licensure.
