Questions and Answers
What are abductors?
What are adductors?
What is adipose tissue?
A specialized connective tissue considered fat.
What is anabolism?
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What does anatomy study?
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What is the function of the atrium in the heart?
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What is the function of the auricularis anterior muscle?
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What is the role of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?
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What is muscle tissue?
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What is the central nervous system (CNS)?
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What is the function of the heart?
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What do connective tissues do?
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What are motor nerves?
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What is metabolism?
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What is the role of the maxillary bones?
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What does the word 'mitosis' refer to?
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What is the primary function of the liver?
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Study Notes
Muscular Anatomy
- Abductors are muscles that draw body parts, like fingers or limbs, away from the midline of the body.
- Adductors, in contrast, draw body parts inward toward the midline.
- The biceps are prominent muscles that contribute to the contour of the upper arm's inner and front side.
Tissues and Metabolism
- Adipose tissue is specialized connective tissue that provides insulation, cushioning, and contour to the body.
- Anabolism refers to the constructive phase of metabolism where larger molecules are built from smaller ones, while catabolism breaks down compounds to release energy.
- Epithelial tissue serves as a protective covering on body surfaces.
Nervous System and Muscles
- The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary muscles including those of glands and blood vessels.
- The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, governing all bodily functions.
- Motor nerves transmit impulses from the brain to muscles, leading to movement.
Cardiovascular and Skeletal Systems
- The heart is a muscular organ essential for blood circulation, composed of a network that includes the left and right atria.
- The clavicle (collarbone) connects the sternum and scapula, playing a role in shoulder stability.
Structural Components
- The cranium is the bony case protecting the brain, while the occipital bone forms the back of the skull.
- Joints are connections between two or more bones, with various types allowing different movements.
- Organs are specialized structures composed of tissues, performing distinct functions within the body.
Cellular Components
- Cells are the fundamental units of life, each enclosed by a cell membrane that regulates substance entry and exit.
- The nucleus contains nucleoplasm and is essential for genetic information storage and cell function control.
- Organelles are miniature structures within a cell, each performing specific roles necessary for cellular activity.
Other Anatomical Features
- The buccal nerve affects the mouth's muscles, while the infraorbital nerve influences skin sensations in the face.
- The greater auricular nerve affects skin and muscles in the face, ears, and neck.
- The nasalis muscle, along with others like the mentalis, contributes to facial expressions by manipulating skin around the nose and chin.
Energetics and Growth
- Metabolism is a crucial chemical process for cell nourishment and energy production, divided into anabolism and catabolism.
- Mitosis is the process of cell division forming new cells, fundamental for growth and repair.
Muscle Function
- Extensors are responsible for straightening the wrist and fingers, while flexors operate to bend these joints.
- The epicranius covers the skull, comprising muscles responsible for scalp movement and facial expression.
Terminology and Definitions
- Terms like 'insertion' describe where muscles attach to bones, while 'belly' refers to the muscle's middle part.
- Histology, or microscopic anatomy, is key to understanding tissue composition and function.
These concise notes cover the core concepts and definitions related to general anatomy and physiology as outlined in the provided text.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards from Milady Chapter 6, focusing on general anatomy and physiology. Learn key terms and definitions related to muscles and their functions in the body. Perfect for students in cosmetology and related fields.
