NJ State Board Cosmetology Review

Questions and Answers

What are the three forms of hair lighteners?

Oil (correct)

Cream (correct)

Powder (correct)

Gel

What is pre-softening used for?

Gray hair

What is the main ingredient of an acid perm?

Glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMTG)

What is the pH of an alkaline wave (cold wave)?

9.0-9.6 Signup and view all the answers

Which bonds does wet-setting break?

Hydrogen Signup and view all the answers

What do you typically do before adding toner?

Pre-lighten hair Signup and view all the answers

What allows you to hold the comb and the shears at the same time?

Palming the shears Signup and view all the answers

Which finger goes in the hole of the stationary blade (still blade) of the shears?

Ring finger Signup and view all the answers

What does texture refer to?

Fine, medium, or coarse Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the hair is responsible for its color, strength, and elasticity?

Cortex Signup and view all the answers

What does lathering the face before shaving do?

Cleans the face, softens the hair, and offers a smooth and flat surface Signup and view all the answers

How do you perform the freehand stroke?

Place the tip of the thumb behind the blade Signup and view all the answers

What do you use oil on a razor for?

Keeps it sharp, makes it last, extends life Signup and view all the answers

What can cause irritation while shaving?

Shaving against the grain Signup and view all the answers

When do cosmetology, hairstyling, skincare, manicurist, and teacher's licenses expire?

September 30 (even years) Signup and view all the answers

What are end papers used for during the permanent waving process?

To prevent hair from over-processing Signup and view all the answers

Which perm technique is used for long hair?

Piggyback Signup and view all the answers

What type of hair do you use a mild perm on?

Thin and weak Signup and view all the answers

What color cancels or neutralizes green?

Red Signup and view all the answers

How long prior to service do you perform a patch test (skin)?

24-48 hours Signup and view all the answers

What is a strand test used for?

To see how hair reacts and takes color Signup and view all the answers

What is thinning hair to graduated length using a sliding movement with partially open shears called?

Slithering Signup and view all the answers

What do you use after removing a face mask?

Toner Signup and view all the answers

Cosmetologists can't perform which service?

Electrolysis Signup and view all the answers

What are facial toners used for?

Rebalances pH of skin and closes pores Signup and view all the answers

Quick tapping, slapping, and hacking are which massage technique?

Tapotement Signup and view all the answers

What are spatulas used for in makeup?

Sanitation Signup and view all the answers

When shaping eyebrows, which bone do you follow?

Orbital Signup and view all the answers

What is a flat spot or discoloration of the skin called?

Macular, liver spot, freckle Signup and view all the answers

Which bacteria is harmful?

Pathogenic Signup and view all the answers

What household product can be used to disinfect salons?

Household bleach Signup and view all the answers

Disinfectants for salons must be?

Bactericidal, fungicidal, and virucidal Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps for properly disinfecting?

Clean, disinfect with an EPA registered disinfectant Signup and view all the answers

You may still perform a service, if you have a wound, as long as?

It is covered Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of hair called?

Trichology Signup and view all the answers

What makes an item multi-use?

Hard and non-porous Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'first aid' category in the SDS include?

Important symptoms, effects, acute and delayed, required treatment Signup and view all the answers

What do you call a client with symptoms?

Symptomatic Signup and view all the answers

What shampoo do you use to remove buildup?

Clarifying Signup and view all the answers

What is the degree at which a subsection of hair is held from the head?

Elevation Signup and view all the answers

What does 180 degree elevation achieve?

Long layers Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common elevation for layers?

90 degree Signup and view all the answers

What is also a bowl/pageboy haircut?

Blunt cut Signup and view all the answers

Which shampoo do you use for oily hair?

Balancing Signup and view all the answers

Which comb is used with thermal irons?

Hard rubber Signup and view all the answers

What hair color is obtained from leaves and bark?

Henna Signup and view all the answers

If a client has athletes foot (tinea pedis), you must?

Refuse the service Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause for leukonychia?

Minor injury to the nail matrix Signup and view all the answers

How to test the sharpness of a razor?

On a paper Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for hangnails?

Hot oil Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of nail dehydrator?

To remove surface moisture Signup and view all the answers

Which perm wrap is recommended for extremely porous hair?

True acid wave (mild perm) Signup and view all the answers

Which implement is best to use to push the cuticle back?

Wooden pusher Signup and view all the answers

Lifting the buffer when buffing the nail prevents?

Friction/heat, infection Signup and view all the answers

When do you perform a preliminary disposition test (patch test or PD)?

Before applying tint Signup and view all the answers

A work station must be properly cleaned before?

Disinfecting Signup and view all the answers

What is the colorless tissue that is attached to the nail plate?

Cuticle Signup and view all the answers

Which product should be applied after a hair mask?

Regular conditioner Signup and view all the answers

What is a double process?

Bleach or pre-lightening and toning Signup and view all the answers

An open lesion of the skin, accompanied by pus?

Local infection (pimple) Signup and view all the answers

Using more hydrogen peroxide (developer) than supposed to will cause?

Hair will lighten more than you want Signup and view all the answers

What do you do to the new growth for tips (acrylic nails)?

Refill Signup and view all the answers

What is the method for a tip application?

Stop, rock, and hold Signup and view all the answers

What is done first during a shave?

Steam towel Signup and view all the answers

What is petrissage?

Squeezing and pinching massage movements Signup and view all the answers

What do you apply for a cut?

Stylistic powder Signup and view all the answers

What lines build weight?

Horizontal Signup and view all the answers

Relaxers shouldn't remove more than what percentage of the hair's bonds?

80% Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main ingredients in perms?

Glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMGT) and Thioglycolic acid (ATG) Signup and view all the answers

What is GMGT?

Glyceryl monothioglycolate Signup and view all the answers

Why is hard water a disadvantage?

Too many minerals, hair doesn't lather Signup and view all the answers

What type of hair has tightly compact molecules?

Fine Signup and view all the answers

What hair color sits on the cuticle layer?

Temporary Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecules are in permanent color?

Small Signup and view all the answers

What kind of molecules are formed when permanent hair color is combined with hydrogen peroxide (developer)?

Large Signup and view all the answers

What are canities?

Gray hair Signup and view all the answers

What does full base and on base achieve?

Volume Signup and view all the answers

When does a shop license expire?

July 31 (odd years) Signup and view all the answers

What type of shampoo is used on oily scalp?

Balancing Signup and view all the answers

What are the three parts of a pin curl?

Base, stem, circle Signup and view all the answers

What is the eyebrow bone?

Orbital Signup and view all the answers

What direction do you tweeze the eyebrow?

Direction of the hair growth Signup and view all the answers

What covers the nail matrix?

Lunula Signup and view all the answers

What bacteria causes pimples?

Staphylococci Signup and view all the answers

What is the diffuser used on?

A blow dryer Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in disinfecting?

Sanitize (cleaning) Signup and view all the answers

What agency regulates and approves the efficacy of products used for infection control?

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Signup and view all the answers

What government agency enforces health and safety standards in the workplace?

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Signup and view all the answers

What are items called that protect workers?

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Signup and view all the answers

What is baldness in spots?

Alopecia Areata (circular, smooth bald patches) Signup and view all the answers

What is the French term for 'slithering'?

Effilating Signup and view all the answers

What is a natural hair color?

Henna (vegetable tint) Signup and view all the answers

What does pre-lightening (bleaching) come before?

Toner Signup and view all the answers

What is hydrogen peroxide used as?

Oxidizing agent (developer) Signup and view all the answers

Hair that easily absorbs liquid is?

Porous Signup and view all the answers

What comb is used to remove tangles?

Wide tooth Signup and view all the answers

What do overactive sebaceous glands create?

Sebum (oil) Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of pressure in facial massage movements?

From muscle insertion toward origin Signup and view all the answers

What skin texture does milia most commonly occur?

Fine Signup and view all the answers

What is applied to eyebrows after tweezing to contract the skin?

Astringent Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hair Lighteners

Three forms of hair lighteners: oil, powder, and cream.

Gray Hair

Pre-softening is used to treat gray hair for better color application.

Acid Perms

Glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMTG) is the main ingredient in acid perms.

Alkaline Wave

The pH range of an alkaline wave (cold wave) is between 9.0 and 9.6.

Wet-Setting

Wet-setting breaks hydrogen bonds in the hair.

Toner Application

Pre-lightening the hair is a typical step before applying toner.

Hair Cutting Techniques

Palming the shears allows simultaneous holding of comb and shears.
The ring finger is placed in the hole of the stationary blade (still blade) of the shears for better control.

Hair Texture

Hair texture can be classified as fine, medium, or coarse.

Hair Structure

The cortex of the hair is responsible for color, strength, and elasticity.

Shaving Preparation

Lathering the face before shaving cleanses, softens hair, and creates a smooth surface.

Freehand Stroke

To perform a freehand stroke, place the tip of the thumb behind the blade.

Razor Maintenance

Oil on a razor helps to keep it sharp, prolong its life, and maintain effectiveness.

Shaving Techniques

Shaving against the grain can lead to skin irritation.

License Expiration

Cosmetology and related licenses expire on September 30 of even years.

Permanent Waving

End papers are used in the permanent waving process to prevent hair from over-processing.
The piggyback method is a perm technique used for long hair.

Hair Type and Perms

Mild perms are suitable for thin and weak hair.

Color Theory

Red neutralizes green in color applications.

Patch Testing

A skin patch test should be performed 24-48 hours prior to a service.

Strand Testing

A strand test determines how hair reacts to color and treatment.

Hair Thinning

Slithering is a technique that thins hair to graduated lengths.

Post-Facial Care

Toner is applied after removing a face mask to rebalance skin pH and close pores.

Electrolysis Services

Cosmetologists are not authorized to perform electrolysis.

Facial Care

Facial toners help to rebalance skin pH and close pores.

Massage Techniques

Tapotement involves quick tapping, slapping, and hacking movements during massage.

Makeup Sanitation

Spatulas are an essential tool for ensuring sanitation in makeup application.

Eyebrow Shaping

The orbital bone guides the shaping of eyebrows.

Skin Discoloration

Macules, liver spots, and freckles are types of flat discolorations of the skin.

Bacterial Knowledge

Pathogenic bacteria are harmful.

Salon Sanitation

Household bleach can be used to disinfect salons.

Disinfectant Properties

Salon disinfectants must be bactericidal, fungicidal, and virucidal.

Disinfection Steps

Proper disinfection involves cleaning and then using an EPA-registered disinfectant.

Service Protocols

Services can be performed if a wound is covered appropriately.

Hair Study

Trichology is the study of hair.

Multi-Use Items

Items that are hard and non-porous are considered multi-use.

First Aid Guidelines

The "first aid" category in the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) includes important symptoms, effects, and treatments.

Client Assessment

A client showing symptoms is described as symptomatic.

Shampoo Applications

Clarifying shampoo is used to remove product buildup.

Hair Cutting Basics

Elevation is the angle at which a section of hair is lifted from the head.

Layering Techniques

180-degree elevation results in long layers.
90-degree elevation is the most common for achieving layers.

Haircuts

A blunt cut is also known as a bowl or pageboy haircut.

Shampoo Selection

Balancing shampoo is specifically designed for oily hair.

Thermal Tools

A hard rubber comb is used with thermal irons.

Natural Hair Color

Henna, a product from leaves and bark, is used for natural hair coloring.

Client Health Concerns

Clients with athlete's foot (tinea pedis) must be refused service for hygiene reasons.

Nail Health

Minor injuries to the nail matrix commonly cause leukonychia (white spots on nails).

Razor Sharpness

The sharpness of a razor can be tested on paper.

Hangnail Treatments

Hot oil treatments are effective for managing hangnails.

Nail Dehydration

The purpose of a nail dehydrator is to remove surface moisture before application.

Perm Recommendations

A true acid wave is recommended for extremely porous hair types.

Cuticle Care

The wooden pusher is best for pushing back cuticles.

Nail Buffing Techniques

Lifting the buffer while buffing prevents friction, heat, and potential infection.

Patch Testing Timing

The preliminary disposition (patch) test is performed before applying tint.

Workstation Protocol

A workstation must be cleaned properly before disinfection.

Nail Anatomy

The cuticle is the colorless tissue attached to the nail plate.

Post-Hair Care

A regular conditioner is applied after a hair mask treatment.

Hair Lighting Process

A double process involves bleaching (pre-lightening) hair followed by toning.

Skin Lesions

A local infection (like a pimple) can be an open lesion of the skin.

Hair Processing Risks

Using excessive hydrogen peroxide can lead to unwanted hair lightening.

Acrylic Nail Care

New growth for tips (acrylic nails) should be refilled.

Tip Application Method

The tip application method involves stop, rock, and hold techniques.

Shaving Preparation

A steam towel is used first during the shaving process.

Massage Techniques

Petrissage entails squeezing and pinching movements in massage.

Wound Care

Stylistic powder is applied to cuts for better healing.

Hair Cutting Lines

Horizontal lines in hair cutting build weight.

Hair Relaxation Limits

Relaxers should not remove more than 80% of the hair's bonds.

Perm Ingredients

Glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMGT) and thioglycolic acid (ATG) are the primary ingredients in perms.

Chemical Interaction

Glyceryl monothioglycolate is the full name of GMGT.

Hard Water Effects

Hard water can prevent hair from lathering due to excessive minerals.

Hair Composition

Fine hair contains tightly compact molecules.

Hair Color Type

Temporary hair color sits primarily on the cuticle layer.

Color Molecules

Permanent color contains small molecules, while larger molecules are formed when combined with hydrogen peroxide.

Canities

Canities is the term for gray hair.

Styling Techniques

Full base and on base techniques create volume in hairstyles.

Shop License Expiration

Shop licenses expire on July 31 of odd years.

Shampoo for Oily Hair

Balancing shampoo is used on oily scalps.

Pin Curl Components

Pin curls consist of three parts: base, stem, and circle.

Eyebrow Bone Reference

The orbital bone refers to the area associated with the eyebrow.

Eyebrow Tweezing Direction

Eyebrows are tweezed in the direction of hair growth.

Nail Anatomy

The lunula is the visible part of the nail matrix that covers the base of the nail.

Acne Bacteria

Staphylococci are bacteria known to cause acne and pimples.

Diffuser Usage

A diffuser is used on a blow dryer to enhance styling.

Initial Disinfection Step

The first step in disinfecting is sanitizing or cleaning the area.

Regulatory Agencies

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates products for infection control efficacy.
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) enforces health and safety standards in the workplace.

Protective Measures

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) includes items that safeguard workers in various environments.

Alopecia Areata

Alopecia areata describes the condition characterized by smooth, circular bald patches.

Effilating Technique

Effilating is the French term synonymous with slithering in hair cutting.

Natural Tint

Henna is a natural hair color derived from plants, specifically a vegetable tint.

Toner Application Sequence

Toner is applied after pre-lightening (bleaching) the hair.

Hydrogen Peroxide Role

Hydrogen peroxide serves as an oxidizing agent (developer) in hair processes.

Absorbency of Hair

Porous hair has a high absorbency for liquids.

Tangle Removal

A wide tooth comb is ideal for effectively removing tangles from hair.

Sebum Production

Overactive sebaceous glands produce excess sebum (oil).

Facial Massage Pressure Direction

Pressure during facial massage movements should be applied from muscle insertion toward origin.

Milia Appearance

Milia typically occurs on fine skin textures.

Astringent Use

An astringent is applied after tweezing eyebrows to contract the skin and minimize irritation.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key cosmetology terms and concepts essential for the NJ State Board exam. This quiz covers hair lighteners, pre-softening techniques, and important chemical compounds used in perms. Perfect for cosmetology students preparing for their licensure.